Formation and Characteristics of Acrylonitrile/Urea Inclusion Compound

The formation process and composition of the acrylonitrile/urea inclusion compounds （AN/UIC） with different aging times and AN/urea molar feed ratios are studied by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. It is suggested that DSC can determine the guest/host ratio and the heat of decomposition. Meanwhile, the guest/host ratio and heat of decomposition are obtained, which are 1.17 and 5361.53 J/mol, respec- tively. It is suggested AN molecules included in urea canal lattice may be packed flat against each other. It is found that the formation of AN/UIC depends on the aging time. XRD results reveal that once AN molecules enter urea lattice, AN/UIC are formed, which possess the final structure. When AN molecules are sufficient, the length of AN molecular arrays in urea canals increases as aging time prolonging until urea tunnels are saturated by AN.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of an Inclusion Compound Constructed through Self-assembly of Nicotinamide and Dicyanamide Coordination Bridges

A novel inclusion compound of [Mn（dca）2（3-nic）2]n·（3-nic）2n（1,dca = dicyanamide,3-nic = nicotinamide） has been prepared and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,elemental analysis and IR.This complex crystallizes in the triclinic system,space group P1 with a = 7.5979（8）,b = 7.7128（9）,c = 14.5346（17）,α = 100.094（2）,β = 92.444（2）,γ = 116.736（2）o,V = 741.72（15） 3,Z = 1,Dc = 1.512 g/cm3,Mr = 675.55,μ = 0.507 mm-1,F（000） = 347,S = 1.023,the final R = 0.0400 and wR = 0.1010.The inclusion compound is constructed by a three-dimensional host network that consists of dca,3-nic and Mn2＋ with coordination and hydrogen-bonding interactions.In the network,one-dimensional rectangular channels are formed,and the guest molecules（3-nic） are included in the channels.The guest molecules interlink with the host through strong hydrogen bonds.

Multiform Host Lattices in the Layer Type Inclusion Compound of Thiourea with Tetrabutylammonium Salicylate and Water

A new inclusion complex thiourea with tetrabutylammonium salicylate and water, 4(C4H9)4N+C7H5O3 ?4(NH2)2CS?2H2O, has been prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallo- graphy. Crystal data: MoKα radiation, triclinic, space group P1 with a = 13.505(5), b = 13.645(5), c = 30.720(10) ?, α = 92.872(7), β = 92.329(7), γ = 92.538(7)°, V = 5643.0(3) ?3, C96H184N12O14S4, Mr = 1858.79, Z = 2, Dc = 1.094 g/cm3, μ = 0.143 mm-1, F(000) = 2040, R = 0.0694 and wR = 0.1282 for 4303 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). There are three different layer type host-lattices in the crystal structure of the title compound. All of them are formed by [(NH2)2CS·(C7H5O3 )]4 tetramers, but water molecules are located between tetramers and link them by hydrogen bonds to generate ribbons at c = 0 and 1/2, and isolated tetramers are arranged side by side at c = 1/4. The tetrabutylammonium cations are sandwiched between puckered layers.

Two Polymorphs of the Inclusion Compound [(n-C_4H_9)_4N]^+·(C_(13)H_9O_3)^-·H_2O

Two polymorphs of the inclusion compound [（n-C4H9）4N]＋＇（C13H903）H2O have been prepared and characterized by X-ray crystallography. Polymorph 1： triclinic P1, a = 13.4982（2）, b = 13.5743（2）, c = 17.1996（2） A, at = 67.045（1）,β = 77.845（1）, γ= 88.762（1）°, V = 2830.43（7） A3, Z = 4, R = 0.0491, wR= 0.1276; Polymorph 2： tetragonal P43, a = b = 13.53690（1） A, c = 30.8491（8） A, V = 5653.02（16） A3, Z = 8, R = 0.0448, wR = 0.0984. In these two crystal structures, the hydrogen-bonded ribbons built of 4,4＇-dihydroxybenzophenone （DHBP, C13H1003） anions and water molecules are orderly arranged to generate two-dimensional host layers, with tetrabutylammonium cations contained between the layers to form the sandwich-like inclusion compounds. The structures of 1 and 2, which exist as two polymorphs, both display the similar packing pattern and hydrogen-bond linking model.

Silver Nanoparticles Produced by Magnetron Sputtering and Selective Nanodecoration onto <i>α</i>-Cyclodextrin/Carboxylic Acid Inclusion Compounds Crystals

In this work, we report the preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and the nanodecoration of α-cyclodextrin inclusion compounds (α-CD IC) microcrystals that contain palmitic (PAc) and stearic acids (SAc) like guest molecules. These IC provide a suitable environment for nucleation, epitaxial growth and immobilization of AgNPs that were obtained by the magnetron sputtering technique. The use of α-CD IC substrates with a specific surface morphology in which the functional group of the guest molecule faces outward preferentially from a crystal plane, is an efficient method for the preparation of AgNPs with a low size dispersion, which is probably due to the high affinity between the functional group of the surfactant carboxylic acid guest with the metal nanoparticles.

The Molecular and Crystal Structure of an Inclusion Compound Formed between Acetylferrocene Pyridine-2, 6-diformylhydrazone and Ethanol

: The crystal structure of an inclusion compound formed between acetyl-ferrocene pyridine-2, 6-diformylhydrazone and ethanol was report in the present work.The crystal of C33,H35N5O3Fe2 is monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 23. 249 (3 ), b=ll. 576(2), c=22. 794(4) A, β=103. 53(l)’, V=5964(1) A3, Mr=66l- 37, Z=8, Dc= 1. 473g/cm3, F (000) = 2752. 00, μ = 10. l5 cm-1. It was found that theethanol molecule present in the crystal lattice depends on the van der Waals force ratherthan hydrogen bonding.

Inclusion Behavior of Dimer β-CyclodextrinBridged with Aspartic Acid Derivative

The (β-cyclodextrin (CD) dimer bridged with aspartic acid (ASP) derivative, FITC-ASP(NH-(-CD)2 (Host, FITC=fluorescein-4-isothiocyanate), was synthesized. Fluorescence polarization study showed that the novel host formed an inclusion compound, [FITC-ASP(NH-(-CD)2]ATA, for which Kd was determined to be 5.0×10-6 mol/L by Beacon 2000 Analyzer, when ATA (Guest) = Adm-Trp-Arg-Arg-NH2 (Adm = 1-adamantanecarboxylic acid, Trp = tryptophan, Arg = arginine), where Kd is the dissociation constant in aqueous solution at 298 K.

Theoretical Study on the Inclusion Complex of β-Cyclodextrin and Nitrobenzene

Quantum chemical calculations were carried out to investigate the structures and properties for the inclusion complexes of nitrobenzene （NB） into β-cyclodextrin. Two low-energy conformations of β-cyclodextrin （A and B） in the gas phase were initially investigated by the PM3 and B3LYP/6-31＋G（d,p） calculations, respectively. Three different orientations were considered in the inclusion process of A and B with NB to form 1：1 complexes. Potential energy scan by PM3 calculations indicated that the phenyl orientation Ab for conformation A and the equator orientation Bc for conformation B are more favorable in energy, respectively. We also considered the 2：1 inclusion complexes of host A or B with guest NB in the gas phase. PM3 calculation indicated that the host-guest interaction energies to form 1：1 complexes are more negative than those to form 2：1 NB/B complexes. Finally, we studied the solvent effect of NB/CD complex, and PM3 results show that the influence of water molecules on the inclusion process is very important. The driving forces for the inclusion process and the geometries of complexes were discussed in detail.

Studies on Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex by Fluorescence Anisotropy

An equation for determining the equilibrium association constant (KA) of cyclodextrin inclusion complex with fluorescence anisotropy is derived and used to determine KA of pyrene-B-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. The existing forms of cyclodextrin inclusion complex in solution, the interaction type of host with guest, and the possibility of application of B-cyclodextrin in the analysis of metal ions using naphthalene derivative as a ligand are discussed based on the equation derived along with the curve of fluorescence anisotropy versus cyclodextrin concentration of guest/cyclodextrin system.

镁熔体净化技术的研究进展

镁作为新兴轻质材料在汽车、3C和航空航天领域的应用逐渐普及,伴随行业节能减排的要求提升以及材料行业的迭代更新,镁及其合金所涉及的产业领域将会进一步扩大。而镁及其合金在铸造与变形加工前,镁熔体纯净度会对其性能产生巨大影响,如熔体纯净度低会显著降低合金的抗拉强度、伸长率等力学性能,导致合金出现炸裂、破损现象。为此,镁熔体的高效除气除杂净化技术成为研究热点。镁熔体净化作为镁熔炼过程中的重要环节,一直是科研工作者不断改进优化的研究课题。本文在简要介绍镁熔体中夹杂物来源的基础上,归纳了适用于镁熔体的熔剂净化、无熔剂净化、复合净化法及其净化效果,且对真空蒸馏法净化镁熔体的相关研究进行了探讨,系统综述了镁熔体净化技术研究进展,展望了该技术的未来研究方向。

小茴香挥发油 β -环糊精包合物的制备、 表征及稳定性研究

目的:制备小茴香挥发油β-环糊精包合物并对其进行结构表征及稳定性研究。方法:以小茴香挥发油包合率、包合产率、包合物中反式茴香脑的含量建立综合评分指标,探究小茴香挥发油与β-环糊精比例、包合温度、包合时间对其的影响,设计正交试验优化制备工艺。通过扫描电镜(SEM)法、薄层色谱(TLC)法、傅立叶红外光谱(IR)法、差示扫描量热(DSC)法进行表征。最后采用光照、高温、高湿试验考察包合物稳定性。结果:由饱和水溶液法得到最佳条件为挥发油与β-环糊精比例1∶8(mL/g),包合温度40℃,包合时间60 min,该条件下小茴香挥发油包合物的包合率为96.90%,包合产率为93.61%,反式茴香脑含量为6.81%,综合评分为99.68;所得包合物为白色粉末,质地疏松,包合效果较好。经扫描电镜法、薄层色谱法、傅立叶红外光谱法、差示扫描量热法表征发现,包合物已经形成。其在光照(4000 lx)5 d内稳定性良好,高温(60℃)下包合物中挥发性成分容易流失,在相对湿度大于75%时会潮解结块,在光照时间较长,高温高湿的条件下,包合率和反式茴香脑含量明显降低。结论:最佳包合工艺的包合率、包合产率较高,工艺稳定。贮藏在常温干燥密封的环境下,小茴香挥发油β-环糊精包合物较小茴香挥发油稳定性良好。

β-环糊精/茶多酚包合物制备及其对涤纶织物的抗菌消臭性能

以具有空腔结构的β-环糊精(β-CD)为主体、天然抗菌剂茶多酚(TP)为客体,通过共沉淀法制备β-CD/TP包合物。利用红外光谱、广角X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜及差示扫描量热仪等对包合物的化学结构、相态结构、形态结构和热性能进行系统研究。通过单因素法研究包合比例、包合时间和溶液静置时间对TP包合率、产率及负载率的影响,结果表明:当β-CD与TP的包合比例为1∶1、包合时间为15 h、溶液静置时间为24 h时,包覆效果最优,包合物的产率为76.2%、包合率为29.2%、负载率为7.7%。通过化学接枝法制得具有良好抗菌消臭性能的β-CD/TP包合物/涤纶织物,当β-CD/TP包合物占织物质量的5%时,该织物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌的抑菌率分别达94.5%和92.6%,对氨气的消除率均可达99.9%。

基于LEO/β-CD的长效芳香功能皮革的研究

为提高芳香皮革的留香性能,以蓝湿革为原料皮,β-环糊精包合薰衣草香精(LEO/β-CD)为香料,以加香后皮革的刺激性气味强度、香气浓度、香气舒适度、柔软度等为评价指标,采用正交设计法对复鞣、加脂、套色工序的加香工艺进行优化,并考察在不同温度下的留香性能。结果表明,薰衣草芳香皮革的最佳制备工艺为:复鞣工序的LEO/β-CD添加量为0.1%,加脂工序用量0.5%,套色工序用量0.2%;该芳香皮革的留香性能远高于普通芳香皮革,可在常温下存放6个月。利用β-环糊精包合香料制备的芳香皮革具有长效留香性能,这为制备芳香功能皮革提供了一种新思路。

复方艾纳香提神醒脑缓释纳米微胶囊的制备和评价

应用环糊精包合技术,制备复方艾纳香纳米微胶囊缓释制剂,并对其进行评价。采用单因素实验优选复方艾纳香纳米微胶囊的制备工艺,并对其粒度及微观形态经行表征;通过纳米微胶囊保留率实验来评价复方艾纳香纳米微胶囊香水的缓释效果及负重游泳实验评价其提神醒脑功效。本研究制得的复方艾纳香纳米微胶囊分散均匀,粒径在838±80.52 nm,具有良好的缓释性能,能显著延长疲劳小鼠入睡时间。纳米微胶囊制备技术对复方精油具有良好的包合作用,可实现其缓慢释放,解决芳香性精油留香时间短等问题,可为醒神开窍,抗疲劳复方中药香水的开发提供新的思路。

Synthesis and Structure of the Inclusion Compound COF300-ALA

Background and Originality Content,Inclusion single crystals(IsCs)are characterized by the encapsulation of guest molecules within the crystal lattice of a host framework,resulting in,well-defined channels or cavities throughout the material. Host molecules can be broadly di.Videdinto wo main categories.i)The more widespreadgroup is unimolecular inclusion compounds where one host molecule interacts with one guest species.Familiar examples of this cate-gory include calixarenes,cyclodextrins,crown ethers,bai cavitands.cucurbituils,uoaciyclophanes,and various carcerands,ii) the other is multimoiecular inclusion caompounds where two or more host molecules are involved in forming cavities,channels,or layers in the crystal structure to accommodate guest molecules.Host molecules of,this kind include urea,choleic acis,Dianin's compound,etc.,and crystline porous materials such as metal-organic poliyhedrali and porous organic[18]cagesll are well-known examples.

A new approach to the synthesis of N-monosubstituted aniline and its derivatives viaβ-cyclodextrin host-guest complexes

A novel method for the synthesis of N-monosubstituted aniline and its derivatives via β-cyclodextrin （CD） host-guest complexes has been presented. The mild reaction gives the title compounds with high selectivity in good yields of 90-98%.

基于环糊精的抗肿瘤药物主客体递送系统研究进展

恶性肿瘤是威胁人类健康的重大疾病。开发安全高效的抗肿瘤药物及其递送系统是改善抗肿瘤药物疗效的重要保证。近年来,基于环糊精的抗肿瘤药物主客体递送系统受到了广泛关注。环糊精是通过淀粉酶解获得的环状低聚糖,具有外部亲水内部疏水的特殊结构,在基因治疗、免疫细胞治疗、免疫靶向治疗和化疗中均得到了广泛的应用。本综述主要总结了环糊精作为抗癌药物递送载体近10年的相关进展,同时对主客体递送系统在癌症治疗方面的机遇和挑战进行了展望和讨论。

环糊精包合物的制备及性能研究

环糊精包合物在生物医学和新型功能材料领域应用广泛.以叶酸和甲氨蝶呤为原料,采用超声辅助法对环糊精包裹研究,并通过高分辨质谱、核磁共振氢谱对包合物的结构进行表征.通过改变三者的量(叶酸/甲氨蝶呤:环糊精)计算包合物的包合率.当叶酸/甲氨蝶呤:环糊精的物质的量比为1∶1时,最佳包合率为96%.该研究对环糊精负载药物的合成具有参考意义.

发展竹林林下经济 做大做强竹业产业

竹产业是我国的传统产业、特色产业。但目前面临着竹资源利用低、产业竞争力不足、产业经济效益偏低、农户经营意愿不强等瓶颈制约。近年来,依托竹林及其多种资源发展起来的竹林林下经济迅速发展,模式不断创新,激活了农民的经营意愿,显著提高了竹林土地和空间资源利用率,实现了竹产业经济效益与生态功能协同发展,为破解竹产业制约瓶颈、推动竹产业高质量发展开辟了新领域、新路径。文章在阐述竹林林下经济内涵和类型的基础上,评述了竹林林下经济发展对竹产业的积极作用,提出了推动“大竹业经济”发展的对策建议。研究结果表明,竹林林下经济发展能丰富产品类型、适应市场多元化需求、提升林农经营积极性、提高竹林经营效益;更重要的是保护竹林生物多样性、维护竹林生态系统稳定,以保障竹产业可持续发展。