Human Rights-based Argumentation in Climate Change Lawsuits

Climate change lawsuits represented by strategic litigation have become a new force to promote global climate governance. Among them, using the norms and theories of human rights law to present litigation claims, conduct legal reasoning, and form human rights-based argumentation has been one of the most successful strategies for climate change lawsuits. The Paris Agreement marked a major watershed for human rights-based argumentation in climate change lawsuits: Before the signing of the Agreement, human rights-based argumentation in climate change lawsuits remained in its trial stage;since the signing of the Paris Agreement, as a litigation strategy, it has become more flexible and diversified, as its relationship with climate governance is becoming increasingly complicated. The uncertainty of climate legal obligation and the process of legalization of climate targets have fostered new dimensions for human rights-based argumentation: Shifting from an accountability logic to a litigation strategy, from international law to domestic law, from holding governments accountable to holding enterprises accountable. There are micro, medium, and macro paths to clarify the human rights-based argumentation, all leading to truly integrating human rights perspectives and ideas into a nation’s specific process of climate governance and valuing and leveraging the value of human rights-based argumentation as a tool, so as to achieve the goal of climate governance.

Rights-based Approach to Journalism in Turkey

Rights-based approach to journalism aims to enable media to pursue the violations of rights by reporting them as news and, in this way, to preserve and ameliorate the rights as well as to contribute democratization. Rights-based approach to journalism in Turkey is a pretty new field of study for the researchers who study media. The examples of rights-based journalism appeared further especially in European Union membership process. Thus, the news that are sensitive to rights have found a broader place in media. In the process of E.U. membership, Turkey was required to carry out some regulations that target the betterment of human rights, women＇s rights, children＇s rights and minority rights. Making news from a rights-based perspective is an action for the announcement of people＇s struggle for their rights to the public with the aim of preventing the violations of rights.

Low-carbon Landscape Construction Approaches Based on Human Behavior

After the analysis of connotations of human behavior and low-carbon landscape,according to relevant theories of behavioral science and psychology,the internal relation between behavior and lowcarbon landscape has been discussed.They relate to,interact on and are the precondition of each other.Reasonable landscape environment has carried people's expectation for nature,and different landscapes give people different feelings and present to be of different behavior features.Finally,the paper has proposed constructing low-carbon landscape in the perspective of landscape design idea,design methods,construction process and later management,providing a theoretical basis for advocating energy saving and environmental protection,and creating green ecology.

An Unconventional Model of Poverty Alleviation Directed by the Human Rights Approaches:based on an Observation of the Targeted Poverty Alleviation Policy and Its Practice in Weixian County of Hebei Province

Against the background that poverty alleviation is increasingly linked to the human rights-based approach in the international community,an issue arises concerning how to assess the targeted poverty alleviation strategy in China from a human rights perspective.The human rights-based approach emphasiz connecting poverty alleviation with those rights recognized in international human rights conventions,with a focus on the notion of multi-dimensional poverty and the empowerment and accountability in the process of poverty alleviation.The targeted poverty alleviation in China embodies the notion of capability poverty and adopts a multi-dimensional poverty alleviation strategy.The principles of empowerment and accountability have also been implemented to a large extent.All of the elements existing in the targeted poverty alleviation model such as super political will,government dominance,targeted implementation and unconventional mobilization are critical to ensuring the eventual success of poverty alleviation and human rights protection therein.Generally speaking,some deficiencies in respect of empowerment and rule of law in targeted poverty alleviation will not hinder the overall effectiveness of poverty alleviation.Nevertheless,it will be very helpful to reinforce the empowerment and rule of law in order to insure the fairness and sustainability in poverty alleviation,especially in the inevitable transition from an unconventional model ofp overty alleviation to a conventional one in future.

Health and Economic Impacts of Air Pollution in China: A Comparison of the General Equilibrium Approach and Human Capital Approach

In China, combustion of fossil fuels and biomass has produced serious air pollution that does harm to human health. Based on dose-response relationships derived from epidemiological studies, the authors calculated the number of deaths and people with health problems which were thought to be attributable to China＇s air pollution in the year of 2000. In order to estimate the corresponding economic impacts from the national point of view, the general equilibrium approach was selected as an analysis tool for this study. A computable general equilibrium （CGE） model was constructed involving 39 sectors and 32 commodities. The human capital approach （HCA） was also used for comparison. The economic burden of disease for people estimated by HCA was equivalent to 1.26‰ （ranging from 0.44‰ to 1.84‰） of China＇s gross domestic product （GDP）. China＇s GDP loss estimated by the general equilibrium approach reached 0.38‰ （ranging from 0.16‰ to 0.51‰）. The difference between the two approaches and the implications of the results were discussed.

Characteristics and Protection Approaches of Human Settlement in Ancient Villages of Jiangxi: A Case Study of Ancient Dongyuan Zengs' Village

Ancient village as a precious historical and cultural heritage of China is hailed as the "eco-museum" of classical folk cultures and "living fossil" of rural history culture. This paper elaborated human settlement characteristics of ancient Dongyuan Zengs' Village, Jinxi County from the perspectives of village environment, history evolution, village layout and village building, and explored the substantial content of village human settlement protection, and proposed specifi c approaches of protecting the human settlement, such as ancient village layout, history and culture, and provided references for protecting human settlement of the ancient villages.

Scientific Approach to Development and Human Rights

The Third Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China （CPC） in October 2003 put forward a scientific approach of people-centered, all-round, coordinated and sustainable development and made it a strategy for governing the country, putting it in command of all economic and social development. Since reform and opening up in 1978, China has persisted in the central task of economic development and put development in the first place. The evolution of the concept ＂development is the hard truth＂ to ＂development is a task of first importance in governing the country and invigorating the Chinese nation＂ and to the establishment of the scientific development approach reflects the deepening and growing command of the laws governing China＇s economic and social development.

Evaluation of Physiological Responses to Human Approach Manner in Pet Dogs

We used eye-surface temperature and heart rate as simple, noninvasive physiological indices to evaluate dogs’ responses to an approaching person. Thirteen healthy pet dogs (49.62 ± 31.42 months;19.28 ± 11.46 kg) were recruited as subjects to investigate physiological responses to approach. We set up two types of approach (smiling and expressionless) by familiar or unfamiliar people of either sex, and all tests were recorded by video cameras. Eye temperature was measured with an infrared thermal camera image, and the dog was equipped with a heart-rate monitor during testing. There were temporal changes in heart rate, and response time differed between HR and eye temperature. Although it may be the one which has to control both a background of the dogs or observational environment, and the response time of each parameter needs to be considered, these two parameters should be useful for non-invasive monitoring of physiological states in dogs in various practical animal situations.

Humanistic Approach Features and Its Using in Foreign Language Teaching

By explaining the meaning of"Humanism"and how it influenced the foreign language teaching, this essay discusses about the basic features of the Humanism Approach as well as what we should pay attention to when using this approach in practical foreign language teaching.

采用社会约束自适应动态窗口法的服务机器人路径规划

针对传统动态窗口法在行人密集环境下动态路径规划存在灵活性差、效率低、安全性缺乏等问题,提出一种社会交互空间下基于社会约束自适应动态窗口法(social_DWA),并采用其解决服务机器人局部路径规划问题。首先,采用非对称高斯公式对单行人以及多人群组交互空间进行模型化描述;其次,在传统动态窗口法的基础上,采用动态行人方位角约束对动态行人进行避让;改进距离评价函数,分类决策与行人、多人群组、一般障碍物的安全距离;最后,提出速度权重自适应调整策略,优化服务机器人在途经不同密集度社会交互区域时的移动速度。为验证算法有效性,在两种模拟社会场景下,先后开展了social_DWA算法与传统DWA算法、FIDWA算法的路径规划仿真对比实验。结果表明:采用social_DWA算法所消耗的运动时间在场景1中较传统DWA和FIDWA算法分别缩短了1.53、0.43 s,在场景2中较传统DWA和FIDWA算法分别缩短了26.3、2.86 s;相较于传统DWA算法和FIDWA算法,social_DWA算法能保持有效的行人安全距离,并使运行轨迹更加合理。social_DWA算法在行人避让、环境适应能力等方面具有一定的优越性。

Estimating the severity levels of road traffic crashes in Bahrain with crash costs estimated with different approaches

An important issue in analyzing accident blackspots is the estimation of severity levels of different types of accidents.This study aims to estimate the severity level of accidents in Bahrain using crash costs.These crash costs were calculated by the Human Capital Approach(HCA)and total reported costs from the victims.The data was collected from the General Directorate of Traffic,insurance companies,Ministry of Works(MoW)and Ministry of Health.It was found,from the survey responses,that there was no significant effect of victim characteristics on the total cost of the accidents.The severity levels were found to be higher than those found in previous literature or adopted by local authorities which could be attributed to the economic conditions of Bahrain.Moreover,the weights found by both approaches were different from each other.Therefore,it is recommended to use the HCA approach due to its comprehensive calculations involving future costs.

中国式现代化的形态建构、动力要素与实践进路——以人与自然和谐共生为分析视角

中国式现代化是中国共产党立足人类文明和现代化发展规律,坚持把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合的重大成果,超越了西方现代化道路与模式。文本以人与自然和谐共生为视角展开对中国式现代化的形态建构,从政治领导力量、文化因素、经济因素、制度因素和技术因素等方面探讨实现中国式现代化的动力要素;指出中国式现代化的推进始终坚持中国共产党领导,坚持中国特色社会主义,坚持以人民为中心的发展思想,坚持人与自然和谐共生,走生态文明发展的现代化新道路,追求“五个文明”相协调和全体人民共同富裕的价值目标,既为后发国家独立自主实现现代化提供了全新选择,又创造出人类文明新形态。

汉语乡土语言英译的人本路径——兼论《汉语乡土语言英译行为批评研究》

新时期中国文学和文化的对外传播离不开翻译的独特作用,作为中国乡土文学外译的重要组成部分,汉语乡土语言及其翻译活动逐渐受到学界关注,但目前该领域相关研究较为零散,缺乏系统性的理论思考和应用探索。针对此现状,本文结合周领顺等著《汉语乡土语言英译行为批评研究》中所使用的译者行为批评理论与汉语乡土语言英译实践素材,从研究对象的厘定、研究方法的应用、研究思路的确立以及研究结论的归纳四个方面探索汉语乡土语言翻译研究的人本路径,为中国乡土文学外译活动及研究提供镜鉴。

人与自然和谐共生:马克思生态文化观的时代回响

人与自然和谐共生是社会主义生态文明的核心理念与价值诉求,是马克思生态文化观在新时代的理论创新与生动实践。基于生态世界观、生态批判观、生态重建观三重论域,马克思揭示出自然与社会辩证交互、双向建构的对象性关联,在历史与价值维度上阐明自然异化的深层成因,探寻人与自然双重解放的整体性变革路径。马克思的生态文化观拓展了感性-人化-历史贯穿融合的生态哲学视野,确立了哲学-经济学视域复合统一的生态批判范式,指明人-社会-自然协同发展的生态治理路径,树立起科学与人文交融互构的思想航标。

人工智能将会“抢走”谁的工作?——异质劳动者的就业替代风险

人工智能及控制设备在生产中的应用,对劳动者就业具有替代效应。当前国内研究大多以职业的人工智能替代风险作为测算对象,较少直接关注异质劳动者的人工智能就业替代风险。本文基于工作任务方法,利用中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)数据,选取劳动者个人特征、工作任务和从事职业特征三方面输入变量,运用机器学习模型测算每一劳动者个体的替代概率。依据个人特征将劳动者划分为12个异质性群体,对比分析异质劳动者群体的就业替代风险。结果表明:(1)我国处于低、中、高替代风险等级的劳动者份额依次为52.9%、24.2%和22.8%;(2)“使用互联网”工作任务、所从事职业的“学历要求”和“培训要求”三个变量对劳动者的替代风险影响较大;(3)受教育程度低的劳动者群体的平均替代概率较高,其中处于23~35岁劳动者的替代概率最低;(4)职业流动是化解劳动力市场总体替代风险的有效途径,但其效用对劳动者个体是非对称的;(5)部分高风险劳动者的替代风险倾向于固化,需警惕其替代风险转化为失业风险。

平行药物系统:基于大语言模型和三类人的框架与方法

近年来,随着物联网、大语言模型、多模态交互等新一代人工智能技术的迅猛发展,传统的药物研发、生产加工等过程面临着智能化转型的挑战。为此,以平行智能为理念,基于ACP方法和大语言模型提出了虚实交互的平行药物系统,并将三类人(数字人、机器人和生物人)的概念引入系统中,详细阐述了该系统的理论框架与构建方法。平行药物系统涵盖医药产业的全流程,药物研发阶段考虑了药物发现、实验室研究、临床试验等过程;药物生产加工阶段考虑了制药工厂运行、系统分析预测等方面;药物医疗保健阶段考虑了个性化用药咨询、增强现实用药指导、隐私安全等内容。平行药物系统打造了一个数字化的“药物空间”,旨在建立药物系统的新范式,推动智能化药物的革命。

党建引领临床医学人文建设的价值、方向和实践路径探析

党建引领是临床医学人文建设保持正确方向的保障和创新发展的动力源泉。必须牢牢把握“六个必须坚持”,把握好习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的世界观和方法论,为临床医学人文建设提供理论、方法和方向指引,同时通过政治引领、思想引领、组织引领、制度保障和双融双促,完善临床医学人文建设机制,涵养临床医学人文情怀,建强临床医学人文工作队伍,健全临床医学人文制度体系,创新临床医学人文建设模式,以高质量党建引领临床医学人文建设高质量发展。

平行音乐:大模型时代的人机混合音乐创演

随着声音艺术等垂直领域基础模型的迅速发展,人工智能与音乐创作表演呈现愈发融合的趋势。面向音乐创演的流程与需求,提出新型音乐创演框架——平行音乐系统,该系统基于平行系统理论与人工社会、计算实验和平行执行方法,通过模拟真实世界的音乐创演环境,构建高度逼真的虚拟音乐创演场景,在虚拟和真实音乐系统间实现实时无缝交互,设计大模型时代音乐创演的人工系统、计算实验、平行执行各环节技术路线,形成由自然人、数字人、机器人组成的人机混合音乐创演团队。阐述了平行音乐的理论框架和关键技术,分析其在现代音乐领域中的创新意义和潜在价值,并探讨了平行音乐在乐曲生成和音乐治疗等场景中的应用案例。旨在利用大模型时代的人工智能技术赋能传统音乐创作路径,推动音乐创演的技术革新进程,释放音乐家的艺术创新潜力,以期为新时代音乐创演提供新视角与启发。

医院人力资源管理信息化建设的实践途径探究

在医院人力资源管理工作过程中,信息化建设具有重要意义。但在当前阶段的人力资源管理工作中,所采取的管理方式相对传统,无法体现出信息化管理的优势。因此,医院需要全面加强信息化建设,有效树立人力资源信息化管理理念,提供资金、技术等方面的支持,实现人力资源管理和信息技术的融合,培养优秀的信息化管理人才,从而加快信息化建设步伐,提高医院人力资源管理水平。本文针对医院人力资源管理的信息化建设展开分析,探讨了信息化建设的重要意义,并提出具体的实践途径,以期为相关研究人员提供参考。

马克思主义人学理论视域下共享发展研究

共享发展作为新发展理念的重要内容,始终坚持以人民为中心的价值导向,是社会主义本质的体现。文章探究了马克思主义人学理论视域下共享发展的意蕴,为共享发展实践提供正确理论指导,使共享发展实践为实现人的本质、价值和全面发展服务。同时提出从推动生产力的高质量发展、完善相关法律法规制度建设、深化理论认识等路径出发推动共享发展实践,以更有利于人的全面发展目标的实现。