The development of low-cost,robust and efficient non-noble metal electrocatalysts is still a pursuit for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Herein,a self-standing electrocatalyst,Ni_(2)P/CoP nanosheet,was fabricated...The development of low-cost,robust and efficient non-noble metal electrocatalysts is still a pursuit for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Herein,a self-standing electrocatalyst,Ni_(2)P/CoP nanosheet,was fabricated directly on three-dimensional Ni foams by two facile steps,which illustrated both high activity and stability for HER in different electrolytes.Benefiting from the porous structures of nanosheets with large specific surface area and the hybrid Ni_(2)P/CoP,the as-prepared electrocatalyst presented remarkable HER with overpotentials of 65.2 and 87.8 mV to reach a current density of-10 mA cm^(-2)in neutral and alkaline media,respectively.Density function theory calculations revealed a lower activation energy of water dissociation and efficient HER steps of hybrid Ni_(2)P/CoP nanosheets compared with mono CoP.The self-standing electrocatalyst maintained excellent chemical stability.Additionally,the HER process in domestic wastewater was realized with more impressive performance by using Ni_(2)P/CoP nanosheets compared with commercial Pt/C.Hydrogen was continuously generated for 20 h in mildly alkaline dishwashing wastewater.This work provides a feasible way to fabricate non-noble metal and self-standing hybrid bimetallic phosphides for HER in neutral and alkaline media,showing great potential for efficient hydrogen production by re-utilizing wastewater resources.展开更多
AIM To evaluate the impact of cytochrome P450 2C19(CYP2C19) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) polymorphisms on the efficacy of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) eradication by using rabeprazole-based hybrid therapy.METHODS A t...AIM To evaluate the impact of cytochrome P450 2C19(CYP2C19) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) polymorphisms on the efficacy of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) eradication by using rabeprazole-based hybrid therapy.METHODS A total of 88 H. pylori-infected patients were recruited to receive 14-d of hybrid therapy from March 2013 to May 2014. Three patients were excluded from analysis because of incomplete compliance. Either a follow-up endoscopy or 13 C-urea test was performed to determine the results of H. pylori eradication therapy. The genotypes of CYP2C19 and IL-1β were analyzed to investigate the impact on treatment effect. RESULTS The total eradication rate of H. pylori was 92.94%(79/85). According to the CYP2C19 genotypes, the rates of H. pylori eradication were 89.19% in extensive metabolizers(EM) and 95.83% in non-EM. The H.pylori eradication rates regarding the IL-1β genotypes were 92.59% in the normal acid secretion group and 93.10% in the low acid secretion group. After multivariable logistic regression analysis, both the genotypes of CYP2C19 and IL-1β had no significant influences on the eradication rates of H. pylori.CONCLUSION The CYP2C19 and IL-1β polymorphisms are not significantly independent factors of H.pylori eradication using rabeprazole-based hybrid therapy.展开更多
针对关于典型对等技术(Peer to Peer,P2P)与内容分发网络(Content Delivery Network,CDN)混合的流媒体技术,从组织架构、特定内容存储位置选择和缓存替换策略等方面,综述分析相关研究成果,发掘其中存在的不足和局限性,并展望混合流媒体...针对关于典型对等技术(Peer to Peer,P2P)与内容分发网络(Content Delivery Network,CDN)混合的流媒体技术,从组织架构、特定内容存储位置选择和缓存替换策略等方面,综述分析相关研究成果,发掘其中存在的不足和局限性,并展望混合流媒体系统未来研究关注的问题。展开更多
AIM： TO investigate the expression and clinical significance of S100A2 mRNA and protein, p63 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC） and their roles in carcinogenesis and progression of esophageal carc...AIM： TO investigate the expression and clinical significance of S100A2 mRNA and protein, p63 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC） and their roles in carcinogenesis and progression of esophageal carcinoma （EC）. METHODS： Immunohistochemical staining （S-P method） for S100A2 and p63 protein were performed in 40 samples of ESCC and 40 samples of normal esophageal mucosa. In situ hybridization （ISH） was used to detect the expression of S100A2 mRNA. RESULTS： Expression of S100A2 mRNA in ESCC was positive in 77.5% of samples, which was lower than that in normal mucosa （100%） by ISH （P = 0.002）. The expression level of S100A2 mRNA was closely related to differentiation and and node-metastasis （P = 0.012, P = 0.008）. Expression of $100A2 protein was positive in 72.5% of ESCC samples and expression of p63 protein was positive in 37.5% of ESCC samples, and was lower than that in normal mucosa （100%） （P = 0.000）. The expression of S100A2 protein was correlated with the differentiation and node-metastasis （P = 0.007, P = 0.001）, but no relationship was observed between the expression of p63 protein and clinical pathological manifestations. S100A2 protein was positively correlated with the expression of S100A2 mRNA, and negatively associated with the expression of p63 protein （P = 0.000, P = 0.002）. CONCLUSION： S100A2 and p63 protein both play important roles in the carcinogenesis of ESCC. An investigation into the combined expression of S100A2 and p63 may be helpful in early diagnosis and in evaluating the prognosis of ESCC.展开更多
Summary: In situ hybridization was applied to locate and detect the expression of p57 KIP2 in hydatidiform mole (5 cases of partial hydatidiform mole and 18 cases of complete hydatidiform mole) and normal villi (23...Summary: In situ hybridization was applied to locate and detect the expression of p57 KIP2 in hydatidiform mole (5 cases of partial hydatidiform mole and 18 cases of complete hydatidiform mole) and normal villi (23 cases). The positive signals of p57 KIP2 expression were analyzed by HPIAS-1000 Image-Analysis System. p57 KIP2 was highly expressed in normal villi but showed distinct low expression in hydatidiform mole (P<0.01). Furthermore, the locus of low expression of p57 KIP2 accorded with the place where lesion of trophoblast occurred. Detection of p57 KIP2 made it possible to study the genetics of hydatidiform mole at the transcriptional level. Low expression of p57 KIP2 could be a molecular marker in hydatidiform mole and a target for therapy.展开更多
In Peer-to-Peer(P2P) streaming systems,video data may be lost since peers can join and leave the overlay network randomly,thereby deteriorating the video playback quality.In this paper we propose a new hybrid mesh and...In Peer-to-Peer(P2P) streaming systems,video data may be lost since peers can join and leave the overlay network randomly,thereby deteriorating the video playback quality.In this paper we propose a new hybrid mesh and Distributed Hash Table(DHT) based P2P streaming system,called HQMedia,to provide high playback quality to users by maintaining high data dissemination resilience with a low overhead.In HQMedia,peers are classified into Super Peers(SP) and Common Peers(CP) according to their online time.SPs and CPs form a mesh structure,while SPs alone form a new Streaming DHT(SDHT) structure.In this hybrid architecture,we propose a joint scheduling and compensation mechanism.If any frames cannot be obtained during the scheduling phase,an SDHT-based compensation mechanism is invoked for retrieving the missing frames near the playback point.We evaluate the performance of HQMedia by both theoretical analysis and intensive simulation experiments on large-scale networks to demonstrate the effectiveness and scalability of the proposed system.Numerical results show that HQMedia significantly outperforms existing mesh-based and treebased P2P live streaming systems by improving playback quality with only less than 1% extra maintenance overhead.展开更多
Hybrid cloud peer to peer （P2P） system is widely used for content distribution by utilizing user＇s capabilities to relieve the cloud bandwidth pressure. However, as demands for large-size files grow rapidly, it is ...Hybrid cloud peer to peer （P2P） system is widely used for content distribution by utilizing user＇s capabilities to relieve the cloud bandwidth pressure. However, as demands for large-size files grow rapidly, it is a challenge to support high speed downloading experience simultaneously in different swarms with limited cloud bandwidth resource in such system. Therefore, it requires an optimized cloud bandwidth allocation to improve overall downloading experience of users. In this paper, we propose a system performance model which characterizes the relationship between cloud uploading bandwidth and user download speed. Based on the model, we study the cloud uploading bandwidth allocation, with the goal of optimizing user＇s quality of experience （QoE） that mainly depends on downloading rate of desired contents. Furthermore, to decrease the computation complexity, we put forward a heuristic algorithm to approximate the optimized solution. Simulation results show that our heuristic algorithm can obtain higher user＇s QoE as compared with two typical bandwidth allocation algorithms.展开更多
基金China Scholarship Council/University College London for joint PhD scholarships,Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC,EP/V027433/1,EP/L015862/1,EP/R023581/1)supported by the Royal Academy of Engineering under the Research Chairs and Senior Research Fellowships scheme(Brett and Shearing)the Royal Society(RGS\R1\211080,IEC\NSFC\201261)for funding support.
文摘The development of low-cost,robust and efficient non-noble metal electrocatalysts is still a pursuit for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Herein,a self-standing electrocatalyst,Ni_(2)P/CoP nanosheet,was fabricated directly on three-dimensional Ni foams by two facile steps,which illustrated both high activity and stability for HER in different electrolytes.Benefiting from the porous structures of nanosheets with large specific surface area and the hybrid Ni_(2)P/CoP,the as-prepared electrocatalyst presented remarkable HER with overpotentials of 65.2 and 87.8 mV to reach a current density of-10 mA cm^(-2)in neutral and alkaline media,respectively.Density function theory calculations revealed a lower activation energy of water dissociation and efficient HER steps of hybrid Ni_(2)P/CoP nanosheets compared with mono CoP.The self-standing electrocatalyst maintained excellent chemical stability.Additionally,the HER process in domestic wastewater was realized with more impressive performance by using Ni_(2)P/CoP nanosheets compared with commercial Pt/C.Hydrogen was continuously generated for 20 h in mildly alkaline dishwashing wastewater.This work provides a feasible way to fabricate non-noble metal and self-standing hybrid bimetallic phosphides for HER in neutral and alkaline media,showing great potential for efficient hydrogen production by re-utilizing wastewater resources.
文摘AIM To evaluate the impact of cytochrome P450 2C19(CYP2C19) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) polymorphisms on the efficacy of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) eradication by using rabeprazole-based hybrid therapy.METHODS A total of 88 H. pylori-infected patients were recruited to receive 14-d of hybrid therapy from March 2013 to May 2014. Three patients were excluded from analysis because of incomplete compliance. Either a follow-up endoscopy or 13 C-urea test was performed to determine the results of H. pylori eradication therapy. The genotypes of CYP2C19 and IL-1β were analyzed to investigate the impact on treatment effect. RESULTS The total eradication rate of H. pylori was 92.94%(79/85). According to the CYP2C19 genotypes, the rates of H. pylori eradication were 89.19% in extensive metabolizers(EM) and 95.83% in non-EM. The H.pylori eradication rates regarding the IL-1β genotypes were 92.59% in the normal acid secretion group and 93.10% in the low acid secretion group. After multivariable logistic regression analysis, both the genotypes of CYP2C19 and IL-1β had no significant influences on the eradication rates of H. pylori.CONCLUSION The CYP2C19 and IL-1β polymorphisms are not significantly independent factors of H.pylori eradication using rabeprazole-based hybrid therapy.
文摘AIM： TO investigate the expression and clinical significance of S100A2 mRNA and protein, p63 protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC） and their roles in carcinogenesis and progression of esophageal carcinoma （EC）. METHODS： Immunohistochemical staining （S-P method） for S100A2 and p63 protein were performed in 40 samples of ESCC and 40 samples of normal esophageal mucosa. In situ hybridization （ISH） was used to detect the expression of S100A2 mRNA. RESULTS： Expression of S100A2 mRNA in ESCC was positive in 77.5% of samples, which was lower than that in normal mucosa （100%） by ISH （P = 0.002）. The expression level of S100A2 mRNA was closely related to differentiation and and node-metastasis （P = 0.012, P = 0.008）. Expression of $100A2 protein was positive in 72.5% of ESCC samples and expression of p63 protein was positive in 37.5% of ESCC samples, and was lower than that in normal mucosa （100%） （P = 0.000）. The expression of S100A2 protein was correlated with the differentiation and node-metastasis （P = 0.007, P = 0.001）, but no relationship was observed between the expression of p63 protein and clinical pathological manifestations. S100A2 protein was positively correlated with the expression of S100A2 mRNA, and negatively associated with the expression of p63 protein （P = 0.000, P = 0.002）. CONCLUSION： S100A2 and p63 protein both play important roles in the carcinogenesis of ESCC. An investigation into the combined expression of S100A2 and p63 may be helpful in early diagnosis and in evaluating the prognosis of ESCC.
文摘Summary: In situ hybridization was applied to locate and detect the expression of p57 KIP2 in hydatidiform mole (5 cases of partial hydatidiform mole and 18 cases of complete hydatidiform mole) and normal villi (23 cases). The positive signals of p57 KIP2 expression were analyzed by HPIAS-1000 Image-Analysis System. p57 KIP2 was highly expressed in normal villi but showed distinct low expression in hydatidiform mole (P<0.01). Furthermore, the locus of low expression of p57 KIP2 accorded with the place where lesion of trophoblast occurred. Detection of p57 KIP2 made it possible to study the genetics of hydatidiform mole at the transcriptional level. Low expression of p57 KIP2 could be a molecular marker in hydatidiform mole and a target for therapy.
基金supported by the National Programs for Science and Technology under Grant No. 2009ZX03004-002the National Natural Science Foundation of China Major Project under Grant No. 60833002+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60772142the National Science and Technology Major Projects under Grant No. 2008ZX03003-005the Science and Technology Research Project of Chongqing Education Commission under Grant No. KJ120825
文摘In Peer-to-Peer(P2P) streaming systems,video data may be lost since peers can join and leave the overlay network randomly,thereby deteriorating the video playback quality.In this paper we propose a new hybrid mesh and Distributed Hash Table(DHT) based P2P streaming system,called HQMedia,to provide high playback quality to users by maintaining high data dissemination resilience with a low overhead.In HQMedia,peers are classified into Super Peers(SP) and Common Peers(CP) according to their online time.SPs and CPs form a mesh structure,while SPs alone form a new Streaming DHT(SDHT) structure.In this hybrid architecture,we propose a joint scheduling and compensation mechanism.If any frames cannot be obtained during the scheduling phase,an SDHT-based compensation mechanism is invoked for retrieving the missing frames near the playback point.We evaluate the performance of HQMedia by both theoretical analysis and intensive simulation experiments on large-scale networks to demonstrate the effectiveness and scalability of the proposed system.Numerical results show that HQMedia significantly outperforms existing mesh-based and treebased P2P live streaming systems by improving playback quality with only less than 1% extra maintenance overhead.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61271199, 61301082)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (W14JB00500)
文摘Hybrid cloud peer to peer （P2P） system is widely used for content distribution by utilizing user＇s capabilities to relieve the cloud bandwidth pressure. However, as demands for large-size files grow rapidly, it is a challenge to support high speed downloading experience simultaneously in different swarms with limited cloud bandwidth resource in such system. Therefore, it requires an optimized cloud bandwidth allocation to improve overall downloading experience of users. In this paper, we propose a system performance model which characterizes the relationship between cloud uploading bandwidth and user download speed. Based on the model, we study the cloud uploading bandwidth allocation, with the goal of optimizing user＇s quality of experience （QoE） that mainly depends on downloading rate of desired contents. Furthermore, to decrease the computation complexity, we put forward a heuristic algorithm to approximate the optimized solution. Simulation results show that our heuristic algorithm can obtain higher user＇s QoE as compared with two typical bandwidth allocation algorithms.
