Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings: New Opportunity for South-South Human Rights Development Overview of the First South-South Human Rights Forum

From December 7 to December 8, 2017, the State Council Information Office and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs jointly organized the first South-South Human Rights Forum in Beijing. With the topic of "Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings: New Opportunity for South-South Human Rights Development," participants conducted in-depth discussions on topics including "global human rights governance", "inclusive development and South-South human rights cooperation", "China and the SouthSouth cooperation", "right to education for the countries of the Global South" and "poverty reduction, right to food and right to health", which achieved great consensuses and yielded results. This Forum was the first time that countries of the Global South have jointly discussed human rights issues.

On All-round Development of Human Rights in China

In October 2003, the Third Plenary Session of the Sixteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China （CPC） called for adherence to ＂the outlook toward development based on the fundamental interests of the people, toward an all-round, balanced and sustainable development.＂ The session also proposed to the National People＇s Congress （NPC） that respect for and protection of human rights be written into the country＇s Constitution. And accordingly, the NPC adopted a decision to revise the Constitution the following year. The call and the proposal were inter-related. The call sets the guideline, the theoretical basis and the orientation for the development of human rights in China. The pro- posal subsequently resulted in a revision of-the Constitution, the fundamental state law, which came as a legal guarantee for respect for and protection of human rights. Then, the ＂task of promoting an all-round development of the human rights cause＂ was written down into the country＇s Eleventh Five-Year Program for National Economic and Social Development （2006-2010）, which was approved by the NPC in March 2006. This was the first time that the development of human rights was written into a national program for social development. This means that an even closer link has been forged between China＇s human rights cause on one hand and the country＇s political, economic, cultural and social welfare undertakings on the other, thus preparing China＇s human rights cause for faster and sustainable development. We are now safe to predict that in the future, there will be even more and better rights the Chinese people are able to enjoy.

Sustainable Urban Development Evaluation of Shanghai:An Ecological Wellbeing Performance Perspective

Against the backdrop of aggravating resource and environment restriction,it is an inevitable choice to adopt the sustainable development pattern to maximize social well-being within the ecological threshold.From the perspective of ecological well-being performance,ecological footprint per capita and human development index were selected to construct the evaluation index system for sustainable urban development,and DEA applied to calculate the input-output efficiency,so as to analyze the sustainable development level of Shanghai from 1999 to 2012.The results showed that①human development index,ecological footprint per capita of Shanghai grew in step with economic development,but ecological footprint per capita level exceeded the ecological carrying capacity,thus the overall ecological conditions remained in the state of worsening "deficit";②ecological well-being performance of Shanghai in most years remained in the DEA ineffective state,and the scale return had decreased gradually since 2005.In addition,the paper gave pertinent suggestions.

A Miracle of Human Development in China(1950-2030)

China has created an even more spectacular miracle in human development than in economic growth.From 1950 to 2015,China went through three stages of socio-economic development; the "extremely poor era",the "era of letting some people get rich first" and the "era of common prosperity",raising its human development to an increasingly higher level.With the world's fastestgrowing Human Development Index(HDI) during this period,China evolved from a very "low human development level" to a "high human development level".And it is expected to enter a new stage with a "very high human development level" around 2021.This human development miracle in China indicates that socialism with Chinese characteristics gains strength from being a major country and a late mover,as well as from its development path and socialist system.China,arguably contributing the most to the entirety of human development,can serve as a role model for developing countries and can lead the path for the all-round development of billions of people.

Research on the Virtuous Cycle Between the Right to Subsistence and the Right to Development

The right to subsistence and the right to development are the primary basic human rights,and there is a certain connection between the two.Although they refer to different things,they are mutually dependent and restricted.It is necessary to distinguish the right to development as a means and the right to development as an end.The former is the right to participate in,promote,and enjoy development,while the latter is the right of all people to enjoy free,comprehensive,and harmonious development.The protection of the right to subsistence and the right to development form an interacting virtuous cycle under certain conditions.The process of building a moderately prosperous society embodies this virtuous cycle.To build a modern socialist country in an all-round way,it is still necessary to keep on promoting the virtuous cycle between the right to subsistence and the right to development.

Development of the Principle of International Solidarity and the Contribution of China

International solidarity is a fundamental value upheld by the united nations as well as a principle of international law recognized by independent experts on human rights The values and principle of international solidarity have played an important role in promoting human rights, improving the international economic order, driving sustainable development, and tackling global challenges, and they have gained wide support from most developing countries As unilateralism and protectionism continue to spread, global governance and multilateral cooperation are under threat Against this background, the united nations calls for the spirit and principle of international solidarity and the promotion of solidarity rights, including the right to development, and encourages the countries to safeguard global public health through joint actions and to avoid discrimination The concept of a community with a shared future for human beings proposed by China embodies international cooperation, mutual learning and exchanges, and collective efforts to promote and safeguard human rights It has made a positive contribution to enriching and boosting the principle of international solidarity and demonstrated the wisdom and responsibility of China as a major country.

“五育融合”的发展历程、现实困境与实践对策

“五育融合”起源于中国近代国民教育改革、拯救民族存亡危机的思考,成熟于马克思主义教育理论的指导与中国特色社会主义教育实践不断改革与发展的过程。通过审视“五育融合”的教学现状发现,还存在低层化的教学目标、碎片化的教学方式、贫乏的知识内涵、单一的教学评价方式等困境。因此,在教育教学实践中,要确立崇高的教学目标、赋予知识丰富的育人内涵、实施大概念教学、建立科学的教学评价机制等。

由美而乐:人的发展视角下乡村旅游从业者审美幸福感研究

共产主义的终极目标是人的自由而全面发展,中国传统文化视域下的最高人生理想是超越功利的自然审美之境。审美,作为充实主体情感、激发生命活力和促进全面发展的感性存在,已然活跃于乡村旅游的现实情境。乡村旅游从业者若想自身抑或是使游客“观照神与美”,先需自身“似神而美”,其在审美意境中的幸福感知既表现为对日常生活审美化的肯定性感受,亦表现为理欲交融的审美愉悦。文章基于人的发展视角,依托认知神经美学与空间设计美学原理,以安徽西递、宏村为案例地,采用实地调研、扎根理论与回归分析等研究方法,探究旅游驱动下乡村旅游从业者审美诞生并向审美幸福感转变的过程和机制。研究发现:乡村旅游从业者审美表现为审美观念判断、审美体验感知与审美设计能力3个方面,且其审美诞生的关键因素是旅游情境中其内在认知方式的变化,即从一般认知模式转变为审美认知方式。乡村旅游从业者的审美幸福感主要源于空间美学设计的徽派协调性感知、元素多样性感知、徽派典型性感知和设计新颖性感知,且其审美幸福感的诞生有助于推动知、情、意相协调的人的自由而全面发展,从而检验旅游的人本价值与人的发展目标实现。

教育交往史:教育史研究新的生长点

教育交往史作为教育活动史的有机组成部分,理应成为教育史学的一个重要研究领域。教育交往史的提出,是基于历史唯物主义的理论引领,是顺应社会科学视野下移研究趋势的学术实践,也是丰富教育史学研究的有益探索。教育交往史研究的开展,将有益于教育史研究内容的不断丰富,进而便于在回溯与阐释中重建教育历史的阐释逻辑,在提炼与反思中提供当今教育变革的历史镜鉴。教育交往史研究是对教育主体为实现人的有价值发展而在教育过程中通过各种方式交往互动历史的探讨,主要包括志缘交往、业缘交往、学缘交往、趣缘交往、情缘交往、地缘交往、血缘交往等维度。当前,开展教育交往史研究,要树立问题意识,加大史料挖掘力度,拓宽理论参照广度,纵横延展研究领域。

《乡村振兴促进法》是实现全体人民共同富裕的根本法

《乡村振兴促进法》是全面推进和实施乡村振兴,实现全体人民共同富裕目标的行动规范,共同富裕的本质特征是全体人民共享美好生活。中国式现代化是实现共同富裕的目标指引,农业强国建设是实现共同富裕的稳固根基,推进共同富裕成为诠释执政党治国理政奋斗历程的最佳注解。劳动创造幸福是实现共同富裕的内生动力,绿色生活是实现共同富裕的发展模式,医养结合是实现共同富裕的民生保障,在共同富裕中推进人的全面发展是最佳的人权表达。提升公共安全治理水平是实现共同富裕目标的重要遵循,扩大社会公众参与范围是实现共同富裕目标的基本路径,完善政府绩效评估方式是实现共同富裕目标的有效监督。

马克思“人的自由全面发展”社会理想与中国式现代化实践

“人的自由全面发展”是马克思为社会主义、共产主义新型社会确立的最高社会发展价值目标。这一理论思想对于中国在新时代正确引领中国式现代化航程、推进实现中华民族伟大复兴的历史进程和创造人类文明形态,提供了重要的理论指导原则。通过系统梳理马克思这一不断深化的光辉思想的形成过程、理论表述和科学论证,强调“人的全面发展”“人的自由发展”和“每个人的发展”三个方面的整体不可分割性。中国式现代化把马克思的社会理想变为伟大实践,依据习近平新时代中国特色社会主义理论,论述了“社会主义”是实现人的自由全面发展目标道路自信的根本体现、“中国特色”是实现人的自由全面发展目标文化自信的根本体现、“新时代”是实现人的自由全面发展目标历史自信的根本体现。在新时代坚持这“三个自信”要求做到“三个推进”,即全面推进中国式现代化建设、全面推进美好生活奋斗目标的实现和全面推进人的自由全面发展的历史性进步。

新时代“完整的人”教育体系中的体育价值审思与路径

“完整的人”在教育语境中即德智体美劳全面发展的人。为各育的破壁发展,有机融合提供体育方案,贡献体育智慧,运用文献资料、逻辑分析法,梳理从新中国到新时代,体育的主流价值取向由强健体魄,劳动卫国;改革开放,服务发展;五育融合,全面育人的流变历程。审思新时代“完整的人”教育体系中的体育价值定位于健体、树德、促智、塑美、助劳的综合协同育人,同时价值实现面临目标定位困境、课程设置困境和教学实施困境。构建了立足体育价值新定位,更新学校体育目标体系;上升五育并举理论高度,加强体育课程建设;以体育课程为依据,推进体育教学改革;建立体育综合评价体系,重视反馈调控的发展路径。

中国式现代化的人学逻辑

新中国成立以来,中国共产党领导中国人民开启了中国式现代化的历史进程。中国式现代化不同于西方现代化,其中最核心的区别是中国式现代化以人为中心,而西方现代化以物为中心。以人为中心的中国式现代化蕴含着深刻的人学逻辑。具体来看,中国式现代化满足和发展人的各方面需要,并提升人的需要层次;中国式现代化在一定程度上消除人的异化,改善和提升人的存在状态;中国式现代化使人逐步摆脱自然界、社会关系、陈腐体制机制等束缚,促进人的自由。推进中国式现代化的过程,就是推进人的自由和全面发展的过程。

论共同富裕与人的全面发展的内在统一关系——基于马克思恩格斯的相关论述

共同富裕是共产主义社会的基本特征,人的自由全面发展是共产主义社会的本质,两者之间存在着紧密的逻辑关系。马克思恩格斯坚持人民主体地位,创立唯物史观,实现了社会历史研究的革命性变革,使共同富裕和人的全面发展成为科学构想。共同富裕与人的全面发展相互依存、相互促进。共同富裕是实现人的全面发展的基础,只有全体社会成员共同享有物质财富和精神财富,才能实现每一个人的全面发展。人的全面发展是实现共同富裕的动力,提高人的综合素质、促进人的全面发展是发展生产力进而实现共同富裕的动力源泉。人的全面发展和共同富裕都是共产主义的内在要求,都是共产党人肩负的伟大使命,要在相互促进中实现二者的内在统一。

“生存”还是“发展”——教育学文本中“To Be”含义的重新解读

《学会生存》是全球教育界颇有影响力的作品,被誉为当代教育思想发展里程碑式的著作。但是将"to be"译为"生存",笔者不敢苟同。因为纵览全书,该书所描述的是一种人类对存在意义的追寻,是从本体论角度讨论教育的目的和作用,而这并不仅仅是"生存"的问题。本文试图从本体论的角度重新探究"to be"的教育价值。

马克思主义人学理论视域下共享发展研究

共享发展作为新发展理念的重要内容,始终坚持以人民为中心的价值导向,是社会主义本质的体现。文章探究了马克思主义人学理论视域下共享发展的意蕴,为共享发展实践提供正确理论指导,使共享发展实践为实现人的本质、价值和全面发展服务。同时提出从推动生产力的高质量发展、完善相关法律法规制度建设、深化理论认识等路径出发推动共享发展实践,以更有利于人的全面发展目标的实现。

“五育融合”视域下的知识融通——从知识立场到生命立场

从“五育并举”走向“五育融合”是实现人的自由全面发展的必由之路,而知识融通是“五育融合”的基础。追溯历史,知识分化和教学知识学科化是知识逐渐遮蔽生命、知识逻辑取代生命发展逻辑的过程。因应人的全面发展需要,融通是知识进化的根本出路。知识融通作为“五育融合”之基础的理论逻辑体现为:“五育融合”是实现人的全面发展的前提,但“以知识为中心”的分科式知识组织方式阻碍着学习者生命的整全发展。因此,通过“以学习者为中心”的知识融通才能以“整全的知识”育“全面发展的人”。当前,人文知识的重组和教学重建成为知识融通的“试验田”,要坚持知识的生命立场,打破学科间知识边界、领域内知识固化和“唯知识”的教学评价,围绕生命主题开展知识融通,为实现“五育融合”和人的全面发展奠定基石。

对历史发展动力问题的探究

对历史发展动力的研究是哲学家亘古不变的课题,古代的哲学家普遍关注神和自然,大多忽视了人的价值和作用;近代以来的哲学家,都突出强调了人的地位和作用,康德还尤其重视人的理性,他们普遍认为“恶”是历史发展的动力,是人的邪恶欲望推动了历史的前进;马克思和恩格斯是对近代哲学家观点的总结和升华,他们指出生产力是社会发展的根本动力,并提出历史合力论这一观点,是对历史发展动力问题的一个比较完备的回答;西方马克思主义者结合时代背景,形成了人本主义和科学主义两大流派来解释历史发展的动力问题。

马克思精神生产理论的双重批判及其逻辑构建

资产阶级政治经济学家关于“生产性劳动”和“非生产性劳动”的划分,触及了资本主义劳资关系的本质,但混淆了劳动的社会形式与物质规定,因而未能发现“非生产性劳动”中精神生产的独特规律。以康德的先验主体和黑格尔的绝对主体为代表的德国主体哲学,讨论了精神主体自我生成的动力机制,为马克思有关人的主体能动性理论提供了思想来源。在批判继承前人成果基础上,马克思从“现实的人”出发,以生产劳动的社会历史性为逻辑起点,辩证分析精神生产与物质生产之关系,通过对“生产主义”劳动的批判和对自由劳动的揭示,指明了精神生产的最终目的是促进人的自由全面发展,构建了科学的精神生产理论。马克思关于精神生产的研究,对以“促进物的全面丰富和人的全面发展”为价值目标的中国式现代化,具有世界观和方法论上的指导意义。

中国式现代化视阈下实现人的全面发展的理论逻辑、历史逻辑和实践逻辑

中国共产党人在把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合的过程中,走出了一条富有中国特色的现代化发展道路。推进中国式现代化与实现人的全面发展本质上是一致的,中国式现代化的理论和实践丰富了马克思主义关于人的全面发展思想。就中国式现代化进程中实现人的全面发展问题而言,马克思主义人的全面发展理论是其理论逻辑,中国共产党对人的全面发展和中国式现代化的探索、推进和拓展是其历史逻辑,中国共产党在现代化建设领域为实现人的全面发展开辟的中国式现代化新道路和人类文明新形态是其实践逻辑。