Knowledge and practice skills on home-based urinary catheter care among parents of under-five children with urinary catheter

Objectives:The objectives of this study were to assess the knowledge and practice skills on home-based urinary catheter care among parents of under-five children with urinary catheter.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1,2021,to September 11,2021,in a tertiary hospital in north India.Purposive sampling was used to select 50 participants.Three instruments were employed for data collection after fulfilling sample criteria;for baseline information demographic tool,knowledge questionnaires,and a practice checklist.Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results:On assessment of 50 participants,the majority of parents aged above 30 years(74%).Most of the participants were male(82%),graduated(38%),and working in the private sector(58%).Similarly,two-thirds of participants were residing in a nuclear family(64%)with a single child 32(64%)and family income<5000 rupees per month(60%).The mean score of knowledge was 1.94±0.81 and that of practice skills was 1.98±0.85 on home-based care.Regression analysis showed that knowledge of parents was significantly associated with qualification(β:1.821,P=0.002).Similarly,association of practice skills of parents with gender(β:1.235,P=0.050)and qualification(β:1.889,P=0.00)was significant.Conclusion:The general findings of our study showed that parents’education and occupation played a significant role in a child’s care.Parental education and catheter care skills positively affect the child and reduce readmission rates.

Analysis of Distribution of Public Toilets within Walking Range around Communities of the Elderly under the Model of Community Home-based Care for the Elderly: A Case Study of Changxindian, Fengtai District, Beijing

In recent years,under the influence of multiple factors such as traditional ideas and living economic conditions,the aging population in China continues to increase.Most of the elderly are more inclined to aged at home,and the first places for elderly activities are communities and the surrounding environment,which greatly affects the convenience of life and happiness of the elderly.In this paper,Changxindian area in Fengtai District of Beijing was as the research object,and detailed calculation and analysis were carried out by using POI data and arcGIS software.The relative location of residential areas and surrounding public toilets was explored,and the best location of public toilets in the daily walking area under the model of community home-based care for the elderly was further studied.

A Review of Device-Free Indoor Positioning for Home-Based Care of the Aged:Techniques and Technologies

With the development of urbanization,the problem of neurological diseases brought about by population aging has gradually become a social problem of worldwide concern.Aging leads to gradual degeneration of the central nervous system,shrinkage of brain tissue,and decline in physical function in many elderlies,making them susceptible to neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD),stroke,Parkinson’s and major depressive disorder(MDD).Due to the influence of these neurological diseases,the elderly have troubles such as memory loss,inability to move,falling,and getting lost,which seriously affect their quality of life.Tracking and positioning of elderly with neurological diseases and keeping track of their location in real-time are necessary and crucial in order to detect and treat dangerous and unexpected situations in time.Considering that the elderly with neurological diseases forget to wear a positioning device or have mobility problems due to carrying a positioning device,device-free positioning as a passive positioning technology that detects device-free individuals is more suitable than traditional active positioning for the home-based care of the elderly with neurological diseases.This paper provides an extensive and in-depth survey of device-free indoor positioning technology for home-based care and an in-depth analysis of the main features of current positioning systems,as well as the techniques,technologies andmethods they employ,fromthe perspective of the needs of the elderly with neurological conditions.Moreover,evaluation criteria and possible solutions of positioning techniques for the home-based care of the elderly with neurological conditions are proposed.Finally,the opportunities and challenges for the development of indoor positioning technology in 6G mobile networks for home-based care of the elderly with neurological diseases are discussed.This review has provided comprehensive and effective tracking and positioning techniques,technologies and methods for the elderly,by which we can obtain the location information of the elderly in real-time and make home-based care more comfortable and safer for the elderly with neurological diseases.

Responsibility Distribution Between the Government and Society in Guaranteeing Basic Senior Care Services

The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the task to ensure all elderly people enjoy basic senior care services.In an aging society,basic senior care services are key to protecting the basic human rights of the elderly.The government-society partnership is an ideal model to guarantee basic senior care services.In terms of responsibility distribution,the government and social organizations should follow the principle of subsidiarity.On the one hand,social organizations undertake the responsibility to provide basic senior care services under public constraints with regard to service prices,service content,and service targets;On the other hand,the government is the responsible guarantor for minimum senior care services and the prevention of risks.The government’s responsibility of guaranteeing minimum senior care services lies in the government taking over relevant projects after the occurrence of risks.Constrained by the principle of subsidiarity,the government’s responsibility for risk prevention shifts from ex-ante prevention to interim and ex-post prevention.Emphasis should be placed on the principle of the government and society assuming shared responsibilities for risk prevention and achieving risk prevention through government spending.

Influences of Horticultural Therapy and Functional Recovery Training at a Day-Care Center for the Elderly and Text Mining of Care Records by AI

Background: In Japan, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, various behavioral restrictions were implemented from March 2020, resulting in an increased number of elderly people with reduced participation in care and rehabilitation. As a result, the decline in motor and cognitive functions became more pronounced. Purpose: The study examined how activities combining passive horticultural therapy, which is always introduced, with active functional recovery training, which is used in the functional recovery training of patients with hemiplegia, influence the behavior of elder people using the facility. Methods: 36 elder people with care need 1 or 2 who regularly used the day-care facilities after the pandemic ended and who agreed to participate in the study was included. The assessment data were every three months from December 2021 to December 2023 after the COVID-19 pandemic, the MMSE and Moca-J, TMIG-Index, and GDS15. AI-based text mining was used to compare changes in visit reports before and after the introduction of the Posture Chart and Red Code, and the relationship between the language used. Results: The results of MMSE and Moca-J were both significantly higher in Group B and C than in Group A. TIMG assessment, was significantly higher in Group B and C than in Group A, and Group C was significantly higher than Group B. The GDS, an assessment of depression in old age, tended to be significantly higher in Group A than in Groups B and C. In the “Co-Occurrence Network Analysis” shown after the introduction of the latest functional recovery training equipment such as the Red Cord, its results showed a high association between the words Bathing and CARE and words such as POSTURE, Red-Code, and AI, App, which are used in functional training and rehabilitation, and their analysis. Conclusion: At day-care facilities specializing in functional recovery training and rehabilitation, a combination of horticultural therapy and the latest functional training equipment found to help maintain the physical and mental health of elderly people certified as requiring nursing care. Since this is a short-term study following behavioral restrictions, long-term research should continue to study the effects of adding functional training, handled by rehabilitation professionals, to horticultural therapy.

Research Progress on the Home-based Healthcare Plan for the Elderly with Chronic Diseases

Objective:To develop a home-based care plan for the elderly person with chronic diseases based on the status of their home-based care needs and relevant literature.Methods:The clinical data consisted of 132 patients who were 60-year-old or older with chronic diseases from June 2019 to May 2020 were selected and categorized into control and treatment groups of 66 patients each.For the experimental group,a care team for chronically ill elderly receiving regular post-treatment bome-based care.Meanwhile,a general clinical care team for chronically ill elderly receiving regular treatment for the control group.The effectiveness of these two healthcare models was evaluated and analyzed.Results:Results showed that satisfaction and effectiveness of home-based care among the elderly with chronic diseases were statistically better(P<0.05)than those in the usual care group.Conclusion:Providing home-based care services to elderly patients with chronic illnesses helps them to improve their chronic disease condition,patients are more receptive to home care,and patients have higher rates of recovery and treatment satisfaction.

Meta-analysis of the willingness rate of community home-based care in China

Objective:To systematically evaluate the willingness rate of the community to provide for the aged at home and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:By searching the CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,we collected literature on the willingness of the elderly in the community to provide for the aged from 2011 to 2021,extracted the data,and evaluated the quality of the included literature.Then,CMA 2.0 software was used for Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 13 articles were included in this study,and 16,402 people over 60 years old were surveyed,1782 people were willing to provide for the aged at home in the community,with a total willingness rate of 11%(95%CI:9%to 26%).The results of subgroup analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference in the community home care willingness rate of elderly people with different gender,education levels,marital status,monthly income,living alone,the number of children,and residence(P<0.05).There was not any statistically significant difference in the willingness rate of the elderly with different ages,chronic diseases,self-care ability,and loneliness(P>0.05).Conclusion:The overall willingness rate of the elderly in the community of the elderly is relatively low in China.Gender,education level,marital status,monthly income,living alone,number of children,and residence are factors affecting the prediction of community elderly will.

Home-based nursing for improvement of quality of life and depression in patients with postpartum depression

BACKGROUND Postpartum depression is a common mental illness in puerpera,with an incidence of approximately 3.5%-33.0%abroad,and the incidence of postpartum depression in China is higher than the international level,reaching 10.0%-38.0%.Providing effective nursing care in clinical nursing activities is one of the key points of obstetrical care.However,little research has been designed to investigate the positive role of home-based nursing in the prevention of postpartum depression.AIM To study the effect of home-based nursing for postpartum depression patients on their quality of life and depression.METHODS The clinical data of 92 patients with postpartum depression treated at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were grouped according to the nursing methods used;40 patients receiving basic nursing were included in a basic nursing group,and 52 receiving home-based nursing were included in a home-based nursing group.Depression and anxiety were evaluated and compared between the two groups.The estradiol(E2),serotonin(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT),and progesterone(PRGE)levels were measured.RESULTS The SAS and SDS scores of the home-based nursing group were significantly lower than those of the basic nursing group(P<0.05).The E2 and 5-HT levels of the home-based nursing group were significantly higher than those of the basic nursing group,but the PRGE level was significantly lower than that of the basic nursing group.The GQOLI-74 scores(material,social,somatic,and psychological)and nursing satisfaction were significantly higher in the home-based nursing group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Postpartum depression through home-based nursing can effectively alleviate depression and improve the quality of life of patients,help modulate their serum E2,5-HT,and PRGE levels,and improve their satisfaction with nursing care.

Testing the Emergin Senior Care Market

There is a strong demand in the market for elderly care coupled with robust on-site medical facilities.A European senior care company has entered the market to explore the possibilities.IN recent years,senior care providers from overseas have begun to dig into the Chinese market.Among them,French company Orpea has achieved remarkable results:the occupancy rate of its first senior care

“一老一小”服务体系协同发展的理论逻辑、现实基础及发展路径

我国家庭正面临着照料人力减少和照料成本增加的双重现实困境,以社区为基础的“在地化”弹性服务既是家庭照料面临的共同刚需,也是“一老一小”服务体系协同发展的需方基础。“一老一小”服务体系建设是促进家庭和谐和国家人口安全的共同目标和服务资源可共享的“供方”协同发展前提。当前我国“一老一小”服务体系协同发展面临着多部门协同机制基本建成但有待落实、资源相对失衡且各自独立发展、“在地化”服务供给与利用双低的局面。应从全生命周期、全人群和全家庭的视角,推动不同政策主体形成合力,完善以家庭需求为中心的协同机制、打造代际共融型“在地化”服务示范样本、建立社区智慧家庭协同服务平台、营造协同发展的“家庭友好型”社会支持性环境和加强“一老一小”家庭问题的调查与研究,以实现“一老一小”服务体系协同的高质量发展。

数智化时代老年人社会参与的挑战与应对策略——基于MOA理论的实证研究

随着积极应对人口老龄化国家战略的实施,养老观念正发生转变,从传统单纯地为老年人生活提供支持,逐步转向鼓励老年人继续参与社会活动,即进行积极的社会参与。数智化技术既给老年人积极社会参与带来更多的机遇,也是未来老年人社会参与的必由之路。基于MOA理论对20位老年人开展为期14天的日记研究,结果表明,数智化技术确实为老年人带来了更多社会参与的机会,但也造成老年人在社会参与时面临“想参与但无从参与”“有机会但参与困难”与“参与但获得感不强”三大挑战。要改善这一现状,首先,要完善制度设计,通过出台老年人社会参与统一平台建设、技术赋能老年社会参与的相关政策,保障参与环境;其次,要建设统一平台,构建包含老年人、养老服务机构(企业)和医疗(健康)服务机构等不同主体共同聚合的生态系统,保障老年人的社会参与机会;再次,推动技术赋能,在做好高频应用适老化改造的基础上,加强对智能化功能的建设,对技术使用的门槛做减法,为技术应用形式做加法;最后,要积极鼓励和推广以志愿服务、银发网红、再就业等为代表形式的“老有所为”活动,支持老年人继续发挥余热,使晚年生活更充实、更有意义。

智慧养老数据资源治理体系研究:基于活动理论视角

智慧养老产业市场规模不断扩大,产生了一系列有价值的数据资源,但全国智慧养老数据资源共享程度低、不成体系,呈现出不集成、不统一和不均衡的“三不”问题,导致数据资源价值难以充分发挥,阻碍了各养老服务主体的合作和效益提升,也影响了老年人对养老服务的满意度,因而亟须建立和完善智慧养老数据资源治理体系。尤其是对于治理过程中各个要素如何协同、面向具体场景的治理活动如何展开等难题,利用规范分析方法,基于活动理论提出智慧养老领域数据资源治理体系的整体框架,对其中的治理主体、客体、共同体、规则、工具和分工六大要素展开详细分析,并基于康复场景构建老年人康复活动中的数据资源治理流程。提出基于本体模型并包含“元数据—主数据—参考数据”三个层次的数据资源分类体系,发现智慧养老数据资源的治理模式将经历从无中心引导型的分布式治理到单中心集聚型的集中式治理,再到多中心孤岛型的分布集中式治理,最后形成多中心合作型的网络式治理,在不同阶段可相应构建督促机制、注册机制、协商机制、权责机制、激励机制、监管机制等治理机制。

基于智慧养老理念的适老化社区健身服务设计研究

适老化社区健身是智慧养老的必然要求和实施途径,服务设计视域下的适老化健身设计成果更适合在社区实践中推广应用。分析智慧养老的内涵及对适老化健身设计的要求,采用观察法、访谈法、用户旅程图等方法对老人的社区智慧健身需求进行研究,并从游戏化设计、交互性设计、引导式设计这3方面完成社区智慧健身的服务蓝图、服务流程、服务终端设计,为适老化社区智慧健身服务设计实践提供参考。

数字产品适老化研究综述:需求挖掘、障碍分析与优化设计

人口老龄化与社会数字化的同步发展导致“数字鸿沟”问题日益严峻,加快数字产品的适老化研究与设计已成为业界和学界共同关注的焦点。本文基于国内外数字产品适老化领域近10年(2014—2023年)发表的348篇研究文献,采用系统性综述方法,深入分析了老年用户数字产品需求挖掘、使用障碍与优化设计方面的研究进展及发展趋势。研究发现,目前对老年用户的数字产品需求挖掘主要集中在物质需求、情感需求和精神需求三个层面,着重关注产品使用中存在的感官障碍、认知障碍、行为障碍和心理障碍,并从设计标准、优化对策和可用性测试多个维度开展适老化设计研究与实践。未来应针对数字产品的演进迭代和人口老龄化发展趋势,在研究样本采集、研究方法创新和研究内容拓展等方面作进一步思考。研究结论可为把握数字产品适老化研究热点、聚焦领域前沿和推动理论发展提供有益参考,也可为积极建设老年友好型数字社会提供实践启示。

双向社会支持和家庭关怀度对社区老年人总体幸福感的影响

目的探讨社区老年人双向社会支持、家庭关怀度和总体幸福感的关系,分析家庭关怀度在社区老年人双向社会支持和总体幸福感中的中介效应。方法2022年2-7月采用便利抽样法,选取浙江省6个城市的383名社区老年人为研究对象,运用一般人口学问卷、简版双向社会支持量表、总体幸福感量表和家庭关怀度指数问卷对其进行调查,通过结构方程模型构建家庭关怀度在老年人双向社会支持对总体幸福感影响的中介效应模型。结果双向社会支持中的接受社会支持和提供社会支持与家庭关怀度、总体幸福感均呈正相关(均P<0.05);接受社会支持可通过给予社会支持的中介作用以及给予社会支持和家庭关怀度的链式中介对总体幸福感产生间接效应,中介效应分别占总效应的45.6%和29.1%。结论接受社会支持可通过给予社会支持和家庭关怀度对老年人的总体幸福感产生间接影响,提示政府和有关部门可构建促进老年人双向社会支持和家庭关怀度的相关措施,以提升其幸福感。

面向智慧养老的边缘计算卸载方法

针对边缘计算环境下任务卸载过程中,老年人健康数据任务的动态到达性和信道条件的不确定性,引发的平均时延和能耗的优化问题,本文提出一种基于李雅普诺夫优化与深度强化学习结合的在线任务计算卸载优化算法。一个多用户移动边缘计算网络中的用户任务数据随机到达,应用李雅普诺夫优化方法对任务卸载过程中的队列长度进行约束和建模,深度强化学习方法利用模型信息将输入环境参数转化为学习最优的二进制卸载动作的过程,之后对卸载动作进行准确评价,通过仿真实验证明了该组合算法优于其他深度强化学习算法,并且在优化任务卸载所用能耗的同时合理约束队列长度,有效降低了数据队列长度的积压。

海南省陵水县居家老年人长期照护需求评估及影响因素研究

目的 了解海南省陵水县居家老年人健康状况,建立该人群长期照护需求评估体系,探索陵水县居家老年人长期照护需求的主要影响因素,提出改善的对策与建议。方法 2021年8-10月采用分层随机抽样法调查陵水县60岁及以上的居家老人;通过秩和比综合分析法评估长期照护需求;运用非参数检验和有序Logistic回归分析其主要影响因素。结果 共发放930份问卷,有效问卷911份,有效回收率约为98%。评估结果显示,调整后的分级为轻度依赖与重度依赖占比相差不大,中度依赖占比最高;非参数检验提示,年龄、户籍、主要经济来源、医疗保险、自理程度、患慢性病数量、高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中、服药情况、家族史和摔倒(≤3个月)差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),可纳入回归模型;有序Logistic回归分析得出:年龄(相对于≥80岁年龄组,60~<65岁:OR=7.352;65~<80岁:OR=3.658)、主要经济来源(经济来源子女:OR=0.666)、医疗保险类别(新农合:OR=1.944)和自理程度(可自理:OR=7.000)是影响居家老年人长期照护需求的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论 居家老年人长期照护需求占比中较高的是医疗保健和社会支持,长期照护需求的影响因素包括年龄、主要经济来源、医疗保险类型和自理程度。在给予居家老年人服务供给中,应该关注高龄和半失能、失能老人,优化经济来源,服务内容向医疗保健与社会支持倾斜。

基于扎根理论的智慧养老平台用户持续使用行为影响因素研究

目的/意义探究智慧养老平台用户持续使用行为影响因素,丰富相关理论研究体系,促进智慧养老平台产品设计、优化和运营。方法/过程对智慧养老平台用户开展一对一深度访谈,采用扎根理论方法,对访谈资料进行质性分析,提炼影响智慧养老平台用户持续使用行为的相关因素。结果/结论智慧养老平台用户持续使用行为影响因素主要包括用户因素、平台因素和环境因素3个方面,提出智慧养老平台用户持续使用行为影响因素的关系框架。

基于PMC指数模型的居家养老政策量化评价研究

目的分析当前我国居家养老政策的优势与不足,为下一阶段的政策制定与优化提供参考依据。方法利用文本挖掘对29份政策文本进行处理,借助PMC指数模型对选取的10份居家养老政策样本进行量化评价。结果合格级政策10项,完美级政策2项;PMC指数得分均值为6.51分;政策目标、政策评价、政策视角、政策领域、政策公开等维度得分较高。结论我国居家养老政策体系成熟,整体质量较好,但在政策性质、政策时效、政策工具方面存在一定的提升空间。建议完善支持性举措,构建全面化动态监督机制;灵活组合政策时效,促进短期、中期、长期政策的有机衔接;引导多元主体参与养老服务,发挥政策工具的柔性效用。

基础型社区养老服务供给对老年人生活满意度的影响——自评健康变化的中介作用

基于2018年中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(CLHLS 2018)数据,运用多元线性回归、逐步回归、Bootstrap等研究方法分析基础型社区养老服务供给对老年人生活满意度的影响,并引入自评健康变化作为中介变量,探讨了其影响机制。研究发现:基础型社区养老服务供给对老年人生活满意度具有正向影响,且通过老年人自评健康变化对其生活满意度可以产生间接影响效应。在社区养老服务体系建设过程中,应重视基础型社区养老服务的作用,充分发挥政府购买公共服务的优势。