This work investigates an accident during the pyrochemical extraction of Uranium and Plutonium from PWR spent fuel in an argon atmosphere hot cell. In the accident, the heavy metals (U and Pu) being extracted are acci...This work investigates an accident during the pyrochemical extraction of Uranium and Plutonium from PWR spent fuel in an argon atmosphere hot cell. In the accident, the heavy metals (U and Pu) being extracted are accidently exposed to air from a leaky instrument penetration which goes through the cell walls. The extracted pin size pieces of U and Pu metal readily burn when exposed to air. Technicians perform the electrochemical extraction using manipulators through a 4 foot thick hot cell concrete wall which protects them from the radioactivity of the spent fuel. Four foot thick windows placed in the wall allow the technicians to visually control the manipulators. These windows would be exposed to the heat of the metal fire. This analysis determines if the thermal stress caused by the fire would crack the windows and if the heat would degrade the window seals allowing radioactivity to escape from the cell.展开更多
Hot plate forming using a cell-typed die is a process for forming a large thick plate with a spherical shape for the manufacture of a large spherical LNG tank.Cell-typed upper and lower dies made of a framework of ste...Hot plate forming using a cell-typed die is a process for forming a large thick plate with a spherical shape for the manufacture of a large spherical LNG tank.Cell-typed upper and lower dies made of a framework of steel plates fitted to make a grid pattern are used in this process,and an air-cooling device is separately installed inside the lower die.A finite element analysis (FEA) technique was developed,which included hot forming,air flow,cooling and thermal deformation analysis for the hot plate forming process using the cell-typed die.Further,the convective and interface heat transfer coefficients were used to reproduce analytically the effects of the cooling device in the hot plate forming analysis.A small-scale model test of the process was conducted to verify the FEA technique.The analysis results show that the curvature of the final plate agrees well with that of the designed experiment within a maximum relative error of 0.03% at the corner of the plate.展开更多
Along with maintaining immune competent cells, one of the purposes of cancer patient is regulating the first line of defense for survival. Moreover, the factors that influence the acquired immune activity are systemic...Along with maintaining immune competent cells, one of the purposes of cancer patient is regulating the first line of defense for survival. Moreover, the factors that influence the acquired immune activity are systemic metabolic disorder in diabetes, malnutrition, extreme exhaustion, stresses, aging and medical side effect such as chemotherapy. So we have to select appropriate menu to regulate immune function through leukocyte storage. Especially, NK cell is first line of defense against virus infected cell and/or tumor cell. In order to recommend the effect of hot spring hydrotherapy on the peripheral white blood cells as a parameter for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) within a short period, the granulocytes, lymphocytes, lymphocyte subsets in their peripheral blood were monitored. In the young group (35 or less), the number of granulocytes clearly decreased after hydrotherapy. In the older group (over 35 years old), the total number of leukocytes and lymphocytes significantly increased after the therapy. Using a FACScan, we investigated CD2, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD19 and CD56 positive cell as well as the cytokine containing cell, as direct assessment for immunological preparation (IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-1β). After hydrotherapy, the CD16+ cells also increased outstandingly. However, the CD19+ cells clearly decreased. Moreover, there was a decrease in the cytokine-producing cell count of subjects whose blood cells had a higher number of the cell level before. All of the results indicated that hot spring hydrotherapy could regulate the immune system even in normal human. Like this, blood hormonal level was measured in order to know the mechanism of the quantitative and qualitative, adjustment of the leucocytes becomes possible within a short term. As a result of measuring, 7 kinds of hormone including mainly adrenocortical hormones, adrenalin level reduced in constitution dependent manner. From these results, it was suggested that the quantitative and qualitative fluctuation of the leukocyte by the hydrotherapy is closely related to dynamics of blood hormonal level.展开更多
背景:近些年,肝脏类器官的发展使其成为国际肝病研究领域的热点,但目前仍未有文献对其进行文献计量学分析。目的:基于文献计量学与可视化分析探索近20年肝脏类器官的热点趋势。方法:从Web of Science(科学网,WOS)核心合集中检索2002-01-...背景:近些年,肝脏类器官的发展使其成为国际肝病研究领域的热点,但目前仍未有文献对其进行文献计量学分析。目的:基于文献计量学与可视化分析探索近20年肝脏类器官的热点趋势。方法:从Web of Science(科学网,WOS)核心合集中检索2002-01-01/2022-11-12肝脏类器官的相关文献,运行Origin、Office和CiteSpace软件进行文献计量与可视化分析,通过生成图表的方式来统计分析文献的年发文量、国家、机构、作者、期刊和关键词等内容。结果与结论:肝脏类器官研究领域近20年的发文量、被引频次、加入研究的机构和人员总体呈现上升趋势,说明该领域发展迅速关注度也逐渐升高。在该领域中,美国的发文量最多、影响力最强,虽然投入大量的时间与精力,但是在众多研究机构中美国单个研究机构的发文量并非最高;中国发文量仅次于美国,中国科学院和复旦大学是国内发文量最多的机构。荷兰乌得勒支大学是发文量最多的机构,发文量最高的作者是Clevers H,共引频次最高的文章是“Long-term culture of genome-stable bipotent stem cells from adult human liver”,分子学、生物学、免疫学是肝脏类器官研究的主流学科,出现次数最高的关键词包括stem cell(干细胞)、in vitro(体外)和culture(培养),肝脏类器官领域的研究热点主要集中在体外干细胞三维培养、分化及基因表达。展开更多
目的观察电针对缺血性脑卒中大鼠神经行为学及脑组织结构的影响,探讨电针通过调控NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3,NLRP3)炎性小体途径改善缺血性脑卒中大鼠神经功能的...目的观察电针对缺血性脑卒中大鼠神经行为学及脑组织结构的影响,探讨电针通过调控NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3,NLRP3)炎性小体途径改善缺血性脑卒中大鼠神经功能的机制。方法36只健康雄性SD大鼠采用随机数字表随机分为假手术组12只及手术组24只,手术组大鼠采用Longa等改良线栓法制备大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤(MCAO)模型。术后2 h行神经行为学评分,造模成功的大鼠再随机分为模型组及电针组。电针组予电针“曲池”“足三里”连续干预7 d,假手术组及模型组不做干预。干预完成后分别评估各组大鼠神经功能缺损情况,HE染色观察脑组织病理学变化,QPCR及Western blot法检测炎性小体相关蛋白NLRP3、ASC、Caspase-1的表达水平,ELISA检测各组大鼠血清IL-1β和IL-18炎性因子表达。结果与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠神经功能评分均显著提高,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01),脑组织缺血皮质区神经元胞体缩小变形,核固缩明显,大鼠脑组织缺血周围区炎性因子相关蛋白NLRP3、ASC、Caspase-1的mRNA及蛋白表达水平升高,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01),血清IL-1β和IL-18炎症因子表达增加,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01);经电针干预7 d后,电针组神经评分功能较模型组显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),所见的病理损伤减少;炎性小体相关蛋白NLRP3、ASC、Caspase-1的表达下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且电针下调了血清IL-1β和IL-18的表达,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论电针“曲池”“足三里”可减轻缺血性脑卒中大鼠神经功能缺损症状,减少脑组织病理损伤,下调NLRP3、ASC、Caspase-1表达水平,其机制可能与调控NLRP3炎性小体途径抗细胞焦亡,减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤有关。展开更多
The research on stem cell cultures has attracted much attention due to the recent development of regenerative medicine. Therefore, higher functionalities for devices used for culturing cells are strongly demanded. In ...The research on stem cell cultures has attracted much attention due to the recent development of regenerative medicine. Therefore, higher functionalities for devices used for culturing cells are strongly demanded. In this study, we fabricated cell culture sheets using transparent polyimide (PI), parylene (PA), and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) to make polymer materials that had microstructures. We then cultured stromal marrow cells (OP9) on them and investigated the cell alignment within the microstructures. Hot embossing was used to fabricate the microstructures with a width and depth of 5 μm on the polymer substrates. Cultivation of the cells was confirmed on the transparent PI and PA sheets, however, it was not observed on the PEEK sheet. Slight alignment of the cells was also observed along with the microstructures.展开更多
A novel type of n/i/i/p heterojunction solar cell with a-Si：H（15 nm）/a-Si：H（10 nm）/epitaxial c-Si（47 p.m）/epitaxial c-Si（3 um） structure is fabricated by using the layer transfer technique, and the emitter l...A novel type of n/i/i/p heterojunction solar cell with a-Si：H（15 nm）/a-Si：H（10 nm）/epitaxial c-Si（47 p.m）/epitaxial c-Si（3 um） structure is fabricated by using the layer transfer technique, and the emitter layer is deposited by hot wire chemical vapour deposition. The effect of the doping concentration of the emitter layer Sd （Sd=PH3/（PH3 ＋SiH4＋H2）） on the performance of the solar cell is studied by means of current density-voltage and external quantum efficiency. The results show that the conversion efficiency of the solar cell first increases to a maximum value and then decreases with Sd increasing from 0.1% to 0.4%. The best performance of the solar cell is obtained at Sd = 0.2% with an open circuit voltage of 534 mV, a short circuit current density of 23.35 mA/cm2, a fill factor of 63.3%, and a conversion efficiency of 7.9%.展开更多
Purpose:To reveal the research hotpots and relationship among three research hot topics in b iomedicine,namely CRISPR,iPS(induced Pluripotent Stem)cell and Synthetic biology.Design/methodology/approach:We set up their...Purpose:To reveal the research hotpots and relationship among three research hot topics in b iomedicine,namely CRISPR,iPS(induced Pluripotent Stem)cell and Synthetic biology.Design/methodology/approach:We set up their keyword co-occurrence networks with using three indicators and information visualization for metric analysis.Findings:The results reveal the main research hotspots in the three topics are different,but the overlapping keywords in the three topics indicate that they are mutually integrated and interacted each other.Research limitations:All analyses use keywords,without any other forms.Practical implications:We try to find the information distribution and structure of these three hot topics for revealing their research status and interactions,and for promoting biomedical developments.Originality/value:We chose the core keywords in three research hot topics in biomedicine by using h-index.展开更多
文摘This work investigates an accident during the pyrochemical extraction of Uranium and Plutonium from PWR spent fuel in an argon atmosphere hot cell. In the accident, the heavy metals (U and Pu) being extracted are accidently exposed to air from a leaky instrument penetration which goes through the cell walls. The extracted pin size pieces of U and Pu metal readily burn when exposed to air. Technicians perform the electrochemical extraction using manipulators through a 4 foot thick hot cell concrete wall which protects them from the radioactivity of the spent fuel. Four foot thick windows placed in the wall allow the technicians to visually control the manipulators. These windows would be exposed to the heat of the metal fire. This analysis determines if the thermal stress caused by the fire would crack the windows and if the heat would degrade the window seals allowing radioactivity to escape from the cell.
基金Project(2010-0008-277)supported by the NCRC(National Core Research Center)Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea,funded by the Ministry of Education,Science,and TechnologyProject supported by R&D for Technology Development Program of Ministry of Knowledge Economy,Korea
文摘Hot plate forming using a cell-typed die is a process for forming a large thick plate with a spherical shape for the manufacture of a large spherical LNG tank.Cell-typed upper and lower dies made of a framework of steel plates fitted to make a grid pattern are used in this process,and an air-cooling device is separately installed inside the lower die.A finite element analysis (FEA) technique was developed,which included hot forming,air flow,cooling and thermal deformation analysis for the hot plate forming process using the cell-typed die.Further,the convective and interface heat transfer coefficients were used to reproduce analytically the effects of the cooling device in the hot plate forming analysis.A small-scale model test of the process was conducted to verify the FEA technique.The analysis results show that the curvature of the final plate agrees well with that of the designed experiment within a maximum relative error of 0.03% at the corner of the plate.
文摘Along with maintaining immune competent cells, one of the purposes of cancer patient is regulating the first line of defense for survival. Moreover, the factors that influence the acquired immune activity are systemic metabolic disorder in diabetes, malnutrition, extreme exhaustion, stresses, aging and medical side effect such as chemotherapy. So we have to select appropriate menu to regulate immune function through leukocyte storage. Especially, NK cell is first line of defense against virus infected cell and/or tumor cell. In order to recommend the effect of hot spring hydrotherapy on the peripheral white blood cells as a parameter for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) within a short period, the granulocytes, lymphocytes, lymphocyte subsets in their peripheral blood were monitored. In the young group (35 or less), the number of granulocytes clearly decreased after hydrotherapy. In the older group (over 35 years old), the total number of leukocytes and lymphocytes significantly increased after the therapy. Using a FACScan, we investigated CD2, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD19 and CD56 positive cell as well as the cytokine containing cell, as direct assessment for immunological preparation (IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-1β). After hydrotherapy, the CD16+ cells also increased outstandingly. However, the CD19+ cells clearly decreased. Moreover, there was a decrease in the cytokine-producing cell count of subjects whose blood cells had a higher number of the cell level before. All of the results indicated that hot spring hydrotherapy could regulate the immune system even in normal human. Like this, blood hormonal level was measured in order to know the mechanism of the quantitative and qualitative, adjustment of the leucocytes becomes possible within a short term. As a result of measuring, 7 kinds of hormone including mainly adrenocortical hormones, adrenalin level reduced in constitution dependent manner. From these results, it was suggested that the quantitative and qualitative fluctuation of the leukocyte by the hydrotherapy is closely related to dynamics of blood hormonal level.
文摘背景:近些年,肝脏类器官的发展使其成为国际肝病研究领域的热点,但目前仍未有文献对其进行文献计量学分析。目的:基于文献计量学与可视化分析探索近20年肝脏类器官的热点趋势。方法:从Web of Science(科学网,WOS)核心合集中检索2002-01-01/2022-11-12肝脏类器官的相关文献,运行Origin、Office和CiteSpace软件进行文献计量与可视化分析,通过生成图表的方式来统计分析文献的年发文量、国家、机构、作者、期刊和关键词等内容。结果与结论:肝脏类器官研究领域近20年的发文量、被引频次、加入研究的机构和人员总体呈现上升趋势,说明该领域发展迅速关注度也逐渐升高。在该领域中,美国的发文量最多、影响力最强,虽然投入大量的时间与精力,但是在众多研究机构中美国单个研究机构的发文量并非最高;中国发文量仅次于美国,中国科学院和复旦大学是国内发文量最多的机构。荷兰乌得勒支大学是发文量最多的机构,发文量最高的作者是Clevers H,共引频次最高的文章是“Long-term culture of genome-stable bipotent stem cells from adult human liver”,分子学、生物学、免疫学是肝脏类器官研究的主流学科,出现次数最高的关键词包括stem cell(干细胞)、in vitro(体外)和culture(培养),肝脏类器官领域的研究热点主要集中在体外干细胞三维培养、分化及基因表达。
文摘The research on stem cell cultures has attracted much attention due to the recent development of regenerative medicine. Therefore, higher functionalities for devices used for culturing cells are strongly demanded. In this study, we fabricated cell culture sheets using transparent polyimide (PI), parylene (PA), and polyetheretherketone (PEEK) to make polymer materials that had microstructures. We then cultured stromal marrow cells (OP9) on them and investigated the cell alignment within the microstructures. Hot embossing was used to fabricate the microstructures with a width and depth of 5 μm on the polymer substrates. Cultivation of the cells was confirmed on the transparent PI and PA sheets, however, it was not observed on the PEEK sheet. Slight alignment of the cells was also observed along with the microstructures.
基金Project supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2006AA03Z219)the Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduate Education, China (Grant No. CXZZ11 0206)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China
文摘A novel type of n/i/i/p heterojunction solar cell with a-Si：H（15 nm）/a-Si：H（10 nm）/epitaxial c-Si（47 p.m）/epitaxial c-Si（3 um） structure is fabricated by using the layer transfer technique, and the emitter layer is deposited by hot wire chemical vapour deposition. The effect of the doping concentration of the emitter layer Sd （Sd=PH3/（PH3 ＋SiH4＋H2）） on the performance of the solar cell is studied by means of current density-voltage and external quantum efficiency. The results show that the conversion efficiency of the solar cell first increases to a maximum value and then decreases with Sd increasing from 0.1% to 0.4%. The best performance of the solar cell is obtained at Sd = 0.2% with an open circuit voltage of 534 mV, a short circuit current density of 23.35 mA/cm2, a fill factor of 63.3%, and a conversion efficiency of 7.9%.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant 71673131 for financial support
文摘Purpose:To reveal the research hotpots and relationship among three research hot topics in b iomedicine,namely CRISPR,iPS(induced Pluripotent Stem)cell and Synthetic biology.Design/methodology/approach:We set up their keyword co-occurrence networks with using three indicators and information visualization for metric analysis.Findings:The results reveal the main research hotspots in the three topics are different,but the overlapping keywords in the three topics indicate that they are mutually integrated and interacted each other.Research limitations:All analyses use keywords,without any other forms.Practical implications:We try to find the information distribution and structure of these three hot topics for revealing their research status and interactions,and for promoting biomedical developments.Originality/value:We chose the core keywords in three research hot topics in biomedicine by using h-index.
