A Glimpse of Interactional Strategies Used in Group Discussion in the EFL Context

On the basis of literature review,this paper discusses what interactional strategies are in group discussions conducted in the EFL classroom.Two frameworks for interactional strategies are investigated to explore the types of interactional strategies.This aims to shed light upon the analysis of interactional features in face-to-face communication.

Human-Object Interaction Recognition Based on Modeling Context

This paper proposes a method to recognize human-object interactions by modeling context between human actions and interacted objects.Human-object interaction recognition is a challenging task due to severe occlusion between human and objects during the interacting process.Since that human actions and interacted objects provide strong context information,i.e.some actions are usually related to some specific objects,the accuracy of recognition is significantly improved for both of them.Through the proposed method,both global and local temporal features from skeleton sequences are extracted to model human actions.In the meantime,kernel features are utilized to describe interacted objects.Finally,all possible solutions from actions and objects are optimized by modeling the context between them.The results of experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

Context and Interaction in Second Language Teaching and Learning

In the process of the research of second language teaching and learning,people gradually find the influence of context as well as interaction,holding an idea that the language output and comprehension cannot be achieved without taking the context into consideration.In the second language teaching and learning classroom,the interaction among the learners and between learner and teacher pushes the development of second language learning to some degree.Combined with the concrete situation of second language teaching and learning in China,the essay points out some difficulties as well as put forwards some relevant suggestions after the literature reviews for the relevant researches in and out of China.

Context-Aware Animation Data Description and Interaction Method Based on Sketch

In this paper,an interactive method is proposed to describe computer animation data and accelerate the process of animation generation.First,a semantic model and a resource description framework(RDF)are utilized to analyze and describe the relationships between animation data.Second,a novel context model which is able to keep the context-awareness was proposed to facilitate data organization and storage.In our context model,all the main animation elements in a scene are operated as a whole.Then sketch is utilized as the main interactive method to describe the relationships between animation data,edit the context model and make some other user operations.Finally,a context-aware computer animation data description system based on sketch is generated and it also works well in animation generation process.

The Relationship Equation & Relationship Circle. The Importance of Reciprocal Interaction in Functional Relationships, Role of Context & the “Happinewness” Key.

Truly opposite is defined by identity of units with complementary anatomy or structure to form a pair,e.g.male and female.Complementary or corresponding structure or form permits reciprocal function of these units or“opposites”.Focus on“Identity”or“function”determines one’s view as to whether these units are“opposites”or“complementary”.“Identity”is unique&exclusive,whereas,function requires inclusivity,specificity&reciprocal interaction,contributed to by both units to form a dynamic partnership or pair.Contextual interaction matters as it permits an inclusive view.Inclusion&awareness of surroundings that impact on relationships and/or personal interaction is represented here by a surrounding circle or sense of purpose and represents the extension of immediate context involving both units in a paired relationship of structural complementary units within their encompassing surroundings or contextual field.Contextual reference is the ethical key to understanding situations&circumstance so serves as the key to ethics,morality&relationships.The Relationship Equation,E=1=m.c-1,provides a simple model of understanding usually viewed as complex relationships.It offers an approach to solving identity issues by viewing these as complementary and functional rather than as opposites.In place of identity as the focus it introduces context and reciprocal interaction of complementary units of a pair.Identity as part of a whole transfers the focus from self to other or both and to an awareness of higher purpose in the Oneness of function of Creation as(m.c-1)=E=1.Environmental influence is taken into account by viewing the Eco-social environment or Eco-society as important.Impact of environment on one or other unit in a pair or on both&vice versa affects relationships.Resilience&adaptation to environmental change leads to evolution when the pair thrives better in this new Eco-social environment.Being part of a functional whole,as a functional unit or as a functioning pair,adds purpose and reason for the Creation,all of Creation,including self,as one is included in all!Application of the Relationship Equation is relevant to health&wellbeing,parenting,biology,law&health law,political science,society&evolution.It is also valuable when utilized as a resolution tool as it offers functional outcomes and sense of purpose on the basis of objectivity,trust and truth to overcome conflict arising from a highly sensitized identity-oriented focus.Contextual&reciprocal units in functional pairs replace self as the basic functional principle of the whole of existence.Application of this understanding has preventive as well as therapeutic relevance.It may be used as a guide in upbringing,parenting and child care as well as conflict resolution in personal,social&political scenarios locally,nationally,internationally,globally&universally.It is the“happinewness”key.

Graph-based method for human-object interactions detection

Human-object interaction(HOIs)detection is a new branch of visual relationship detection,which plays an important role in the field of image understanding.Because of the complexity and diversity of image content,the detection of HOIs is still an onerous challenge.Unlike most of the current works for HOIs detection which only rely on the pairwise information of a human and an object,we propose a graph-based HOIs detection method that models context and global structure information.Firstly,to better utilize the relations between humans and objects,the detected humans and objects are regarded as nodes to construct a fully connected undirected graph,and the graph is pruned to obtain an HOI graph that only preserving the edges connecting human and object nodes.Then,in order to obtain more robust features of human and object nodes,two different attention-based feature extraction networks are proposed,which model global and local contexts respectively.Finally,the graph attention network is introduced to pass messages between different nodes in the HOI graph iteratively,and detect the potential HOIs.Experiments on V-COCO and HICO-DET datasets verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,and show that it is superior to many existing methods.

基于情境引擎的车载导航交互设计研究

针对车载导航模式单一、无法根据情境差异动态改变交互策略导致用户体验不足的问题,本文提出了一种支持根据不同情境自适应车载导航交互策略的情境引擎模型。结合以用户为中心的设计流程(UCD)与情境感知理论,定义了汽车人机交互情境,并通过对典型驾驶用户进行跟车调研,提取关键情境要素,阐述了导航情境下情境引擎模型的自适应交互策略及原理,将用户对不同信息的需求程度映射至交互表现层的详细程度。进行了贴合驾驶员不同需求层级的导航HMI信息框架梳理与组件设计,对两个典型导航使用情境进行了交互界面设计与分析。结果表明,情境引擎能对各驾驶情境下的驾驶员需求进行自适应交互,可为智能座舱驾驶交互体验的优化与研发提供借鉴。

不同活动情境下母亲词汇输入特征及其对儿童词汇发展的影响

语言学习的活动情境理论指出,儿童的语言学习嵌入在日常活动情境中。本研究基于这一理论,对汉语儿童与母亲在四种结构化情境下的互动情况进行了分析,发现活动情境、母亲语言特征以及儿童个体特征共同构成了影响汉语儿童词汇语义输入的环境系统。四种结构化活动情境共同推动母亲与儿童互动时产出更加丰富的词汇语义,但不同活动情境下母亲的词汇语义输入具有显著的差异;儿童的年龄和性别特征部分约束了母亲的语言输入特征;活动情境、儿童个体和母亲三个要素在推动儿童语义发展方面都有着不同的作用。研究同时发现,在互动过程中,母亲注重词汇输入的一致性、活动情境性和发展适宜性,但也存在回应敏感度低的问题。基于上述发现,本研究建议关注儿童语言发展的支持性环境系统,特别要营造高质量的结构化活动情境,并进一步提升母亲语言互动质量。

职业语境、语篇汉英互促模式研究

语境是语篇的无形网络,语境创造语篇,语篇也创造语境。本文基于交互式言语感知理论,从认知语言学角度研究职业语境、语篇衔接与篇际汉英交互模式对汉英双语语用者(学习者)语篇交际过程的影响。语用者(学习者)通过对工作任务的汉英双语重复拓展式学习,生成规律并建立固定的连接,形成认知模式,完成认知语境重构,从而促进汉英双语的学习。

沉浸式场景理论视域下VR皮影展陈应用设计研究

基于场景理论和沉浸理论,设计交互式的VR皮影展陈,探索皮影艺术保护和发展的新方式。首先研究了VR皮影展陈的发展意义,然后根据沉浸理论和场景理论,介绍了虚拟空间中沉浸式场景理论的内容,接着提出了沉浸式场景理论视域下VR虚拟展陈的设计策略。完成了交互式VR皮影展陈的设计实践,设计了沉浸式的展陈场景、互动方法和社群生态,实现了皮影文化的创新式发展。为皮影文化的传播和发展提供了新思路。

海量层次信息的Focus+Context交互式可视化技术

综述了海量层次信息可视化与Focus+Context技术的相关工作,针对海量层次信息可视化的交互问题,在嵌套圆可视化技术的基础上提出了基于上下文感知的Focus+Context交互式可视化技术.首先,基于外切圆排列方法提出对圆心进行三角网格剖分的方法,为变形计算建立上下文;然后,针对变形计算前后上下文一致性问题,在三角网格邻居跟踪方法的基础上,提出了用于同层兄弟节点上下文感知的外切圆变形排列方法,以及用于父子节点上下文感知的嵌套圆迭代排列方法.实验结果表明。上述方法在实现焦点突出的鱼眼视图的同时,能够有效地解决Focus+Context交互式可视化的上下文感知问题.上述方法应用于文件系统海量层次信息的交互式可视化问题,提供了交互式可视化工具.

面向信息可视化的语义Focus+Context人机交互技术

大数据成为继云计算和物联网之后,国际学术界和产业界所共同瞩目的又一个研究热点.信息可视化是辅助用户洞悉大数据背后隐藏的知识和规律的重要方法和有力工具.如何在图形用户界面中对大规模信息以符合认知规律的方式进行可视化,并且使得计算机能够智能化的理解用户意图以配合其进行高效的人机交互,是信息可视化面临的挑战之一.文中提出一种面向信息可视化的语义Focus+Context人机交互技术.首先,在基于空间距离的经典Focus+Context数学模型基础上对其进行语义建模和扩展,建立了面向信息空间和可视化表征空间的语义距离模型以及语义关注度模型,定义了交互中的焦点对象与语义上下文.其次,在此基础上建立了语义Focus+Context用户界面模型,给出了界面抽象元素和实体元素以及映射关系的形式化描述,同时建立了Focus+Context交互循环机制.最后,给出了应用于经典Focus+Context及鱼眼数学模型的描述,表明文中提出方法具有很好的兼容性描述能力;同时,给出了面向文件系统主题聚集的语义Focus+Context应用,给出了基于主题语义关注度与嵌套圆鱼眼视图的动态可视化实例,应用实例表明文中提出技术能够有效支持用户在信息可视化界面中对大规模信息进行智能化的可视化和交互探索.

基于内容的Focus+Context可视化技术

尽管一些研究通过可视化技术较好地解决了大数据量信息在相对较小的屏幕上的显示问题,但很少有方法可以给用户提供一种直观灵活可控的交互方式。提出一种允许用户随意指定Focus区域的方法,并设计了一个巧妙的能量模型来保持Focus区域的细节。为了减少Context区域的扭曲,用户可以指定一个Glue区域。通过变形能量的光滑扩散,Focus区域的扭曲被分布到其他区域。大量实验结果证明,所提出的方法能极大地改善可视化效果,帮助用户在较小的屏幕上了解更多信息。

政策情境与工具选择:行为助推何以促进政策创新

行为助推不仅是一种源于认知缺陷的行为纠偏手段,更是一种基于人性化设计的政策创新工具。本研究从政民互动视角出发,构建起“政策情境-工具选择”的二维分析框架,呈现出行为助推政策创新的工具选择与搭配现状。进一步地,通过对25个助推案例的定性比较分析发现,决策者选择何种助推工具受到上级政府态度、核心领导动员、政府创新行为、政府行政伦理、公共服务动机、政策满意度、政府信任度、合法合理性感知和关键人物斡旋之间的综合影响,主要呈现出权威主导型、民主主导型、中庸主导型、贫乏主导型四种不同的选择路径,并在此实证基础上构建起行为助推政策工具选择的“政府创新-公民遵从”的内在逻辑框架。本研究将该逻辑框架内嵌于中国情境下的政府运转系统之中,解构出行为助推促进政策创新的内在机理:一是助推政策的产生更多源于政府决策者多重动机集的驱动,包括完成任务的动机、政绩亮点竞争的动机以及亲社会公众的公共服务动机;二是政府和公民对政策问题的积极回应、议程思考与协商执行共同构建起行为助推政策的自动选择与遵从的行为公约束机制。因而,本研究认为在行为助推政策的选择与执行过程中,政策情境、主体结构、行为策略三者共同构造了一个具有动态循环性的政策创新系统,推动了公共治理目标的达成。本文探究了行为助推促进政策创新的内在逻辑,既有助于行为助推理论的本土化构建,也对进一步改进我国的政策议程设置有所启益。

社交机器人在信息行为研究中的概念、任务及应用

[目的/意义]在社交机器人应用范围不断拓宽的背景下,系统性地综述社交机器人及其信息行为研究有助于洞察该领域的发展趋势,为未来深入探索提供研究借鉴。[方法/过程]详细梳理了社交机器人在信息行为研究中的国内外研究。首先,提炼社交机器人的理论基础和研究热点;其次,从数据资源建设角度和语言理解、情感计算、信息检索、智能对话任务角度归纳社交机器人的基础任务;再次,对社交机器人在具体应用场景中的信息行为研究进行总结和讨论;最后,深入讨论该领域的未来发展趋势。[结果/结论]社交机器人在信息行为研究领域的未来发展具有巨大的潜力和挑战,如交互质量评估、社会认知增强、用户信息披露、情感理解能力等方面,并积极探索解决方案。

幼儿文化认同:逻辑、困境及其应对

该文深入探讨了幼儿文化认同形成的逻辑结构、面临的困境,以及有效的应对策略。通过分析文化情境对幼儿认知资源的限定、文化自信对情感基础的构建,以及教育互动在塑造文化认同中的关键作用,阐释了幼儿文化认同的形成逻辑。文中揭示了幼儿在文化认同过程中遇到的主要困境,包括文化认同的矛盾性、归属感的危机,以及认同形成的迟疑。针对这些困境,该文提出了三种应对策略:一是通过游戏精神改造教育文化,以激发幼儿的学习兴趣和创造力;二是扎根于本土文化资源,促进家庭与学校的紧密协作;三是尊重幼儿的文化特性,提高其文化意义感。以期帮助幼儿克服文化认同的困境,促进其健康的身心发展,为其将来的全面成长打下坚实基础。

增强现实上下文感知最新研究进展综述

增强现实通过将数字内容叠加到物理世界,为用户提供沉浸式的数字体验,帮助用户更好地理解真实世界。近年来增强现实上下文感知研究受到广泛关注。增强现实与其上下文密切相关,无论是位置信息、光照水平、头部姿态等基础的上下文信息,还是几何信息、语义信息、眼动信息等更高等级的上下文信息,都不同程度影响增强现实的用户体验。从增强现实上下文感知的最新研究进展出发,概括了增强现实的上下文因素,梳理了增强现实上下文感知的流程,并对增强现实中几何、语义和眼动三种上下文信息的感知方法与最新应用进行了分析。最后,结合增强现实上下文感知研究的现状,探讨了增强现实上下文感知的未来发展趋势,为后续的增强现实上下文感知研究提供参考。

员工绿色创造力的诱发机制:个体、情境及其共同作用模式

“双碳”背景下,企业亟需加快绿色低碳发展进程。员工绿色创造力是企业实现低碳发展的关键途径,指员工针对绿色产品、服务、流程以及实践提出具有原创性、新颖性和实用性的新想法。然而,目前学界对绿色创造力诱发因素与作用机制的议题尚缺乏系统认识。个体(动机、认知、情感、态度、资源能力、行为)与情境(领导风格、愿景战略、管理实践、综合实力)因素构成了诱发员工绿色创造力的前因变量。在此基础上,将上述因素的共同作用模式归纳为两类:(1)“情境→个体”驱动路径模式,自我决定、社会认知、情感事件、态度改变理论是上述模式的解释视角;(2)个体与情境交互关系模式,素质激活模型与动机性社会信息加工理论是上述模式的解释视角。未来研究可以从概念界定、文化影响、团队建设、动态属性、持续性以及代价等视角出发,丰富绿色创造力理论体系。

录像民族志在人机交互研究中的可能与可为

民族志在人文社会科学,特别是人类学、社会学和传播学等领域得到了广泛应用。在过去半个世纪,民族志与人机交互研究在西方已经形成了丰富的交叉融合,产出了很多学科碰撞的研究成果,但遗憾的是,中文学界对于这一交叉领域的探讨和应用仍较为少见。鉴于此,本文旨在介绍基于常人方法学(ethnomethodology)的“录像民族志”在人机交互研究中的应用。本文通过回顾录像民族志在过去半个世纪以来人机交互研究中的经典案例,探讨了传统民族志与录像民族志之间的微妙差异与内在共性;同时,结合笔者自身在中国本土收集的人机交互素材,阐述了录像民族志为人机交互研究提供关于序列性、身体性和隐蔽劳动相关层面的独特分析思路和分析要点,并展望了录像民族志在我国本土人机交互研究中的可能与可为。

警告义“你敢VP”构式的话语功能及其规约化

文章借鉴构式语法理论,从共时和历时的视角出发,认为“你敢VP”构式的警告义解读来自构件成分的语义组合和互动语境的共同作用,在使用频率和认知推理的驱动下逐步经过语境压制的规约化过程,进而形成新的“形式和意义/功能”配对。该构式在适切语境中固定表达警告的话语功能,具体表现为:因为说话人判定听话人即将实施或延续某非常态、高风险、非期望的行为VP,在假设听话人能够借助语境推断出实施该行为的惩罚后果的前提下,说话人发出警告,希望听话人能够放弃实施不当行为VP。