A Novel Inorganic-organic Hybrid Borate with Unique One-dimensional Infinite Aluminium-oxygen Chains

A novel inorganic-organic hybrid borate,[Al2（fum）（H3BO3）（OH） 4]n·n（H3BO3） （1,H2fum = fumaric acid） ,has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,FTIR and elemental analysis. Crystal data for compound 1： orthorhombic,space group Pnma,a = 14.108（3） ,b = 6.9412（14） ,c = 14.995（3）A,V = 1468.3（5）A^3,Z = 4,Mr = 359.72,Dc = 1.627 g/cm^3,μ = 0.254 mm^-1,F（000） = 736,the final R = 0.0492 and wR = 0.1650 with I 〉 2σ（I） . In compound 1,each Al^Ⅲ ion is coordinated by six oxygen atoms to adopt a distorted octahedral geometry. Both fumarate anion and the coordinated boric acid act as bidentate bridging ligands to link two neighboring Al^Ⅲ centers simultaneously. Each Al^Ⅲ ion is bridged by two μ2-hydroxyl ligands to construct an infinite wave-like [Al2（fum）（H3BO3）（OH） 4]n chain. These one-dimensional chains form hydrogen bonds with free boric acid molecules giving rise to a three-dimensional supramolecular network.

DETECTION OF BREAST CANCER MICROMETASTASES IN BONE MARROW USING REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE CHAINREACTION AND SOUTHERN HYBRIDIZATION

Objective: The aim of this study was to detect micrometastases in bone marrow of primary breast cancer patients, and compare with other clinical parameters. Methods: Cytokeratin 19 (CK-19) gene mRNA expression was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Southern blot hybridization. Human breast cancer cell line T47D was mixed with bone marrow cells in different proportions. The positive detection rate was compared among RT-PCR, Southern blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods. Results: Cytokeratin 19 gene was expressed in all 6 positive control samples while the expression was not seen in 8 negative control samples. In all 54 patients 14 cases were CK-19 positive (25.9%) by RT-PCR, another positive signal was obtained in 5/54 (9.3%) of bone marrow samples by Southern blotting. The total positive cases are 19/54 (35.2%). CK-19 IHC+ cells were detected at a dilution of one T47D cell in 5×104 bone marrow cells, while the sensitivity detected by PCR and Southern blot hybridization was at 1∶5×105 and 1∶1×106, respectively. This demonstrates that RT-PCR and Southern blotting was at least 20 times more sensitive than the IHC method. The micrometastases positive rate of the larger tumor size group (>5.0 cm) was significantly (P<0.05) greater than that of the smaller tumor size group (0–2.0 cm). Conclusion: detection of micrometastases in bone marrow by RT-PCR and Southern blotting, using CK-19 as a biological marker, is highly sensitive and it is a method to be used for anticipating the prognosis of breast cancer patients.

COMBINED DETECTION OF BREAST CANCER MICROMETASTASES IN THE LYMPH NODES AND BONE MARROW USING REVERSETRANSCRIPTASE CHAIN REACTION AND SOUTHERN HYBRIDIZATION

Objective: The presence of lymph nodes and bone marrow micrometastases of patients with breast carcinoma by immunohistochemistry (IHC) methods has been strongly correlated to early recurrence and shorter overall survival. The aim of this study was to detect micrometastases in matched sample pairs of lymph nodes and the bone marrow of primary breast cancer patients using a more sensitive method, and compare with other clinical parameters. Methods: Cytokeratin 19 (CK-19) gene mRNA expression was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Southern blot hybridization. Human breast cancer cell line T47D was mixed with bone marrow cells at different proportions. The positive detection rate was compared among RT-PCR, Southern blotting and IHC methods. Results: Cytokeratin 19 gene was expressed in all 6 positive control samples, while the expression wasn’t seen in 18 negative control samples. CK-19 IHC positive cells were detected at a dilution of one T47D cell in 5×105 bone marrow cells, while the sensitivity detected by PCR and Southern blot hybridization was at 1:5×104 and 1:106, respectively. In the samples from the 35 patients, we found CK-19 positive cells in 2 cases (5.7%) by IHC. CK-19 gene expression signal was detected in 14/35 (40%) by RT-PCR, and 17/35 (48.6%) by southern blotting. Four cases were micrometastases positive both in lymph node and bone marrow (11.4%). There was no correlation between CK-19 detection and other clinical parameters. Conclusion: combined detection of micrometastases in lymph node and bone marrow by RT-PCR and Southern blotting, using CK-19 as a biological marker, is a highly sensitive method for breast cancer.

基于适配体-杂交链式反应比色检测生鲜牛乳中四环素类抗生素

)以特异性识别四环素类抗生素(TCs)的广谱型适配体为识别元件,结合杂交链式反应(HCR)信号放大策略,提出了一种TCs多残留比色检测方法,并优化了检测条件和进行了方法学考察。取40 nmol·L^(-1)生物素化检测探针(bio-DP)溶液加入到包被有亲和素的酶标板中,室温孵育后加入牛血清白蛋白(BSA)溶液,封闭反应1 h。加入生鲜牛乳样品稀释液,室温孵育20 min,如果样品中含有TCs,TCs与bio-DP的适配体序列结合,其发夹结构被打开。加入200 nmol·L^(-1)生物素化发夹DNA1(bio-H1)溶液和200 nmol·L^(-1)生物素化发夹DNA2(bio-H2)溶液,室温下进行HCR 40 min,从而形成具有多个重复单元的双链DNA(dsDNA)纳米线。加入辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)标记链霉亲和素(SA-HRP),室温孵育标记dsDNA。加入显色剂[含3,3′,5,5′-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)],HRP催化TMB生成蓝色物质,显色5~8 min后终止反应,在酶标仪中于450 nm测量上述体系的吸光度。结果显示,bio-DP对四环素、土霉素、金霉素和多西环素具有高特异性,和卡那霉素、庆大霉素、氨苄青霉素、泰乐菌素、磺胺嘧啶和恩诺沙星等抗生素无交叉反应。四环素、土霉素、金霉素和多西环素的质量浓度总和在0.8~100μg·L^(-1)内与对应的吸光度总和呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为0.18μg·L^(-1)。对生鲜牛乳样品进行加标回收试验,TCs回收率为86.4%~106%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=3)为2.5%~7.1%。方法应用于生鲜牛乳样品的分析,检测结果与国家标准方法GB 31658.6-2021差异不显著(P>0.05),检出的TCs总量也均未超标(GB 31650-2019)。与文献报道的其他方法相比,上述方法兼具简单、快速、检出限低、准确度高等优点,适用于食品中四环素类抗生素多残留的快速检测。

多能源混合车队生鲜品配送车辆路径问题研究

针对同时考虑取送货和分时电价的电动车与燃油车混合车队车辆路径问题,以车辆固定成本、行驶成本、制冷成本、货损成本、时间窗成本、碳排放成本和充电成本之和最小为目标,构建生鲜品配送车辆路径优化模型,设计融合邻域搜索的遗传模拟退火混合算法并求解。结果表明:相比于取送分离,同时取送货模式能够显著提升配送效率,提高车辆装载率;通过技术升级适当增加电动车的电池容量,能够弱化车辆路径方案对充电设施的依赖程度,有效降低配送成本;通过与遗传算法、遗传变邻域混合算法运行结果对比,验证本文算法的有效性,为冷链物流企业在配送环节实现节能减排、降本增效提供借鉴和参考。

Hybridization chain reaction-based DNA nanomaterials for biosensing,bioimaging and therapeutics

DNA nanomaterials hold great promise in biomedical fields due to its excellent sequence programmability,molecular recognition ability and biocompatibility.Hybridization chain reaction(HCR)is a simple and efficient isothermal enzyme-free amplification strategy of DNA,generating nicked double helices with repeated units.Through the design of HCR hairpins,multiple nanomaterials with desired functions are assembled by DNA,exhibiting great potential in biomedical applications.Herein,the recent progress of HCR-based DNA nanomaterials for biosensing,bioimaging and therapeutics are summarized.Representative works are exemplified to demonstrate how HCR-based DNA nanomaterials are designed and constructed.The challenges and prospects of the development of HCR-based DNA nanomaterials are discussed.We envision that rationally designing HCR-based DNA nanomaterials will facilitate the development of biomedical applications.

基于杂交链式反应扩增检测奶粉中阪崎肠杆菌的适配体磁珠荧光传感器

构建一种基于杂交链式反应(hybridization chain reaction,HCR)扩增的适配体磁珠荧光传感器。巧妙设计序列HP和发卡序列H1、H2,其中HP是由适配体序列与触发序列结合而成的,并且序列互补形成稳定的二级结构。然后采用戊二醇反应和亲和素-生物素反应进行适配体功能化磁珠的制备。将阪崎肠杆菌与适配体磁珠一起孵育,HP中的适配体序列识别靶标,引起HP构象变化,露出触发序列,通过HCR触发H1和H2的链状组装,产生长双链DNA。荧光指示剂SYBR Green I以插层和小槽结合的方式与HCR产物的长双链结合。最后加入氧化石墨烯(graphene oxide,GO)后,游离的H1、H2和SYBR Green I将通过π-π堆积紧密吸附在GO表面,荧光信号被猝灭。HCR产物不能被吸附在GO表面,因此与HCR产物结合的SYBR Green I发出依赖于靶浓度的强荧光信号,从而实现阪崎肠杆菌的定量检测。本方法在纯培养条件下的检出限为2CFU/mL,对奶粉的检出限为8CFU/g,对奶粉样品的检测结果与传统微生物培养法具有良好的一致性。该方法具有无需DNA提取,快速、稳定性高、高特异性和高灵敏度等优点,因此为阪崎肠杆菌的现场快速检测提供了一种很有潜力的方法。

PI环境下考虑节点失效与动态需求的供应链网络韧性优化研究

在逆全球化、百年变局的大背景下,追求低成本精益化管理、零库存目标造成的供应链网络拉伸,使得供应链的局部脆弱性问题得以暴露,研究如何建立韧性供应链网络并进行优化变得至关重要。实物互联网(Physical Internet,PI)环境下的物流模式具有很强的开放性、全局性和协作性,文章结合实际供应链运转过程中存在的节点失效以及市场动态需求变化等问题,采用情景法对可能的影响因素进行描述,构建了PI环境下考虑节点应变能力的韧性供应链网络优化模型,并应用改进后的GA-BPSO算法对模型进行求解。通过实证算例证明了模型的可行性及算法的有效性,可以为企业进行韧性供应链优化提供科学决策参考。

混联支路并联腿运动学分析与尺度综合

针对步行机器人在核环境下作业时,动力源分散,不便于防护的问题,提出一种动力源集中布置,可用于构建步行机器人的四自由度混联支路并联腿部机构。运用螺旋理论分析其自由度数目、性质及机构特性。建立了运动学反解模型,并分别推导出驱动空间和关节空间的速度雅克比矩阵。以两个雅克比矩阵条件数为基础,提出了一种带权重的混合条件数,用于综合评价机构的力传递与运动传递性能。以混合条件数最小为尺度综合目标,先通过单调性分析得到结构参数的取值区间,再应用粒子群优化算法获得一组最优结构参数,为样机加工和其他混联支路并联机构尺度综合提供参考。该新型腿部机构动力源统一后置,便于集中防护,驱动空间具有驱动置换功能和半解耦特性,便于实现位姿控制,在核辐射、高温等恶劣环境下有着良好的应用前景。

Qubit-qutrit海森堡混合自旋链系统QMA熵不确定度的量子调控

在qubit-qutrit海森堡混合自旋链模型中研究了量子存储支撑(Quantum memory assisted,QMA)熵不确定度的量子调控.详细分析了混合自旋链模型中的Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya(DM)相互作用、耦合强度和非均匀磁场对QMA熵不确定度的影响,对比分析了混合自旋链模型中系统参数对QMA熵不确定度和被测系统与存储系统的量子纠缠的调控作用.结果表明,通过调控非均匀磁场强度和混合自旋链系统的参数,可以提高被测系统与存储系统的量子纠缠,降低系统QMA熵不确定度及其下限.

Size-selective hybridization chain reaction for accurate signal amplification in living cancer cells

Accurate signal amplification in living cells is highly important in biomedical research and medical diagnostics.Benefiting from its enzyme-free,efficient isothermal signal amplification ability,hybridization chain reaction(HCR)plays an important role in intracellular signal amplification;however,HCR fails the accurate signal amplification in the situation when the properties of some biological targets and analogues are too similar.Particularly,their signal amplification accuracy for mature mi RNAs is unsatisfactory due to the signal interference of precursor micro RNAs(abbreviated as pre-mi RNAs),which also contain the sequence of mature mi RNAs.Herein,we develop the first example of size-selective hybridization chain reaction probe for accurate signal amplification,which achieved accurate and sensitive biosensing of mature mi RNAs in living cancer cells.Our probe,termed as q Tcage,consists of a DNA nanocage for size-selective responsive to mature mi RNAs,as well as a quadrivalent tetrahedral DNA structure for HCR signal amplification.Benefiting from the size-selectivity of DNA nanocage,shorter mature mi RNAs(19–23 nt)rather than longer pre-mi RNAs(60–70 nt)could enter the cavity to release triggers strand,which activates HCR reaction for fluorescence signal recovery.The probe efficiently reduces signal interference of pre-mi RNAs and improves the imaging sensitivity for intracellular mature mi RNAs,which was successfully applied for mature mi RNAs imaging during drug treatment.Overall,this strategy provides the hybridization chain reaction with the feature of size-selective ability,which holds promise for further accurate signal amplification in biological processes study and clinical diagnostics.

A Bifunctional-Blocker-Aided Hybridization Chain Reaction Lighting-Up Self-calibrating Nanocluster Fluorescence for Reliable Nucleic Acid Detection

In this work,we proposed a ratiometric silver nanoclusters(AgNCs)fluorescent assay by designing a bifunctional-blockeraided hybridization chain reaction(HCR).Hairpin probe 1(HP1)containing two special DNA fragments(5′-CAC CGC T-3′and 5′-ATT TGC CTT TTG GGG ACG GATA-3′)at two terminals creates a red-emitting AgNC nucleation sequence(rNS,5′-CAC CGC TAT TTG CCT TTT GGG GAC GGATA-3′).We found that the presence of a toehold fragment(5′-TGCCC-3′)in HP1 could silence the rNS.Upon the addition of a target nucleic acid,HCR of HP1 and hairpin probe 2(HP2)could be initiated,resulting in the formation of long chain of DNA duplexes with multibranched rNS.As the toehold fragment in HP1participated in generating duplexes,a strong emission of rNS-templated AgNCs was observed at 670 nm.More significantly,a bifunctional blocker was introduced not only to reduce the background red-emitting fluorescence but also to play as an internal green-emitting AgNCs nucleation sequence.On the one hand,the blocker could increase the signal-to-noise-ratio of the constructed biosensor,and on the other hand,the blocker also helped to prepare ratiometric HCR-AgNCs assay with self-calibrating ability to strengthen its reproducibility.Compared with the traditional HCR-AgNCs sensors,the developed ratiometric assay based on the bifunctional-blocker-aided HCR has higher reliability,which is important for the fabrication of biosensors in various fields for practical biosensing applications.

基于金纳米粒子聚集与杂交链式扩增的microRNA传感

MicroRNA(miRNA)是癌症早期诊断的标志物,在生理和病理过程中发挥着关键作用,因此对miRNA的实时准确监测具有重要意义。目前,用于miRNA测定的信号放大/扩增策略多依赖于辅助酶的参与。本文建立了一种基于金纳米粒子(AuNPs)聚集和杂交链式反应(HCR)无酶扩增的高灵敏、特异性miRNA检测方法。为此,设计了一个辅助发夹探针(HP)和两个通用发夹探针(H1/H2),均为单链DNA(ssDNA)且具有粘性末端,可稳定水溶液中的AuNPs而有效防止盐诱导其聚集。靶miRNA与HP环区杂交,启动HCR触发双链DNA(dsDNA)聚合物的形成。dsDNA聚合物无粘性末端,对AuNPs的稳定能力减弱,从而产生盐诱导的AuNPs聚集,导致金胶体溶液由酒红色至蓝色的变化。据此可对miRNA进行光度法检测。该策略无需依赖酶促反应、分离过程及化学修饰,操作简单。通过设计HP环区序列,即可实现对不同靶标的检测,具有通用性。

混合进化算法求解多环节资源配置优化问题

资源配置优化问题是制造业价值链管理的基础问题。然而,现有研究多集中在生产环节,对制造全生命周期的整体考虑不足。研究考虑多环节的制造全生命周期资源配置优化问题(MLCRAOP),旨在通过优化研发设计、生产制造、运维服务和配套设备供应环节的服务资源,提升全生命周期的资源配置客户满意度。将时间、成本、质量指标纳入目标函数构建整数规划模型,提出一种混合进化算法用于求解MLCRAOP。通过在设计案例上的对比实验,验证了混合进化算法具有优异的性能。

基于HCR放大的无标记型荧光传感器的构建及H5N1 DNA检测

对于高致病性H5N1禽流感病毒,构建检测该病毒的高灵敏生物传感器,并与智能包装相结合用于实时监测,这对禽流感的防控具有重要意义。基于杂交链式反应(HCR)信号放大策略,以AgNCs作为荧光信号基团,构建了一种无标记“turn on”型荧光生物传感器用于检测代表H5N1病毒的H5N1基因序列。该传感器以H5N1 DNA作为触发剂引发HCR过程,使AgNCs产生强的荧光信号变化。研究表明,当H5N1 DNA浓度在0.2~800.0 nmol/L内,该传感器具有良好的响应信号,且在0.2~200.0 nmol/L之间的荧光强度与H5N1 DNA浓度呈线性相关,线性方程为y=10.982C+567.435(R^(2)=0.99273),检测限为176 pmol/L。核酸传感体系具有通用性,通过简单调整目标序列,可实现对不同目标物的特异性灵敏检测。该研究有望为高灵敏分析禽流感病毒标志物的通用传感平台设计提供思路。

移动感知的混合服务功能链部署策略研究

针对支持网络功能虚拟化的移动边缘计算网络中,移动用户的数据流请求通常需要经过由前向和后向服务功能链(Service Function Chain,SFC)共同组成的混合服务功能链(Hybrid SFC,H-SFC)进行处理.首先联合考虑移动用户的位置逗留概率及网络资源约束,以最大化网络吞吐量为目标定义了移动用户的H-SFC部署问题,利用整数线性规划对该问题建模.然后设计了一个动态辅助边权图,以保证H-SFC的顺序需求,部署最少的H-SFC覆盖最多的移动逗留位置为目标,提出了由H-SFC预部署和H-SFC调整两个子算法构成的移动感知混合服务功能链部署算法(Mobility-Aware H-SFC Deployment Algorithm,MA-HSFC-DA)对原问题进行求解.仿真结果表明,与其它算法相比,MA-HSFC-DA可以显著提高网络资源的利用率,获得更高的流接受率和网络吞吐量.

全产业链猪育种体系构建的研究进展

我国是世界上生猪生产与猪肉消费第一大国。生猪产业是我国畜牧业的支柱产业。良种是保障生猪产业健康发展的重要基础,是提升生猪产业核心竞争力的关键。经过几十年的发展,我国生猪种业自主创新能力持续提高,良种供给能力不断增强,夯实了生猪产业的发展根基。但是我国种猪性能水平与国际先进水平还有差距,依然需要大力支持专业化育种和联合育种发展,构建以市场为导向、企业为主体,产学研深度融合的创新体系,逐步建立基于全产业链的新型育种体系,建成更加高效的生猪良种繁育体系。但是国内对如何构建全产业链的育种体系,及该体系的理论基础却鲜有报道。因此,本文主要阐述育种体系的发展历程、全产业链育种体系的理论基础和研究进展,为生猪种业的发展提供一定的参考。

HPV诊断中应用PCR检验的效果

目的分析高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)诊断中应用实时聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检验的效果。方法以该院2023年1-12月内收治的101例高危型HPV患者为本次研究对象,所有研究对象先使用第二代杂交式捕获法(HC-Ⅱ)检验,再行实时PCR检验,以病理实验检测结果为金标准,统计对比两种检验方式的诊断效能。结果组间对比,HC-Ⅱ与实时PCR对高危型HPV的诊断特异度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但实时PCR对高危型HPV的诊断准确率、灵敏度均显著高于HC-Ⅱ,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论实时PCR对于高危型HPV感染患者具有较高检出率,可为此类患者的早期治疗提供科学依据,倡导临床应用。

Synthesis of Branched Chains with Actuation Redundancy for Eliminating Interior Singularities of 3T1R Parallel Mechanisms

Although it is common to eliminate the singularity of parallel mechanism by adding the branched chain with actuation redundancy, there is no theory and method for the configuration synthesis of the branched chain with actuation redundancy in parallel mechanism. Branched chains with actuation redundancy are synthesized for eliminating interior singularity of 3-translational and 1-rotational（3T1R） parallel mechanisms. Guided by the discriminance method of hybrid screw group according to Grassmann line geometry, all the possibilities are listed for the occurrence of interior singularities in 3T1R parallel mechanism. Based on the linear relevance of screw system and the principles of eliminating parallel mechanism singularity with actuation redundancy, different types of branched chains with actuation redundancy are synthesized systematically to indicate the layout and the number of the branched chainsinterior with actuation redundancy. A general method is proposed for the configuration synthesis of the branched chains with actuation redundancy of the redundant parallel mechanism, and it builds a solid foundation for the subsequent performance optimization of the redundant actuation parallel mechanism.

考虑碳排放和时效性的多能源车辆冷链配送问题研究

随着冷链物流的快速发展,燃油冷藏车碳排放日益加剧,但电动冷藏车由于续航里程限制,导致冷链配送时效性差从而影响企业发展。为了在节能减排的同时降低冷链物流企业配送成本,通过构建基于多能源车辆及充电、换电模式选择的冷链路径优化模型,研究多能源车的冷链配送问题和电动冷藏车的充电、换电优化问题,并提出一种改进的自适应大邻域搜索(modified adaptive large neighborhood search, MALNS)算法,设计相关破坏、修复算子来进行有效求解。实验结果表明:该模型不仅可以减少碳排放,还可节约配送成本,实现企业可持续发展;MALNS算法可以更高效率地搜索最优成本。研究成果对冷链物流企业配送具有重要指导意义。