Effects of histamine on growth and apoptosis of human melanoma cells A375

Objective: To investigate the effects of histamine on growth and apoptosis of human melanoma cells A375. Methods: The effect of histamine on growth of A375 cells in vitro was examined by MTT assay and Trypan blue exclusion assay. Cell cycle analysis, early apoptosis analysis by double staining with Annexin V-FITC and PI, and active caspase-3 analysis by staining FITC-conjugated monoclonal rabbit anti-active caspase-3 antibody were made by flow cytometer. StreptAvidin-Biotin Complex (SABC) immunocytochemical assays were adopted to detect Bax/Bcl-2 protein expressions.Results: Histamine inhibited proliferation of A375 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and altered cell cycle distribution of A375 cells revealing an increase in G0/G1-phase population, a decrease in S-phase population and the inhibition of G1/S switching. Histamine induced apoptosis of A375 cells (P<0.05), elevated the cells population with detectable active caspase-3 (P<0.05), increased the number of cells forming Bax and decreased the number of cells forming Bcl-2 significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: That histamine inhibits cell cycle progress of A375 cells is one of the possible mechanisms of proliferation arrest of A375 cells elicited by histamine. Histamine mediates apoptosis in A375 cells that may be caspase-dependent through mitochondria routine. Histamine with high concentration inhibits growth of A375 cells in vitro by interfering proliferation and inducing apoptosis of cells.

Effect of luteolin on apoptosis and vascular endothelial growth factor in human choroidal melanoma cells

AIM:To investigate the effects of luteolin on apoptosis,the cell cycle,and the expression and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in human choroidal melanoma cells(C918 and OCM-1).METHODS:C918 and OCM-1 cells cultured in vitro were treated with various concentrations of luteolin(0,5,10,15μmol/L).Cell growth was observed with an inverted microscope,and cell cycle arrest was detected by propidium iodide(PI)staining using flow cytometry.Apoptosis was detected by Hoechst33342 staining,and apoptosis rate was determined by Annexin V-FITC/PI experiments using flow cytometry.The expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2,Bax and VEGF was analyzed using Western blots.The levels of VEGF secreted by the cells into the supernatant was analyzed using ELISA.RESULTS:After treating with 5 to 15μmol/L luteolin for 48 h,the fusion degree of C918 and OCM-1 cells decreased,and more floating apoptotic cells appeared.Luteolin treatment increased the G0-G1 phase ratio of the C918 and OCM-1 cells,blocked cell cycle progression,and increased the apoptosis rate of the C918 and OCM-1 cells.Western blot showed that luteolin decreased the expression of Bcl-2 and VEGF in the C918 and OCM-1 cells and increased the expression of Bax protein.The ELISA results showed that 10 to 15μmol/L luteolin decreased the cell secretion of VEGF.CONCLUSION:Luteolin may induce apoptosis by regulating the levels of apoptosis-related proteins in C918 and OCM-1 cells.Luteolin can induce cell cycle arrest,decrease the expression of VEGF.

ETM study of electroporation influence on cell morphology in human malignant melanoma and human primary gingival fibroblast cells

Objective:To estimate electroporation(EP) influence on malignant and normal cells.Methods: Two cell lines including human malignant melanoma(Me-43) and normal human gingival fibroblast(HCFs) were used.EP parameters were the following:230,1000,1 730,2 300 V/cm;30 μ s by 3 impulses for every case.The viability of cells after EP was estimated by MTT assay. The ullrastructural analysis was observed by transmission electron microscope(Zeiss EM 900). Results:In the current study we observed the intracellular effect following EP on Me-43 and HGF cells.At the conditions applied,we did not observe any significant damage of mitochondrial activity in both cell lines treated by EP.Conversely,we showed that EP in some conditions can stimulate cells to proliferation.Some changes induced by EP were only visible in electron microscopy.In fibroblast cells we observed significant changes in lower parameters of EP(230 and 1 000 V/cm).After applying higher electric field intensities(2 300 V/cm) we detected many vacuoles,myelin-like bodies and swallowed endoplasmic reticulum.In melanoma cells such strong pathological modifications after EP were not observed,in comparison with control cells. The ultrastructure of both treated cell lines was changed according to the applied parameters of EP.Conclusions:We can claim that EP conditions are cell line dependent.In terms of the intracellular morphology,human fibroblasts are more sensitive to electric field as compared with melanoma cells.Optimal conditions should be determined for each cell line.Summarizing our study,we can conclude that EP is not an invasive method for human normal and malignant cells. This technique can be safely applied in chemotherapy for delivering drugs into tumor cells.

Construction of Luffin A Immunotoxin and Its in vitro Inhibition Against Human Melanoma Cell M_(21)

1 Introduction In recent years, significant progress has been made in applying immunotoxin (IT)in the therapy of leukemia and marrow transplantation. By 1990, several ITs havebeen put into clinical trials under the permission of FDA (Foodand Drug Administration, USA).

Apoptotic Effect of Cryptotanshinone on Human Melanoma A375 Cells

[Objectives] The aim was to investigate the effect of cryptotanshinone on apoptosis of human melanoma A375 cells and its related mechanism of mitochondrial pathway.[Methods]The cytotoxic effect of cryptotanshinone on apoptosis of human melanoma A375 cells was detected by MTT colorimetry.The apoptosis of melanoma A375 cells was detected with Annexin V-FITC/PI and observed by fluorescence inverted microscope.The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was detected by Western blotting.[Results]The viability of the A375 cells decreased with the increase of drug concentration.The fluorescence intensity of the cells increased with the treatment time.The expression of pro-apoptotic protein caspase-3 gradually increased,while the expression of apoptosis-inhibiting proteins p-AKT and Bcl-2 gradually reduced.[Conclusions]Cryptotanshinone induces apoptosis of human melanoma A375 cells via AKT signaling pathway,thus exerting a good cytotoxic effect on A375 cells.

In-Vitro Inhibition of Human Melanoma (BLM) Cell Growth by Progesterone Receptor Antagonist RU-486 (Mifepristone)

RU-486 is an abortifacient which is used to terminate early pregnancy. It acts by blocking progesterone receptor. In our earlier study with progesterone, RU-486 was used as a progesterone receptor antagonist to find out the mechanism of progesterone action on melanoma cells. Results indicated that the effect of progesterone was not mediated through progesterone receptor. In the course of experiments, it was observed that RU-486 by itself inhibited mouse melanoma cell growth. Further research work with RU-486 showed a dose dependent inhibition of human melanoma cell growth. The mechanism of inhibition of cell growth was due to apoptosis and this effect of RU-486 was neither mediated through progesterone receptor nor glucocorticoid receptor. This in-vitro study suggested that melanoma also could be a target for RU-486 action, apart from breast, ovary and prostate cancers.

Human Multipotent Stem Cell Proteins Induce Apoptosis in Skin Cancer Cells

Unique characteristics in fetal development include scar-less wound healing and the paucity of tumor formation. Recent studies have demonstrated that the embryonic microenvironment can reverse melanoma cells to a benign melanocyte phenotype. We bioengineered embryonic-like compositions and tested the anti-cancer activity of this material on a panel of skin cancer lines. To simulate the embryonic environment, neonatal fibroblasts were grown in hypoxic suspension cultures. The cells reverted back into multipotent stem cells as evidenced by the upregulation of SOX2, Oct4, NANOG, and KLF4 genes, and by the expression of stem cell-associated proteins including Nodal, Brachyury, Nestin, and Oct4. Cell Conditioned Media (CCM) and human Extracellular Matrix Proteins (hECM) produced by these cells were tested for their ability to reduce cell viability in skin cancer cell lines. In vitro studies with CCM and hECM show reduction in Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) and melanoma cell number through upregulation of caspases and induction of apoptosis. In the chick allantoic membrane assay, melanoma load was reduced by up to 80% with hECM treatment compared to vehicle treated controls (p 0.05). Similar inhibition was seen with SCC cells. In a xenograft mouse model of subcutaneous melanoma, tumor growth was inhibited by 70% - 90%. These data suggest that CCM and hECM have anti tumor potential and might offer a new treatment strategy in skin cancer.

紫铆花素对人黑色素瘤细胞A375与人永生化角质形成细胞HaCaT共培养细胞生物学活性的影响

目的探讨紫铆花素对人黑色素瘤细胞A375与人永生化角质形成细胞HaCaT共培养细胞生物学活性的影响。方法建立A375细胞与HaCaT细胞的共培养细胞体系,实验分为对照组(等体积培养液),紫铆花素低、中、高剂量组(以下简称低、中、高剂量组,0.5,1.0,5.0μg/L)。采用四甲基偶氮噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞活性;采用流式细胞仪检测细胞的周期分布和线粒体膜电位;采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)法检测干细胞因子(SCF)和其受体c-Kit,以及小眼畸形相关转录因子(MITF)的mRNA表达水平;采用Western blot法检测细胞酪氨酸酶相关蛋白1,2(TRP-1,TRP-2)及SCF,c-Kit,MITF的蛋白表达水平。结果与对照组比较,中、高剂量组细胞的增殖率均显著升高(P<0.01);与对照组比较,各剂量组G0/G1期细胞比例均显著降低,S期和G_(2)/M期细胞比例均显著升高(P<0.01),高线粒体膜电位细胞比例均显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),SCF,c-Kit,MITF的mRNA表达水平及SCF,c-Kit,MITF,TRP-1,TRP-2的蛋白表达水平均显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论紫铆花素可能通过调节SCF,cKit,MITF的表达而影响A375细胞与HaCaT细胞共培养细胞的增殖、细胞周期和线粒体膜电位等细胞生物学活性。

Improving recognition of hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumor:Case report and literature review

A 58-year-old man presented with the chief complaint of abdominal bloating and was incidentally found to have a liver tumor.As diagnostic imaging studies could not rule out malignancy,the patient underwent partial resection of segment 3 of the liver.The lesion pathologically showed eosinophilic proliferation,in addition to immunohistochemical positivity for human melanoma black 45 and Melan-A,thereby leading to the diagnosis of a hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumor(PEComa).A PEComa arising from the liver is relatively rare.Moreover,the name ‘PEComa' has not yet been widely recognized,and the same disease entity has been called epithelioid angiomyolipoma(EAML),further diminishing the recognition of PEComa.In addition,PEComa imaging findings mimic those of malignant liver tumors,and clinically,this tumor tends to enlarge.Therefore,a PEComa is difficult to diagnose.We conducted a systematic review of PEComa and EAML cases and discuss the results,including findings useful for differentiating perivascular epithelioid cell tumors from malignant liver tumors.

质子辐射对人恶性黑色素瘤A375细胞的DNA损伤影响研究

为研究质子辐射对人恶性黑色素瘤的杀伤效应,本研究利用北京HI-13串列加速器提供的15 MeV质子,以0、1、2、4、8 Gy剂量辐照A375细胞,以细胞克隆术和流式细胞术检测A375细胞的克隆形成率、周期阻滞及凋亡率,用免疫荧光法检测2 Gy辐照后细胞的γH2AX焦点数,并与相同条件下的γ射线辐射对比。结果表明,在1~8 Gy剂量下,随着剂量的增加,A375细胞的存活率下降,在4~8 Gy剂量下,细胞的存活率明显低于γ射线。辐照后12 h,细胞G2/M期阻滞随剂量的增加而增加,质子辐射诱导的周期阻滞强于γ射线;辐照后48 h,γ射线诱导的细胞周期阻滞已基本解除,但质子诱导的细胞周期阻滞除1 Gy外,2~8 Gy均未完全解除。辐射诱导的细胞凋亡随照射剂量的增加而增加,随着时间的延长,凋亡比例有所增加,且质子诱导的细胞凋亡率高于γ射线。辐照2 Gy后,γ射线和质子诱导的γH2AX焦点峰值均在照后1 h出现,质子辐射诱导的γH2AX焦点数和大小均高于γ射线。以上结果表明,质子辐射可有效杀伤恶性黑色素瘤A375细胞,在黑色素瘤治疗中有潜在应用价值。

木犀草素对脉络膜恶性黑色素瘤细胞的影响

为探讨木犀草素调节Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对人脉络膜恶性黑色素瘤细胞(MuM-2C)凋亡、迁移和侵袭的影响,采用CCK 8法测定0,5,10,15,20,25μmol/L浓度木犀草素处理24 h后的MuM-2C活力,以筛选合适的药物作用浓度.将体外培养的MuM-2C随机分为3组:对照组、木犀草素组及木犀草素+氯化锂组,木犀草素组以15μmol/L木犀草素处理,木犀草素+氯化锂组以15μmol/L木犀草素和10μmol/L的氯化锂联合处理.采用流式细胞技术和Hoechst 33258染色检测MuM-2C的凋亡情况,采用划痕实验和Transwell实验检测各组MuM-2C的迁移、侵袭情况,采用免疫荧光检测各组MuM-2C中凋亡蛋白BAX与BCL-2表达,采用免疫印记检测各组MuM-2C中EMT标志蛋白(E-cadherin,N-cadherin,Vimentin)和Wnt/β-catenin信号相关蛋白(Wnt1,β-catenin)表达,结果表明:不同剂量木犀草素均可抑制MuM-2C生长,并在一定范围内随剂量升高而作用增强;与对照组比较,木犀草素组细胞核形态固缩而大小不一,着色不均匀,部分呈现明亮的蓝色荧光,表现为明显的凋亡病理现象,细胞凋亡率、细胞BAX/BCL-2比值与E-cadherin蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.05),细胞迁移率与侵袭数、细胞蛋白(N-cadherin,Vimentin,Wnt1,β-catenin)表达显著降低(P<0.05);与木犀草素组比较,木犀草素+氯化锂组细胞核的凋亡病理现象明显减轻,细胞凋亡率、细胞BAX/BCL-2比值与E-cadherin蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.05),细胞迁移率与侵袭数、细胞蛋白(N-cadherin,Vimentin,Wnt1,β-catenin)表达显著升高(P<0.05).说明木犀草素可通过抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号途径传导而降低MuM-2C活力,促进其凋亡,并抑制其迁移和侵袭.

黑色素瘤缺失因子2通过调控MMP9表达影响滋养细胞的迁移能力

目的:探讨黑色素瘤缺失因子2(AIM2)通过调控基质金属蛋白酶的表达水平,从而影响滋养细胞的迁移参与反复自然流产可能的发生机制。方法:采用Real-Time PCR和Western blot技术检测21例反复自然流产患者胎盘组织中AIM2的表达水平,同时以30例正常胎盘组织为对照组。采用激动剂poly(dA:dT)刺激滋养细胞系HTR-8/SVneo,通过Real-Time PCR和Western Blot检测滋养细胞中AIM2、基质金属蛋白酶2(MMP2)和基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP9)基因和蛋白的表达情况。随后,利用小干扰RNA技术基因沉默AIM2,Western blot、明胶酶谱和细胞划痕实验进一步研究抑制AIM2对MMP9表达和滋养细胞迁移能力的影响。结果:反复自然流产患者胎盘组织中AIM2的表达水平显著低于正常对照组(P<0.001),poly(dA:dT)可显著激活HTR-8/SVneo细胞中AIM2、MMP9 mRNA和蛋白上调表达,而基因沉默AIM2后,滋养细胞MMP9的表达水平、明胶水解能力以及细胞迁移能力均显著降低(P<0.001)。结论:滋养细胞中AIM2的下调表达可引起MMP9表达水平降低,从而导致滋养细胞迁移能力下降,与反复自然流产发生具有较高的相关性。

裸鼠皮下人恶性黑色素瘤在纳秒脉冲电场下的凋亡机制

为研究ns脉冲电场(nsPEF)治疗在体肿瘤的生物电效应机制,以接种人黑色素瘤细胞A375的BALB/c裸鼠为研究对象,采用电压幅值为4kV、脉冲宽度为200ns、重复频率为1Hz的脉冲电场进行处理。用凝胶电泳法检测脉冲处理后的DNA Ladder分布情况表明,与对照组相比,处理组有明显阶梯状分布,即细胞发生凋亡。用TUNEL法检测肿瘤组织的凋亡情况表明,处理组表现出较高凋亡率(检验水准P<0.01)。用Western blot法和免疫组织化学方法检测脉冲处理后肿瘤组织中促凋亡蛋白Bax、凋亡抑制蛋白Bcl-2的表达量情况,2者共同表明,与对照组相比,处理组Bax表达量显著升高(P<0.01),而Bcl-2表达量明显降低(P<0.01)。实验结果揭示nsPEF通过Bax、Bcl-2基因调控作用来诱导肿瘤凋亡。

纳秒脉冲电场治疗裸鼠皮下人恶性黑色素瘤模型的长期效应

为研究ns脉冲电场(nsPEF)对在体肿瘤的长期杀伤效应,以接种人恶性黑色素瘤A375细胞的BALB/c裸鼠为研究对象,采用电压幅值为4kV、脉冲宽度为200ns、重复频率为1Hz的ns脉冲电场进行治疗。肉眼观察结果表明,瘤体随时间推移而逐渐消褪直至消失,且皮肤恢复完好,原位瘤在平均2周时间内完全消失;瘤体生长抑制情况检测结果表明,与对照组相比,治疗组裸鼠肿瘤体积明显缩小(检验水准P<0.05),随着生存时间延长,对照组和治疗组肿瘤生长速度差别增大;荷瘤裸鼠的存活率-时间关系研究结果表明,ns脉冲电场治疗后26d时间内,对照组裸鼠全部死亡,而治疗组裸鼠存活率高达100%。实验结果表明ns脉冲电场能有效抑制肿瘤组织的生长,并可大大提高荷瘤BALB/c裸鼠的长期存活率。

全反式维A酸、阿维A和他扎罗汀对人黑色素瘤细胞A375凋亡和Bax/Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响及意义

目的探讨全反式维A酸(ATRA)、阿维A及他扎罗汀对人黑色素瘤细胞A375凋亡及Bax/Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响及其意义。方法采用体外培养和流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡(AnnexinV-PI法),SABC免疫细胞化学方法检测细胞Bax/Bcl-2蛋白表达情况。结果浓度均为10-5mol/L的ATRA、阿维A及他扎罗汀能不同程度地诱导了人黑色素瘤细胞A375凋亡,其中阿维A作用最为显著,凋亡率13.42%,明显高于对照组、ATRA及他扎罗汀组(均P<0.05);其次为ATRA(5.03%,明显高于对照组及他扎罗汀组,P<0.05)和他扎罗汀组(凋亡率2.88%)。3种维A酸亦使A375细胞Bax蛋白阳性表达增强而Bcl-2蛋白阳性表达减弱(P<0.05),其中阿维A作用最强,其次为ATRA和他扎罗汀。结论维A酸促进A375细胞凋亡可能部分通过以线粒体为核心的凋亡途径。阿维A可能是防治黑色素瘤的有效药物。

β-榄香烯诱导人黑色素瘤A375细胞凋亡的研究

β-榄香烯是我国自主开发的二类非细胞毒性抗肿瘤药物,具有广谱、高效、低毒等优点,对肝癌、肺癌等多种恶性肿瘤均有较好的治疗效果,但对人皮肤肿瘤的研究尚无报道。基于此,就β-榄香烯对人恶性黑色素瘤A375细胞的抗肿瘤活性展开研究,发现β-榄香烯能够显著抑制A375细胞增殖(P<0.01),并在一定范围内呈浓度和时间依赖性,主要表现为β-榄香烯能够诱导细胞发生凋亡。进一步对相关凋亡蛋白进行Western-blot检测,发现β-榄香烯通过抑制细胞内AKT信号通路途径,调控Bcl-2家族蛋白,降低Bcl-2的表达,显著增加Bad的表达量,并激活部分caspase系列蛋白质的剪切活化,从而抑制A375细胞增殖,诱导细胞凋亡。

慢病毒介导shRNA沉默巢蛋白表达对人黑色素瘤细胞转移特性的影响

目的应用慢病毒介导的RNA干扰技术,有效沉默黑色素瘤细胞株UACC903巢蛋白(nestin)的表达,研究其对黑色素瘤细胞转移能力的影响。方法以人nestin mRNA编码序列作为干扰靶点,以慢病毒基因PLL3.7作为质粒载体,构建靶向人nestin的shRNA表达质粒,另构建不针对任何已知mRNA的阴性对照shRNA表达质粒,分别感染UACC903细胞并流式分选获得高纯度的nestin干扰或对照组细胞。应用RT-PCR、免疫荧光及Western blotting检测不同组别nestin表达的变化。分别用Transwell侵袭试验检测跨膜细胞的数量评估各组黑色素瘤细胞的侵袭能力,划痕法检测迁移能力改变。光镜观察各组细胞形态变化,免疫荧光检测E-cadherin、N-cadherin和β-catenin在不同组别的表达变化。结果成功构建nestin shRNA慢病毒载体nestin-RNAi-LV。RT-PCR及免疫荧光结果显示干扰组UACC903细胞nestin mRNA及蛋白表达水平较对照组显著降低。nestin下调的UACC903细胞黏附、侵袭及迁移能力下降(P<0.05)。结论慢病毒介导的shRNA能有效地静默食管癌细胞nestin基因的表达,能抑制黑色素瘤细胞UACC903迁移。

赤芍总苷对人黑色素瘤细胞株凋亡诱导的作用机制

目的观察赤芍总苷(TPG)对人黑色素瘤A375细胞凋亡的影响并探讨其机制。方法将12.5、25、50、100、200 mg/L TPG分别加入体外培养的黑色素瘤细胞,对照组加等量生理盐水,孵育24、48 h后MTT测定细胞生长抑制率;25 mg/L TPG孵育细胞48 h,收集细胞,FCM测定细胞凋亡率;RT-PCR和Western blot分别测定Caspase-3、Bcl-2、Bax、Fas、FasL mRNA和蛋白的表达水平。结果 TPG抑制A375细胞生长作用明显,25 mg/L TPG孵育黑色素瘤细胞48 h后,细胞凋亡率增高,Caspase-3、Bax、Fas、FasL mRNA和蛋白表达也明显升高,Bcl-2 mRNA和蛋白表达水平下降,Bcl-2/Bax比值显著降低(均P<0.05)。结论 TPG可诱导黑色素瘤肿瘤细胞凋亡,其机制与上调Caspase-3、Fas和FasL表达水平,下调Bcl-2,降低Bcl-2/Bax比值密切相关。

ns脉冲电场诱导裸小鼠皮下人黑色素移植瘤凋亡

为研究ns脉冲电场对在体肿瘤的诱导凋亡效应,以接种人黑色素瘤细胞A375的BALB/c裸小鼠为对象,采用电场强度20kV/cm、脉冲宽度300ns的脉冲电场处理后,抑瘤效应宏观观察到肿瘤组织的生长受到显著抑制(P<0.01),透射电子显微镜观察到典型的凋亡细胞超微结构形态,免疫荧光染色法定性检测到caspase-3蛋白表达明显增强,用RT-PCR方法定量检测到caspase-3 mRNA表达明显增强(P<0.01)。实验结果证实了ns脉冲电场能有效抑制在体肿瘤组织生长,机制在于其通过活化肿瘤细胞caspase-3蛋白酶而诱导肿瘤细胞调亡,为ns脉冲电场治疗肿瘤提供了依据。

甘草素通过调控miRNA抑制人黑色素瘤A375细胞的侵袭转移

目的 :探讨甘草素对人黑色素瘤A375细胞侵袭转移的抑制作用及与miRNA相关调控机制。方法 :不同浓度甘草素处理24 h后,采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法测定细胞存活情况,确定甘草素对细胞无毒作用剂量;通过划痕试验和Transwell小室迁移、侵袭试验分别观察细胞的非定向迁移力和定向迁移侵袭力;miRNA芯片筛选差异表达的miRNA,q PCR方法验证hsa-miR-4534和hsa-miR-4487的下调表达;Western blot检测PTEN、p-AKT、AKT、MMP2和TIMP2蛋白表达。结果:10~100μmol/L剂量甘草素处理A375细胞24 h对细胞无明显损伤作用,划痕试验、Transwell小室迁移试验、侵袭试验显示甘草素能抑制A375细胞侵袭转移;甘草素可下调hsa-miR-4534和hsa-miR-4487的表达,上调PTEN、TIMP2表达水平,降低p-AKT、MMP2的表达水平。结论:甘草素通过下调hsa-miR-4534和hsa-miR-4487表达,进而上调PTEN和TIMP2靶基因的表达水平,阻碍p-AKT信号通路并降低MMP2蛋白表达,从而发挥抑制人黑色素瘤A375细胞侵袭和转移的作用。