São Paulo State has witnessed CO_(2)storage-based investigations considering the availability of suitable geologic structures and proximity to primary CO_(2)source sinks related to bioenergy and carbon capture an...São Paulo State has witnessed CO_(2)storage-based investigations considering the availability of suitable geologic structures and proximity to primary CO_(2)source sinks related to bioenergy and carbon capture and storage(BECCS)activities.The current study presents the hydrocarbon viability evaluations and CO_(2)storage prospects,focusing on the sandstone units of the Rio Bonito Formation.The objective is to apply petrophysical evaluations with geochemical inputs in predicting future hydrocarbon(gas)production to boost CO_(2)storage within the study location.The study used data from eleven wells with associated wireline logs(gamma ray,resistivity,density,neutron,and sonic)to predict potential hydrocarbon accumulation and fluid mobility in the investigated area.Rock samples(shale and carbonate)obtained from depths>200 m within the study location have shown bitumen presence.Organic geochemistry data of the Rio Bonito Formation shale beds suggest they are potential hydrocarbon source rocks and could have contributed to the gas accumulations within the sandstone units.Some drilled well data,e.g.,CB-1-SP and TI-1-SP,show hydrocarbon(gas)presence based on the typical resistivity and the combined neutron-density responses at depths up to 3400 m,indicating the possibility of other hydrocarbon members apart from the heavy oil(bitumen)observed from the near-surface rocks samples.From the three-dimensional(3-D)model,the free fluid indicator(FFI)is more significant towards the southwest and southeast of the area with deeper depths of occurrence,indicating portions with reasonable hydrocarbon recovery rates and good prospects for CO_(2)injection,circulation and permanent storage.However,future studies based on contemporary datasets are required to establish the hydrocarbon viability further,foster gas production events,and enhance CO_(2)storage possibilities within the region.展开更多
由于薄硅膜——绝缘体上硅型横向扩散金属氧化物半导体(Silicon On Insulator Laterally Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor,SOI LDMOS)制作在厚度仅有几十到几百纳米的硅膜上,器件在高电压、大电流的作用下,热载流子注入(Hot Carrier...由于薄硅膜——绝缘体上硅型横向扩散金属氧化物半导体(Silicon On Insulator Laterally Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor,SOI LDMOS)制作在厚度仅有几十到几百纳米的硅膜上,器件在高电压、大电流的作用下,热载流子注入(Hot Carrier Injection,HCI)效应更为复杂,HCI可靠性受到极大的挑战。研究并探讨了两种结构的15 V SOI LDMOS的热载流子注入劣变机理。采用电荷泵(Charge Pumping)方法测试了界面缺陷产生的特点,当HCI效应发生在沟道区,最大沟道跨导退化明显,饱和驱动电流退化幅度较小,当HCI效应发生在多晶栅边缘,情况刚好相反。通过TCAD仿真研究了器件结构和碰撞电离率分布规律,发现了碰撞电离产生的负电荷对漂移区影响机制,揭示了HCI效应即碰撞电离率最大的位置对SOI LDMOS器件的损伤机理。为薄硅膜SOI LDMOS器件的HCI可靠性设计与优化提供了重要的经验参考。展开更多
The structural style, fault activity, strike-slip displacement, and the formation mechanism and hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in the center tectonic zone in the northeast Shaleitian Bulge of Zhangjiakou-Pengl...The structural style, fault activity, strike-slip displacement, and the formation mechanism and hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in the center tectonic zone in the northeast Shaleitian Bulge of Zhangjiakou-Penglai Fault Zone were studied by seismic attribute analysis, structural geometric analysis, fault activity analysis, structure evolution history and simulation of hydrocarbon migration, based on 3-D seismic and drilling data. The main results are as follows:(1) The study area is a superimposed tectonic zone, which experienced early(Paleocene and Eocene) extension and late(Oligocene and Pliocene-Quaternary) strike-slip and pull-apart.(2) The sinistral strike slip of the northeast Shaleitian Bulge of Zhangjiakou-Penglai Fault Zone went through two periods, Oligocene and Pliocene-Quaternary, and the Bohai section was active earlier than the inland section.(3) The sinistral strike slip displacement of Zhangjiakou-Penglai Fault is 4 km since Cenozoic, including 1 km in the Oligocene, and 3 km in the Pliocene-Quaternary.(4) The strike-slip movements have resulted in the increase of fault activity and basin-mountain restructure in the fault zone, also contributed to the formation of the central tectonic belt and the conjugate evolution in north-east structural belt.(5) The conjugate strike slip of the Zhangjiakou-Penglai Fault Zone dominated the migration and accumulation of hydrocarbon in shallow formations by controlling the injection points and segments of hydrocarbon from the deep layers to shallow layers.展开更多
Based on the petrology,isotope geochemistry and fluid inclusions analysis,we established the evolutionary mode of the diagenetic fluid of dawsonite-bearing sandstone in the Jiyang Depression.Dawsonite-bearing sandston...Based on the petrology,isotope geochemistry and fluid inclusions analysis,we established the evolutionary mode of the diagenetic fluid of dawsonite-bearing sandstone in the Jiyang Depression.Dawsonite-bearing sandstone is characterized by double injection of CO_(2)and oil-gas in the Jiyang Depression that have experienced a relatively complex diagenetic fluid evolution process.The diagenetic sequence of secondary minerals involves secondary enlargement of quartz,kaolinite,first-stage calcite,dawsonite,second-stage calcite,ferrocalcite,dolomite and ankerite.Hydrocarbon charging in the dawsonite-bearing sandstone occurred at around 2.6–0 Myr.The CO_(2)charging event occurred during Dongying tectonism,forming the Pingfangwang CO_(2)gas reservoir,which provided an abundant carbon source for dawsonite precipitation.Carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of dawsonite demonstrate that CO_(2)forming the dawsonite was of an inorganic origin derived from the mantle,and that water mediating the proc-ess during dawsonite precipitation was sequestered brine with a fluid temperature of 82℃.The evolutionary sequence of the diagenetic fluid in the dawsonite-bearing sandstone was:alkaline syngenetic fluids,weak alkaline fluids during organic acid forma-tion,acidic fluids in the early stage of CO_(2)injection,alkaline fluids in the late stage of CO_(2)injection,and weak alkaline fluids during oil and gas charging.The mode indicates an increase in-HCO_(3)because of the CO_(2)injection,and the loss of Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)due to the precipitation of carbonate minerals.Therefore,the evolutionary mode of diagenetic fluids is in good agreement with high HCO_(3)^(-),low Ca^(2+)and low Mg^(2+)composition of the present formation water in the dawsonite-bearing sandstone.展开更多
基金sponsored by Fundação de Amparoa Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo(FAPESP)(2014/50279-4,2020/15230-5,2021/06158-1)Shell Brasil.
文摘São Paulo State has witnessed CO_(2)storage-based investigations considering the availability of suitable geologic structures and proximity to primary CO_(2)source sinks related to bioenergy and carbon capture and storage(BECCS)activities.The current study presents the hydrocarbon viability evaluations and CO_(2)storage prospects,focusing on the sandstone units of the Rio Bonito Formation.The objective is to apply petrophysical evaluations with geochemical inputs in predicting future hydrocarbon(gas)production to boost CO_(2)storage within the study location.The study used data from eleven wells with associated wireline logs(gamma ray,resistivity,density,neutron,and sonic)to predict potential hydrocarbon accumulation and fluid mobility in the investigated area.Rock samples(shale and carbonate)obtained from depths>200 m within the study location have shown bitumen presence.Organic geochemistry data of the Rio Bonito Formation shale beds suggest they are potential hydrocarbon source rocks and could have contributed to the gas accumulations within the sandstone units.Some drilled well data,e.g.,CB-1-SP and TI-1-SP,show hydrocarbon(gas)presence based on the typical resistivity and the combined neutron-density responses at depths up to 3400 m,indicating the possibility of other hydrocarbon members apart from the heavy oil(bitumen)observed from the near-surface rocks samples.From the three-dimensional(3-D)model,the free fluid indicator(FFI)is more significant towards the southwest and southeast of the area with deeper depths of occurrence,indicating portions with reasonable hydrocarbon recovery rates and good prospects for CO_(2)injection,circulation and permanent storage.However,future studies based on contemporary datasets are required to establish the hydrocarbon viability further,foster gas production events,and enhance CO_(2)storage possibilities within the region.
文摘由于薄硅膜——绝缘体上硅型横向扩散金属氧化物半导体(Silicon On Insulator Laterally Diffused Metal Oxide Semiconductor,SOI LDMOS)制作在厚度仅有几十到几百纳米的硅膜上,器件在高电压、大电流的作用下,热载流子注入(Hot Carrier Injection,HCI)效应更为复杂,HCI可靠性受到极大的挑战。研究并探讨了两种结构的15 V SOI LDMOS的热载流子注入劣变机理。采用电荷泵(Charge Pumping)方法测试了界面缺陷产生的特点,当HCI效应发生在沟道区,最大沟道跨导退化明显,饱和驱动电流退化幅度较小,当HCI效应发生在多晶栅边缘,情况刚好相反。通过TCAD仿真研究了器件结构和碰撞电离率分布规律,发现了碰撞电离产生的负电荷对漂移区影响机制,揭示了HCI效应即碰撞电离率最大的位置对SOI LDMOS器件的损伤机理。为薄硅膜SOI LDMOS器件的HCI可靠性设计与优化提供了重要的经验参考。
基金Supported by the China National Science and Technology Major Project(2016ZX05024-003)
文摘The structural style, fault activity, strike-slip displacement, and the formation mechanism and hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in the center tectonic zone in the northeast Shaleitian Bulge of Zhangjiakou-Penglai Fault Zone were studied by seismic attribute analysis, structural geometric analysis, fault activity analysis, structure evolution history and simulation of hydrocarbon migration, based on 3-D seismic and drilling data. The main results are as follows:(1) The study area is a superimposed tectonic zone, which experienced early(Paleocene and Eocene) extension and late(Oligocene and Pliocene-Quaternary) strike-slip and pull-apart.(2) The sinistral strike slip of the northeast Shaleitian Bulge of Zhangjiakou-Penglai Fault Zone went through two periods, Oligocene and Pliocene-Quaternary, and the Bohai section was active earlier than the inland section.(3) The sinistral strike slip displacement of Zhangjiakou-Penglai Fault is 4 km since Cenozoic, including 1 km in the Oligocene, and 3 km in the Pliocene-Quaternary.(4) The strike-slip movements have resulted in the increase of fault activity and basin-mountain restructure in the fault zone, also contributed to the formation of the central tectonic belt and the conjugate evolution in north-east structural belt.(5) The conjugate strike slip of the Zhangjiakou-Penglai Fault Zone dominated the migration and accumulation of hydrocarbon in shallow formations by controlling the injection points and segments of hydrocarbon from the deep layers to shallow layers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42072130,41872152).
文摘Based on the petrology,isotope geochemistry and fluid inclusions analysis,we established the evolutionary mode of the diagenetic fluid of dawsonite-bearing sandstone in the Jiyang Depression.Dawsonite-bearing sandstone is characterized by double injection of CO_(2)and oil-gas in the Jiyang Depression that have experienced a relatively complex diagenetic fluid evolution process.The diagenetic sequence of secondary minerals involves secondary enlargement of quartz,kaolinite,first-stage calcite,dawsonite,second-stage calcite,ferrocalcite,dolomite and ankerite.Hydrocarbon charging in the dawsonite-bearing sandstone occurred at around 2.6–0 Myr.The CO_(2)charging event occurred during Dongying tectonism,forming the Pingfangwang CO_(2)gas reservoir,which provided an abundant carbon source for dawsonite precipitation.Carbon and oxygen isotopic compositions of dawsonite demonstrate that CO_(2)forming the dawsonite was of an inorganic origin derived from the mantle,and that water mediating the proc-ess during dawsonite precipitation was sequestered brine with a fluid temperature of 82℃.The evolutionary sequence of the diagenetic fluid in the dawsonite-bearing sandstone was:alkaline syngenetic fluids,weak alkaline fluids during organic acid forma-tion,acidic fluids in the early stage of CO_(2)injection,alkaline fluids in the late stage of CO_(2)injection,and weak alkaline fluids during oil and gas charging.The mode indicates an increase in-HCO_(3)because of the CO_(2)injection,and the loss of Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)due to the precipitation of carbonate minerals.Therefore,the evolutionary mode of diagenetic fluids is in good agreement with high HCO_(3)^(-),low Ca^(2+)and low Mg^(2+)composition of the present formation water in the dawsonite-bearing sandstone.
