In this study,the hydrolytic amino acids of Chinese human and Holstein cow milk of different lactation periods were analyzed by the advanced isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation(iTRAQ)combined with the...In this study,the hydrolytic amino acids of Chinese human and Holstein cow milk of different lactation periods were analyzed by the advanced isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation(iTRAQ)combined with the high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)approach.The total contents of the hydrolytic amino acids in cow colostrum,cow mature milk,human colostrum and human mature milk were 5.00,4.38,2.12 and 2.48 g·L^(-1),respectively.Among these,the contents of the hydrolytic amino acids in cow milk were higher than those in human milk,indicating a decreasing trend with the prolongation of lactation.Additionally,principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses were used to further screen the differentially expressed amino acids.These results enhanced the understanding of the hydrolytic amino acids in cow and human milk across different lactation periods,which could provide potential directions for newborn dairy powder and nutritious supplementary.展开更多
The effect of salinity on sludge alkaline fermentation at low temperature（20°C） was investigated, and a kinetic analysis was performed. Different doses of sodium chloride（Na Cl, 0–25 g/L） were added into the...The effect of salinity on sludge alkaline fermentation at low temperature（20°C） was investigated, and a kinetic analysis was performed. Different doses of sodium chloride（Na Cl, 0–25 g/L） were added into the fermentation system. The batch-mode results showed that the soluble chemical oxygen demand（SCOD） increased with salinity. The hydrolysate（soluble protein, polysaccharide） and the acidification products（short chain fatty acids（SCFAs）, NH＋4–N, and PO_4^（3-）–P） increased with salinity initially, but slightly declined respectively at higher level salinity（20 g/L or 20–25 g/L）. However, the hydrolytic acidification performance increased in the presence of salt compared to that without salt.Furthermore, the results of Haldane inhibition kinetics analysis showed that the salt enhanced the hydrolysis rate of particulate organic matter from sludge particulate and the specific utilization of hydrolysate, and decreased the specific utilization of SCFAs. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis indicated that the importance of polysaccharide on the accumulation of SCFAs was reduced with salt addition, but the importance of protein and NH＋4–N on SCFA accumulation was increased.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1604302)the"Twelfth-Five Year"National Science and Technology Plan Project(2013BAD18B03)+2 种基金Shenyang Technological Innovation Project(Y17-0-028)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC1902083)Liaoning Distinguished Professor Project。
文摘In this study,the hydrolytic amino acids of Chinese human and Holstein cow milk of different lactation periods were analyzed by the advanced isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation(iTRAQ)combined with the high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)approach.The total contents of the hydrolytic amino acids in cow colostrum,cow mature milk,human colostrum and human mature milk were 5.00,4.38,2.12 and 2.48 g·L^(-1),respectively.Among these,the contents of the hydrolytic amino acids in cow milk were higher than those in human milk,indicating a decreasing trend with the prolongation of lactation.Additionally,principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses were used to further screen the differentially expressed amino acids.These results enhanced the understanding of the hydrolytic amino acids in cow and human milk across different lactation periods,which could provide potential directions for newborn dairy powder and nutritious supplementary.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51178007)
文摘The effect of salinity on sludge alkaline fermentation at low temperature（20°C） was investigated, and a kinetic analysis was performed. Different doses of sodium chloride（Na Cl, 0–25 g/L） were added into the fermentation system. The batch-mode results showed that the soluble chemical oxygen demand（SCOD） increased with salinity. The hydrolysate（soluble protein, polysaccharide） and the acidification products（short chain fatty acids（SCFAs）, NH＋4–N, and PO_4^（3-）–P） increased with salinity initially, but slightly declined respectively at higher level salinity（20 g/L or 20–25 g/L）. However, the hydrolytic acidification performance increased in the presence of salt compared to that without salt.Furthermore, the results of Haldane inhibition kinetics analysis showed that the salt enhanced the hydrolysis rate of particulate organic matter from sludge particulate and the specific utilization of hydrolysate, and decreased the specific utilization of SCFAs. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis indicated that the importance of polysaccharide on the accumulation of SCFAs was reduced with salt addition, but the importance of protein and NH＋4–N on SCFA accumulation was increased.
