Pioneering a New Realm of Human Rights Civilization in the Chinese Path to Modernization——An Overview of the Symposium on“The Chinese Path to Modernization and the Promotion of Free and Comprehensive Human Development”

On October 14,2023,a symposium themed“The Chinese Path to Modernization and the Promotion of Free and Comprehensive Human Development”was held in Changchun,Jilin Province,China.More than fifty experts,scholars,and researchers from national institutions and universities engaged in discussions and exchanges on human rights on the Chinese path to modernization,including the path,practice,knowledge systems,and civilization forms of human rights.This symposium played a significant role in advancing the construction of the disciplinary system,academic system,and discourse system of human rights in China.

Viewing Chinese modernization and Its Requirements for Human Rights Protection from the Perspective of Human Development

Modernization,as a specific stage in the historical development of human society,possesses a multi-layered composite structure,with each layer playing both a promoting and inhibiting role in human development and dignity simultaneously.Chinese modernization is a strategic choice made based on lessons learned from various experiences of modernization processes in other countries,reflecting judgments on the benefits and choices on the values of human development and dignity in modernization.It values the promotion of the free and well-rounded development of all individuals as its standard,demanding the full realization of the positive effects of modernization on human development and the overcoming of its negative effects.Human rights,aiming to promote the free and well-rounded development of every person as the ultimate value goal,are not only an intrinsic structural element of the modernization stage but also a social normative tool that restrains the direction of modernization development,aligning closely with the values pursued by Chinese modernization.Chinese modernization poses dual requirements for human rights protection:on the one hand,it demands the affirmation and promotion of the positive effects of modernization on human development and dignity through human rights standards,and on the other hand,it requires the prevention and mitigation of the negative effects of modernization on human development and dignity through human rights standards.There exists a certain tension between these two dimensions,necessitating an appropriate balance and thereby presenting corresponding requirements for China’s approach to human rights protection.

A Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings in the Vision of Modernization of Global Governance: China's Expression and Practice

The human rights cause in the world still faces structural challenges and crises, the factor of which including scarcity of living material resources, global environmental crisis and global terrorism. However, the existing global governance model and governance pattern have made it difficult to deal effectively with the above structural challenges and crises facing the development of human rights in the world. Therefore, it’s necessary to advance and modernize global governance. In order to realize these ends, the Chinese government presents the ideal of a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings as the modernization of global governance and the Belt and Road Initiative as the proper project for this process of modernization. It calls on all countries to work hand in hand and work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind so as to realize the modernization of global governance and hence the comprehensive development of human beings.

On the Relationship Between Human Rights Protection and the Modernization of State Governance

The protection of human rights inherently related to modern state-governance. On the one hand, human rights protection is the foundation and criteria for modern state-governance, characterized by democracy, rule of law and civility, with human rights as a cross-cutting theme in all these elements. On the other hand, human rights protection provides conditions and motives for modernizing state governance. Human rights are pursued as a fundamental value in modern state-governance. Human rights protection is also a driving force for good governance and a touchstone for the modernity of governance.

Human Rights Protection in the Modernization of China's State Governance

In China, the development of human rights is an inherent part of good governance, as reflected in the following: Firstly, people are able to participate in social and public administration through exercising their 'democratic rights' under the constitution. Secondly, citizens' fundamental human rights and other civil rights are protected by law. Thirdly, people's rights to know and to express are expanding. Fourthly, the Chinese government is responsive to people's demands, ready to accept their supervision, and is doing its best to improve their living standard. To modernize governance, China must adhere to human rights principles by guaranteeing people's rights to participation, to information and to supervision, and by protecting the fundamental rights of the disadvantaged.

The Justification Logic of Human Rights in Chinese Modernization

As the fruits and symbols of human civilization, human rights are pursued by people all over the world. Respecting and protecting human rights is the basic spirit of modern civilization, so it is something inherent in the concept of modernization. Chinese modernization is socialist modernization pursued under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. It contains elements common to the modernization processes of all countries, but it is more characterized by features unique to the Chinese context. It is a new path to modernization and creates a new model for human advancement. on the road to promoting Chinese modernization, China cultivated innovative human rights jurisprudence, constructed an optimized human rights system, opened up a developmental human rights approach, established a harmonious human rights relationship, and continuously promoted the well-rounded development of the people. China created a theoretical,institutional, and practical paradigm for respecting and protecting human rights that follows the principle of universal human rights and suits the local conditions, opening up a new realm of human rights civilization of mankind. The successful promotion and expansion of Chinese modernization have justified that China has found a path of human rights development that conforms to the trend of the times and suits its national conditions. The modernization of more than 1.4 billion Chinese people, a number larger than the total population of all developed countries in the world today, and the new path of human rights development will change the basic pattern of human rights development in the world and profoundly influence the process and trend of human rights civilization of mankind.

Boost the Modernization of Human Rights Protection Systems and Endeavor to Fulfill the Chinese Dream——An Address at the Opening Ceremony of the 7th Beijing Forum on Human Rights, Sept. 17, 2014

This session of the Forum has the theme, “The Chinese Dream： New Progress in the Cause of Human Rights in China.” This theme concentrates on such important subtopics as “The Chinese Dream and Human Rights” ,

One-step cell biomanufacturing platform:porous gelatin microcarrier beads promote human embryonic stem cell-derived midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cell differentiation in vitro and survival after transplantation in vivo

Numerous studies have shown that cell replacement therapy can replenish lost cells and rebuild neural circuitry in animal models of Parkinson’s disease.Transplantation of midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cells is a promising treatment for Parkinson’s disease.However,transplanted cells can be injured by mechanical damage during handling and by changes in the transplantation niche.Here,we developed a one-step biomanufacturing platform that uses small-aperture gelatin microcarriers to produce beads carrying midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cells.These beads allow midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cell differentiation and cryopreservation without digestion,effectively maintaining axonal integrity in vitro.Importantly,midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cell bead grafts showed increased survival and only mild immunoreactivity in vivo compared with suspended midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cell grafts.Overall,our findings show that these midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cell beads enhance the effectiveness of neuronal cell transplantation.

The Historical Position and Value Dimensions of Human Rights Civilization

Human beings are the mainstay and the ultimate goal of civilization.The history of human civilization is a continuous struggle to realize the respect,liberation,protection,and development of humanity.Human rights are an achievement of humanity and a symbol of progress,and the human rights civilization is an important component of human civilization.Understanding and interpreting human rights from the perspective of human rights civilization means that human rights are not only a concept or an idea but also a grand historical and long-term social practice.Up to now,the development of human rights civilization has roughly experienced four awakening eras:initialization,revolution,popularization,and globalization.In terms of its value dimensions,it has the characteristics of progressiveness,diversity,commonality,inclusiveness,indivisibility,openness,and so on.The historical position of human rights civilization and the development of its value dimensions have shown to the world that human rights are the common wealth of humanity,and human rights belong to all mankind;human rights are historical,concrete,and developmental;the concept of human rights is constantly evolving,and its connotations and categories are constantly expanding;achieving the free and well-rounded development of every person is the highest value realm of human rights civilization.The Chinese modernization endows Chinese civilization with modern strength and opens up new horizons for human rights civilization.The new pattern of human rights civilization to be created by Chinese modernization not only possesses the common characteristics of human rights civilization but also enjoys Chinese characteristics based on its own national conditions,enriching and developing the diversity of human rights civilization for all mankind.

Exploring the role of N-acetyltransferases in diseases:a focus on N-acetyltransferase 9 in neurodegeneration

Acetyltransferases,required to transfer an acetyl group on protein are highly conserved proteins that play a crucial role in development and disease.Protein acetylation is a common post-translational modification pivotal to basic cellular processes.Close to 80%-90%of proteins are acetylated during translation,which is an irreversible process that affects protein structure,function,life,and localization.In this review,we have discussed the various N-acetyltransferases present in humans,their function,and how they might play a role in diseases.Furthermore,we have focused on N-acetyltransferase 9 and its role in microtubule stability.We have shed light on how N-acetyltransferase 9 and acetylation of proteins can potentially play a role in neurodegenerative diseases.We have specifically discussed the N-acetyltransferase 9-acetylation independent function and regulation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling and microtubule stability during development and neurodegeneration.

Modern Bioethics and Human Rights

Ⅰ Since the late 1940s, the ethical studies aimed at safeguarding human dignity to life and health security in the fields of medical and life sciences have witnessed rapid development. The main domains in this regard include the studies of medical ethics, which involve ethical issues concerning the purposes, missions, subjects, technical means, doctor-patient relations in clinical treatments and making of public health policies centering around medical activities; and the studies of bioethics, which touch upon a variety of ethical issues cropping up along with the progress and intervention of bio technologies with regard to human life and its cycles, from human reproduction, medical care, human experiments till the end of the life. In addition, there are also studies of eco-

Preservation of Human Rights as the Basis and Objective of a Modern State Governance System

A good state governance system, which features democracy, scientific decision-making, efficiency, civility and rule of law, is indispensable for realizing the Chinese Dream. As both the foundation and the objective of a good governance system, human rights protection should be integrated in all the processes of building a modern governance system. Adherence to public law in administration should be guaranteed in this connection.

The Modernization of State Governance Will Promote Protection of Civil and Political Rights

The modernization of state governance and innovation in governing measures will strengthen the protection of human rights in China, including civil and political rights. Firstly, legal control over public power will reduce arbitrary restrictions on civil rights. Secondly, public participation in policy-making will provide more opportunities for citizens to exercise their political rights. Thirdly, governing by law will better guarantee equal protection of law for all people. Fourthly, an effective accountability mechanism will reinforce people's right of supervision. Lastly, innovation in governing measures will help identify and satisfy citizens' demands.

Returning Women's Rights to Human Rights——Reflection of feminism in modern China

The women＇s liberation movement in China started after the first opium war and it took shape with the aim of protecting the race and salvaging the country. Doubtlessly, the emergence of modern feminism opened the precedent in the theory of women＇s liberation in China and exerted a profound and far-reaching influence on women＇s liberation afterwards. But we must face up to the fact that there was some traps or misunderstanding of modern feminism, which were unfavorable for realizing women＇s rights and such influence was long, so much so that till today we are still seeing its existence. It is, therefore, necessary to have a full reflection of modem feminism, unveil the original meaning of women＇s rights and make women＇s rights return to human rights in order to make the development of women＇s fights continue.

Three Development Stages for the Tibetan Family and Tibet's Modernization——A Survey of Social Changes in Tibet in Last 50 Years

I Since 1990, as a person in charge of key research projects of the China Tibetology Research Center, I have had opportunities almost every year to conduct field surveys on anthropology in Tibet together with my colleagues. Our investigations focus on the family. The purpose of our surveys is to see social changes in Tibet during the 50 years after the Democratic Reform through the study of the family as a social cell.

The Application of Modern Art Techniques in T.S. Eliot's The Waste Land

The literature in 20th century is mainly characterized by irrationalism presented in modernism. Under the background, this paper aims to explore how Eliot attempts to use modern art techniques in The Waste Land to reveal a real life to readers.

Human Carrying Capacity of Rangeland Resources in China′s Mountain Areas

Based on analysis of the development potential of rangeland resources in China＇s mountain areas, the paper makes analysis and forecast in human carrying capacity of rangeland resources. It provides some reference for drawing up the development strategy in mountain areas.

The Struggle for Human Betterment as A theme in Mary(Shelly's) Frankenstein

Men struggle for human betterment for over thousands of years.In Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein,there are many heroes who struggle for human betterment,such as Frankenstein,the Modern Prometheus,Walton,and even the monster,etc.The better we live today the higher aims we want to reach in the future.In this Gothic novel,Mary Shelley shows her idea of the creation of life and the consequence of it.Some of her descriptions reflect her opinion.

On the Self-portrait of Modern Men in T.S. Eliot's Prufrock

T.S.Eliot,a great American poet in the twentieth century,is a spokesman of the Imagist Movement.He emphasizes describing the rotten Western civilization and the decayed morals after the First World War.Prufrock that T.S.Eliot described in his early poems is timid,hesitant,sensitive,anxious,lack of will and confidence;This paper will analyze the detailed behaviors of the characters in Eliot's early poems and reveal the major image of modern men more clearly.