Which Neighborhoods Have Easier Access to Online Home Delivery Services?A Spatiotemporal Accessibility Analysis in Nanjing,China

The rise in online home delivery services(OHDS)has had a significant impact on how urban services are supplied and used in recent years.Studies on the spatial accessibility of OHDS are emerging,but few is known about the temporal dimension of OHDS accessibility as well as the geographic and socioeconomic differences in the spatiotemporal accessibility of OHDS.This study measures the spatiotemporal accessibility of four types of OHDS,namely leisure,fresh and convenient,medical,and catering services.The geographic and socioeconomic disparities in the spatiotemporal accessibility of these four types of OHDS are then identified using spatial statistical methods and the Kruskal-Wallis test(K-W test).The case study in Nanjing,China,suggests that:1)spatiotemporal accessibility better reflects the temporal variation of OHDS accessibility and avoids overestimation of OHDS accessibility when only considering its spatial dimension.2)The spatiotemporal accessibility of OHDS varies geographically and socioeconomically.Neighborhoods located in the main city or neighborhoods with higher housing prices,higher population density,and higher point of interest(POI)mix have better OHDS spatiotemporal accessibility.Our study contributes to the understanding of OHDS accessibility from a spatiotemporal perspective,and the empirical insights can assist policymakers in creating intervention plans that take into account variations in OHDS spatiotemporal accessibility.

Stress perceptions of nurses serving in home healthcare services during the COVID-19 pandemic:A qualitative research

Objective:To investigate the stress perceptions of nurses serving in home healthcare services during COVID-19.Methods:This study was qualitative research with a phenomenological design.Data were collected and recorded through in-depth interviews with 6 nurses working in MuşState Hospital,Home Healthcare Services Unit using a form consisting of 12 questions on an online platform between May 2021 and July 2021.The audio recordings were transcribed by the researcher and content analysis was performed by creating codes,categories,and themes.Results:The interviews yielded 10 categories and 59 sub-codes.These codes were addressed under the theme of"COVID-19 pandemic".Under this main theme,nurses expressed the problems they experienced in issues such as stress,support mechanisms,and family and social problems during COVID-19.They mentioned that they experienced high stress in this process,as well as social isolation and negative thoughts of society about them and that they could not spare time for themselves and their families.Conclusions:Nurses working in home healthcare services frequently express negativities such as high stress,isolation from society,and increased workload.Therefore,actions should be taken to raise awareness of society on these issues,increase the number of personnel,conduct more research,and share the results with the public.

Changes and Development of Home and Community Based Elderly Care Service Policies in China

This paper analyzes the current situation of the development of home and community based elderly care service in China,points out the existing problems,and puts forward improvement measures,aiming to deepen the understanding of HCBS and promote the theoretical research and practice of community home-based elderly care service.

The home healthcare nursing services provided to the elderly patients: a systematic review

Background:Home healthcare(HHC)services entail quality and transitional care offered to patients.Doctors recommend HHC to the elderly patients to manage conditions and improve outcomes outside inpatient setting.The systematic review aimed to assess the home health care nurse services to elderly patients.The question of this study is“what are the home nursing care services provided to the elderly patient.Methods:A systematic review methodology was adopted.A search was conducted on PubMed,MEDLINE,and ScienceDirect using keywords such as“home healthcare”,“nurse services”,“home nurses”,“elderly patients”.The search generated 1829 articles,but 16 were selected for qualitative synthesis for meeting the eligibility criteria.Joana Briggs Institute’s critical appraisal tools helped in the assessment of the primary studies.A data extraction matrix generated themes,while a narrative synthesis presented the studies.Results:The review found administration of HHC nursing services in different settings.The studies confirmed varied nature of HHC,types of HHC services,transitional care,challenges,or barriers of offering HHC,relationships,and decision-making process in offering care to the patients and family.The studies presented HHC as a multifaceted component with diverse impact on the patients and family.The analysis revealed that HHC nurses services served elderly persons as the main target group.HHC faces different challenges,barriers,or obstacles such as work,role conflict,organization,elderly patients,and decision-making.Conclusion and Future Research:The assessment of the HHC nursing services provided to the elderly patients reveals different facets of the healthcare process that reduce readmissions and hospital costs.Further studies could explore the provision of care to other target groups such as middle-aged patients to understand the impact of the services.

A family nurse-led intervention for reducing health services’utilization in individuals with chronic diseases:The ADVICE pilot study

Objectives:Intensive health services'utilization is common in older individuals affected by chronic diseases.This study assessed whether a structured family nurse-led educational intervention would be effective in reducing health services'use(readmissions and/or emergency service access)among older people affected by chronic conditions.Methods:This is a non-randomized before-after pilot study.A sample of 78 patients was recruited from two general practices in Italy and 70 among them were followed for 8 months.Standard home care was provided during the first four months'period(months 1-4),followed by the educational intervention until the end of the study(months 5-8).The intervention,based on the teach-back method,consisted of by-weekly 60-min home sessions targeting aspects of the disease and its treatment,potential complications,medication adherence,and health behaviours.Rates of health services'use were collected immediately before(T0),and after the interventions(T1).Differences in utilization rates were examined by the McNemar's test.Potential factors associated with the risk of health services'use were explored with a Cox proportional hazard regression model.Results:The sample(n=78)was predominantly female(n=50,64.1%),and had a mean age of 76.2(SD=4.8)years.Diabetes mellitus was the most frequent disease(n=27,34.6%).McNemar's test indicated a significant reduction in health services'use at T1(McNemar χ^(2)==28.03,P<0.001).Cox regressions indicated that time and patient education,as well as their interaction,were the only variables positively associated with the probability of health services'use.Conclusion:A teach-back intervention led by a family nurse practitioner has the potential to reduce health services'use in older patients with chronic diseases.

Research on the Countermeasure of Pricing Mechanism of Pension Service in China

This document in order to solve the problem of the supply imbalance of the home nursing service, it is necessary to make use of the decisive role of the price mechanism in the optimal allocation of resources in view of the shortage of the supply of old-age service in China, the low quality and the low supply of effective supply. Based on the economic attributes of public goods and personal belongings, this paper divides the old-age service into the old-age service of private property and the properties of public goods （pure public goods and quasi-public goods） according to the family status, economic status and health status of the clients. This paper explores the theoretical basis of price decision mechanism and effective supply of these two kinds of old-age services, and finally puts forward the concrete measures of the reform of the old-age service price in the light of the actual situation of the current pension service in our country.

To Die at Home or to End Life in an Institution

In the Western world, 60%-80% of all deaths occur in an institution. This study aimed to determine the main causes for the low proportion of deaths at home in Norway. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in six Norwegian municipalities. The study employed official statistics and structured interviews with key staff individuals (spring 2012). We included 41 individuals that received palliative home care;21 died at home. The rate of deaths at home may be increased by an acceptance of death and confidence that home is a good, safe place to die. This study showed how challenging it was for the family and health personnel to be a fellow Pellegrino in the last steps of life. However, when physical distress is under control, and when a dying patient and his significant other genuinely wish for death at home, it is necessary to control physical distress. Greater holistic well-being may then be achieved at home than in the hospital.

重庆图书馆“重图到家”网上借阅服务探析

网上借阅服务能有效地为需要的读者节约时间成本,覆盖更多的服务区域范围,促进图书馆公共文化服务的提升。该文以重庆图书馆“重图到家”网上借阅服务的运营情况为例,介绍其网上借阅的流程与方法,发现其存在的问题并探析其服务的创新性。总结出了公共图书馆在网上借阅服务工作上应当要以读者需求为中心,在维系好现有读者用户的基础上挖掘潜在用户的推广策略。

Cloud-assisted cognition adaptation for service robots in changing home environments

Robots need more intelligence to complete cognitive tasks in home environments.In this paper,we present a new cloud-assisted cognition adaptation mechanism for home service robots,which learns new knowledge from other robots.In this mechanism,a change detection approach is implemented in the robot to detect changes in the user’s home environment and trigger the adaptation procedure that adapts the robot’s local customized model to the environmental changes,while the adaptation is achieved by transferring knowledge from the global cloud model to the local model through model fusion.First,three different model fusion methods are proposed to carry out the adaptation procedure,and two key factors of the fusion methods are emphasized.Second,the most suitable model fusion method and its settings for the cloud–robot knowledge transfer are determined.Third,we carry out a case study of learning in a changing home environment,and the experimental results verify the efficiency and effectiveness of our solutions.The experimental results lead us to propose an empirical guideline of model fusion for the cloud–robot knowledge transfer.

Individual difference of artificial emotion applied to a service robot

In order to enable personalized natural interaction in service robots, artificial emotion is needed which helps robots to appear as individuals. In the emotion modeling theory of emotional Markov chain model （eMCM） for spontaneous transfer and emotional hidden Markov model （eHMM） for stimulated transfer, there are three problems： 1） Emotion distinguishing problem： whether adjusting parameters of the model have any effects on individual emotions; 2） How much effect the change makes; 3） The problem of different initial emotional states leading to different resultant emotions from a given stimuli. To solve these problems, a research method of individual emotional difference is proposed based on metric multidimensional scaling theory. Using a dissimilarity matrix, a scalar product matrix is calculated. Subsequently, an individual attribute reconstructing matrix can be obtained by principal component factor analysis. This can display individual emotion difference with low dimension. In addition, some mathematical proofs are carried out to explain experimental results. Synthesizing the results and proofs, corresponding conclusions are obtained. This new method provides guidance for the adjustment of parameters of emotion models in artificial emotion theory.

Finding misplaced items using a mobile robot in a smart home environment

Smart homes can provide complementary information to assist home service robots.We present a robotic misplaced item finding(MIF)system,which uses human historical trajectory data obtained in a smart home environment.First,a multi-sensor fusion method is developed to localize and track a resident.Second,a path-planning method is developed to generate the robot movement plan,which considers the knowledge of the human historical trajectory.Third,a real-time object detector based on a convolutional neural network is applied to detect the misplaced item.We present MIF experiments in a smart home testbed and the experimental results verify the accuracy and efficiency of our solution.

Consensus on the health education of home-based negative pressure wound therapy for patients with chronic wounds:a modified Delphi study

Background:The study aimed to develop consensus on the components of health education of home-based negative pressure wound therapy(NPWT)for patients with chronic wounds.Methods:A Delphi method was used to achieve consensus on the components of health education and 75%agreement and coefficient of variation(CV)<0.25 were used as cutoff.Sixteen experts were recruited purposefully to finish this study.Results:Two rounds of consultation were implemented.Consensus was achieved on 36 of the 42 statements.The final agreed list of statements represented three domains:health education before carrying out home-based NPWT,health education for the treatment day of NPWT at hospital and health education for NPWT at home.Conclusions:This study was the first attempt to develop consensus on the comprehensive components of health education of home-based NPWT for patients with chronic wounds.According to the established framework and components of health education,wound professionals can safely and effectively implement health education of home-based NPWT for patients with chronic wounds and improve their self-care ability and treatment experience at home.