Based on the flood affected area （FA） data of the provinces in China from 1950 to 2005, the article discusses the change of the flood patterns in China, and investigates its relationship with climate change and huma...Based on the flood affected area （FA） data of the provinces in China from 1950 to 2005, the article discusses the change of the flood patterns in China, and investigates its relationship with climate change and human activities. The flood center shifted from North China and the Yangtze-Huaihe basin in the 1950s towards the south, north and west of China, and located in the south of the Yangtze River and South China after the 1990s. The FA in the western provinces was continuously on the rise since the 1950s. There are two characteristics for the future flood pattem in China. The pattern of ＂flood in the south and drought in the north＂ depends on the north-south shift of the maximum rainfall region in eastern China. The flood intensification to the west of Hu Huanyong＇s line mainly results from the increase of rainfall, extreme precipitation and the melting of glaciers under the background of human activity magnification.展开更多
Introduction:Arid area is an important base for human settlement,however,long and drastic human activities have altered the drainage patterns in the arid watersheds significantly,causing serious ecological consequence...Introduction:Arid area is an important base for human settlement,however,long and drastic human activities have altered the drainage patterns in the arid watersheds significantly,causing serious ecological consequences.This study,through a case study of the Minqin Basin,a microcosm of the artificial oases in the arid northwest China,used the multitypes of data to recover the spatial distribution of human settlement and drainage patterns during historical period and analyze the relationship between them over the past 2000 years.Outcomes:Before the Han Dynasty(121 BC),the utilization of water resources in the Minqin Basin was in the primitive stage and the drainage pattern maintained the natural state.From the Han(121 BC-220)to the Wei-Jin Dynasties(220-316),the utilization of water resources intensified unprecedentedly,but the natural shape of the river systems was still maintained.In the following 1,000 years or so,the drainage pattern was in the state of“following its own course”due to the small human population.In the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644),with the alteration of the main rivers,the water resource utilization increased obviously,but the human reclamations were mainly confined to the southern part of the basin.In the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911),the reclamation of the Liulin Lake area significantly changed the drainage patterns,resulted in the drastically northward expansion of human settlement.Since the foundation of the People’s Republic of China(PRC)in 1949,the artificial water system completely replaced the natural water system and intensified the ecological problems in the basin.Discussion:The changes over the past 2000 years show the drastic impacts of human activities on the alterations of the drainage patterns and related ecological problems in the arid Northwest China.Conclusion:Rehabilitation of such ecological impairments requires both ecological restoration projects and changes in human paradigm and behavior over multiple temporal and spatial scales.展开更多
During 1980s, China experienced an unprecedented settlement development which wastriggered by a major change of policies. lmplication of this development in the overall nationalsocio-economic development has been prof...During 1980s, China experienced an unprecedented settlement development which wastriggered by a major change of policies. lmplication of this development in the overall nationalsocio-economic development has been profound and lasting. It is no exaggeration to say that thesuccess of this settlement development has been playing an incomparable role in keeping the so-cial, political and economic stability of our country in the past volatile decade. The author of this paper has an intention to present readers with essentialmatter-of-facts about this development through the use of statistics and figures; to dis-cuss the reasons or momemturns including reforms and innovations that promoted therealization of this development; to explore issues relating to further development.展开更多
基金funded by the key program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.40730635)Commonweal and Specialized Program for Scientific Research,Ministry of Water Resources of China (Grant No.2007011024)
文摘Based on the flood affected area （FA） data of the provinces in China from 1950 to 2005, the article discusses the change of the flood patterns in China, and investigates its relationship with climate change and human activities. The flood center shifted from North China and the Yangtze-Huaihe basin in the 1950s towards the south, north and west of China, and located in the south of the Yangtze River and South China after the 1990s. The FA in the western provinces was continuously on the rise since the 1950s. There are two characteristics for the future flood pattem in China. The pattern of ＂flood in the south and drought in the north＂ depends on the north-south shift of the maximum rainfall region in eastern China. The flood intensification to the west of Hu Huanyong＇s line mainly results from the increase of rainfall, extreme precipitation and the melting of glaciers under the background of human activity magnification.
基金This study was partially supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC Grants:41471163,41530752,91025010,and 40401060).
文摘Introduction:Arid area is an important base for human settlement,however,long and drastic human activities have altered the drainage patterns in the arid watersheds significantly,causing serious ecological consequences.This study,through a case study of the Minqin Basin,a microcosm of the artificial oases in the arid northwest China,used the multitypes of data to recover the spatial distribution of human settlement and drainage patterns during historical period and analyze the relationship between them over the past 2000 years.Outcomes:Before the Han Dynasty(121 BC),the utilization of water resources in the Minqin Basin was in the primitive stage and the drainage pattern maintained the natural state.From the Han(121 BC-220)to the Wei-Jin Dynasties(220-316),the utilization of water resources intensified unprecedentedly,but the natural shape of the river systems was still maintained.In the following 1,000 years or so,the drainage pattern was in the state of“following its own course”due to the small human population.In the Ming Dynasty(1368-1644),with the alteration of the main rivers,the water resource utilization increased obviously,but the human reclamations were mainly confined to the southern part of the basin.In the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911),the reclamation of the Liulin Lake area significantly changed the drainage patterns,resulted in the drastically northward expansion of human settlement.Since the foundation of the People’s Republic of China(PRC)in 1949,the artificial water system completely replaced the natural water system and intensified the ecological problems in the basin.Discussion:The changes over the past 2000 years show the drastic impacts of human activities on the alterations of the drainage patterns and related ecological problems in the arid Northwest China.Conclusion:Rehabilitation of such ecological impairments requires both ecological restoration projects and changes in human paradigm and behavior over multiple temporal and spatial scales.
文摘During 1980s, China experienced an unprecedented settlement development which wastriggered by a major change of policies. lmplication of this development in the overall nationalsocio-economic development has been profound and lasting. It is no exaggeration to say that thesuccess of this settlement development has been playing an incomparable role in keeping the so-cial, political and economic stability of our country in the past volatile decade. The author of this paper has an intention to present readers with essentialmatter-of-facts about this development through the use of statistics and figures; to dis-cuss the reasons or momemturns including reforms and innovations that promoted therealization of this development; to explore issues relating to further development.
