We demonstrate the feasibility of performing a systematic screen for human gene functions in Drosophila by assaying for their ability to induce overexpression phenotypes. Over 1 500 transgenic fly lines corresponding ...We demonstrate the feasibility of performing a systematic screen for human gene functions in Drosophila by assaying for their ability to induce overexpression phenotypes. Over 1 500 transgenic fly lines corresponding to 236 human genes have been established. In all, 51 lines are capable of eliciting a phenotype suggesting that the human genes are functional. These heterologous genes are functionally relevant as we have found a similar mutant phenotype caused either by a dominant negative mutant form of the human ribosomal protein L8 gene or by RNAi downregulation of the Drosophila RPL8. Significantly, the Drosophila RPL8 mutant can be rescued by wild-type human RPL8. We also provide genetic evidence that Drosophila RPL8 is a new member of the insulin signaling pathway. In summary, the functions of many human genes appear to be highly conserved, and the ability to identify them in Drosophila represents a powerful genetic tool for large-scale analysis of human transcripts in vivo.展开更多
Aim： To investigate the possible functions of human sperm membrane protein （hSMP-1） in the process of fertilization. Methods： A 576-bp cDNA fragment of HSD-1 gene coding for the extracellular domain of hSMP-1 was ...Aim： To investigate the possible functions of human sperm membrane protein （hSMP-1） in the process of fertilization. Methods： A 576-bp cDNA fragment of HSD-1 gene coding for the extracellular domain of hSMP-1 was cloned and expressed. The localization of this protein on human and mouse sperm was determined by indirect immunofluorescent staining by using anti-recombinant hSMP-1 （anti-rhSMP-1） antibodies. Sperm acrosome reaction and spermzona pellucida （ZP） binding assay were carried out in 10-week-old BALB/c mice. Results： Recombinant hSMP-1 was successfully cloned and expressed. The expression of the native protein was limited on the acrosome of human and mouse sperm. Treatment of anti-rhSMP-1 antibodies significantly decreased the average number of sperms bound to each egg. Meanwhile, the percentage of acrosome reaction was decreased in comparison to pre-immune control after treatment with anti-rhSMP-1 （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The results suggest that anti-rhSMP-1 antibody inhibited mouse acrosome reaction and sperm-ZP binding.展开更多
目的:构建人类8型疱疹病毒(HHV-8)小衣壳蛋白(ORF65)基因重组原核表达质粒并诱导表达,获得其重组融合蛋白。方法:软件设计引物,在引物两端添加特异性酶切位点,以pGEM-Teasy/ORF65为模板,PCR扩增基因序列,克隆入原核表达载体pET-41a中,...目的:构建人类8型疱疹病毒(HHV-8)小衣壳蛋白(ORF65)基因重组原核表达质粒并诱导表达,获得其重组融合蛋白。方法:软件设计引物,在引物两端添加特异性酶切位点,以pGEM-Teasy/ORF65为模板,PCR扩增基因序列,克隆入原核表达载体pET-41a中,构建原核表达质粒pET41a-ORF65,转化大肠杆菌(E.coli)DH5x,经酶切、测序鉴定其插入序列的正确性,转入E.coli BL21(DE3),并诱导表达,采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)方法以及序列分析软件DNAMAN 5.0、Vector NTI Suite 6、Primer Primier 5对表达蛋白进行生物信息学分析。结果:测序结果表明所构建pET41a-ORF65原核表达质粒连接正确,SDS-PAGE表明ORF65基因获得成功表达,生物信息学分析显示该蛋白含有1个N糖基化位点,2个蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点,4个胆碱激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点,4个N肉豆蔻酰化位点,1个酰胺化位点。BlastP数据库的相似性检索发现有与之有较高同源性的蛋白。结论:成功表达HHV-8病毒小衣壳蛋白ORF65,该蛋白与疱疹病毒衣壳蛋白的同源性较高,是疱疹病毒衣壳蛋白家族中的一员。展开更多
AIM:Little has been known about the pathogenesis of non- erosive reflux disease(NERD).Recent studies have implicated interleukin 8(IL-8)in the development and progression of gastroesophgeal reflux disease(GERD).The pu...AIM:Little has been known about the pathogenesis of non- erosive reflux disease(NERD).Recent studies have implicated interleukin 8(IL-8)in the development and progression of gastroesophgeal reflux disease(GERD).The purpose of this study was to determine IL-8 RNA expression levels in NERD patients with or without subtle mucosal changes. METHODS:We studied 26 patients with NERD and 13 asymptomatic controls.Biopsy sample was taken from the esophagus 3 cm above the gastroesophageal junction and snap frozen for measurement of IL-8 mRNA levels by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR).We also examined mRNA expression of IL-8 receptors,CXCR-1 and -2 by reverse transcriptase PCR.The patients were endoscopically classified into grade M(mucosal color changes without visible mucosal break)and N(neither minimal involvement nor mucosal break)of the modified Los Angeles classification. RESULTS:The relative IL-8 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in esophageal mucosa of NERD patients than those in esophageal mucosa of the controls.There was a significant difference in IL-8 mRNA levels between grades M and N.The CXCR-1 and -2 mRNAs were constitutively expressed in esophageal mucosa.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that high IL-8 levels in esophageal mucosa may be involved in the pathogenesis of NERD through interaction with its receptors. NERD seems to be composed of a heterogeneous population in terms of not only endoscopically minimal involvement but also immune and inflammatory processes.展开更多
基金We are grateful to Xizhi Ma, Junnian Zhou, Tianhong Xu, Xu Liu, Xu Ding, Yang Liu, Ying Peng, Congwu Chi, Yiying Shang, Mingyao Ying, Sheng Ding, Lei Sun, Lei Tian, Huanhu Zhu, Hua Huang, Hongmei Li, and Xiaomo Wu for cDNA constructs and partial transgenic work, and Lihui Zhou （East China University of Science and Technology, China） for scanning electron microscopy. We thank Duc Nguyen （Yale University, USA） for critical reading and editing of this manuscript. This work is supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 30030080, 39970408 and 30470840）, National Basic Research Program of China （973） （Grant No. 2006CB806700）.
文摘We demonstrate the feasibility of performing a systematic screen for human gene functions in Drosophila by assaying for their ability to induce overexpression phenotypes. Over 1 500 transgenic fly lines corresponding to 236 human genes have been established. In all, 51 lines are capable of eliciting a phenotype suggesting that the human genes are functional. These heterologous genes are functionally relevant as we have found a similar mutant phenotype caused either by a dominant negative mutant form of the human ribosomal protein L8 gene or by RNAi downregulation of the Drosophila RPL8. Significantly, the Drosophila RPL8 mutant can be rescued by wild-type human RPL8. We also provide genetic evidence that Drosophila RPL8 is a new member of the insulin signaling pathway. In summary, the functions of many human genes appear to be highly conserved, and the ability to identify them in Drosophila represents a powerful genetic tool for large-scale analysis of human transcripts in vivo.
文摘Aim： To investigate the possible functions of human sperm membrane protein （hSMP-1） in the process of fertilization. Methods： A 576-bp cDNA fragment of HSD-1 gene coding for the extracellular domain of hSMP-1 was cloned and expressed. The localization of this protein on human and mouse sperm was determined by indirect immunofluorescent staining by using anti-recombinant hSMP-1 （anti-rhSMP-1） antibodies. Sperm acrosome reaction and spermzona pellucida （ZP） binding assay were carried out in 10-week-old BALB/c mice. Results： Recombinant hSMP-1 was successfully cloned and expressed. The expression of the native protein was limited on the acrosome of human and mouse sperm. Treatment of anti-rhSMP-1 antibodies significantly decreased the average number of sperms bound to each egg. Meanwhile, the percentage of acrosome reaction was decreased in comparison to pre-immune control after treatment with anti-rhSMP-1 （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： The results suggest that anti-rhSMP-1 antibody inhibited mouse acrosome reaction and sperm-ZP binding.
文摘目的:构建人类8型疱疹病毒(HHV-8)小衣壳蛋白(ORF65)基因重组原核表达质粒并诱导表达,获得其重组融合蛋白。方法:软件设计引物,在引物两端添加特异性酶切位点,以pGEM-Teasy/ORF65为模板,PCR扩增基因序列,克隆入原核表达载体pET-41a中,构建原核表达质粒pET41a-ORF65,转化大肠杆菌(E.coli)DH5x,经酶切、测序鉴定其插入序列的正确性,转入E.coli BL21(DE3),并诱导表达,采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)方法以及序列分析软件DNAMAN 5.0、Vector NTI Suite 6、Primer Primier 5对表达蛋白进行生物信息学分析。结果:测序结果表明所构建pET41a-ORF65原核表达质粒连接正确,SDS-PAGE表明ORF65基因获得成功表达,生物信息学分析显示该蛋白含有1个N糖基化位点,2个蛋白激酶C磷酸化位点,4个胆碱激酶Ⅱ磷酸化位点,4个N肉豆蔻酰化位点,1个酰胺化位点。BlastP数据库的相似性检索发现有与之有较高同源性的蛋白。结论:成功表达HHV-8病毒小衣壳蛋白ORF65,该蛋白与疱疹病毒衣壳蛋白的同源性较高,是疱疹病毒衣壳蛋白家族中的一员。
文摘AIM:Little has been known about the pathogenesis of non- erosive reflux disease(NERD).Recent studies have implicated interleukin 8(IL-8)in the development and progression of gastroesophgeal reflux disease(GERD).The purpose of this study was to determine IL-8 RNA expression levels in NERD patients with or without subtle mucosal changes. METHODS:We studied 26 patients with NERD and 13 asymptomatic controls.Biopsy sample was taken from the esophagus 3 cm above the gastroesophageal junction and snap frozen for measurement of IL-8 mRNA levels by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR).We also examined mRNA expression of IL-8 receptors,CXCR-1 and -2 by reverse transcriptase PCR.The patients were endoscopically classified into grade M(mucosal color changes without visible mucosal break)and N(neither minimal involvement nor mucosal break)of the modified Los Angeles classification. RESULTS:The relative IL-8 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in esophageal mucosa of NERD patients than those in esophageal mucosa of the controls.There was a significant difference in IL-8 mRNA levels between grades M and N.The CXCR-1 and -2 mRNAs were constitutively expressed in esophageal mucosa.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that high IL-8 levels in esophageal mucosa may be involved in the pathogenesis of NERD through interaction with its receptors. NERD seems to be composed of a heterogeneous population in terms of not only endoscopically minimal involvement but also immune and inflammatory processes.
