The micromorphology and physicochemical properties of hydrophobic blasting dust(HBD)from an iron mine were comprehensively analyzed by laser particle size analysis(LPSA),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffrac...The micromorphology and physicochemical properties of hydrophobic blasting dust(HBD)from an iron mine were comprehensively analyzed by laser particle size analysis(LPSA),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The results show that the HBD particles can be classified into three types based on their particle size(PS):larger particles(PS>10μm),medium particles(1μm≤PS≤10μm),and nanoparticles(PS<1μm).The cumulative volume of respirable dust(PS≤10μm)was 84.45%.In addition,three shapes of HBD were observed by SEM:prism,flake,and bulk.In particular,the small particles were mostly flaky,with a greater possibility of being inhaled.Furthermore,the body and surface chemical compounds of HBD were determined by XRD and XPS,respectively.Ammonium adipate(C6H16N2O4)was the only organic compound in the body of HBD,but its mass fraction was only 13.4%.However,the content of organic C on the surface of HBD was 85.35%.This study demonstrated that the small-particle size and large amount of organic matter on the surface of HBD are the main reasons for its hydrophobicity,which can provide important guidance for controlling respirable dust in iron mines.展开更多
Polyimide(PI)composite films were synthesized incorporating amino modified silicon nitride(Si_(3)N_(4))nanoparticles into PI matrix via in situ polymerization technique.The mechanical and thermal performances as well ...Polyimide(PI)composite films were synthesized incorporating amino modified silicon nitride(Si_(3)N_(4))nanoparticles into PI matrix via in situ polymerization technique.The mechanical and thermal performances as well as the hydrophobic properties of the as prepared composite films were investigated with respect to the dosage of the filler in the PI matrix.According to Thermogravimetric(TGA)analysis,meaningful improvements were achieved in T5(5%weight loss temperature)and T10(10%weight loss temperature)up to 54.1℃ and 52.4℃,respectively when amino functionalized nano Si_(3)N_(4) particles were introduced into the PI matrix.The differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)results revealed that the glass transition temperature(Tg)of the composites was considerably enhanced up to 49.7℃ when amino functionalized Si_(3)N_(4) nanoparticles were incorporated in the PI matrix.Compared to the neat PI,the PI/Si_(3)N_(4) nanocomposites exhibited very high improvement in the tensile strength as well as Young’s modulus up to 105.4%and 138.3%,respectively.Compared to the neat PI,the composites demonstrated highly decreased water absorption behavior which showed about 68.1%enhancement as the content of the nanoparticles was increased to 10 wt%.The SEM(Scanning electron microscope)images confirmed that the enhanced thermal,mechanical and water proof properties are essentially attributed to the improved compatibility of the filler with the matrix and hence,enhanced distribution inside the matrix because of the amino groups on the surface of Si_(3)N_(4) nanoparticles obtained from surface functionalization.展开更多
A hydrophobic hypercrosslinked polymeric resin LC-1 was prepared and characterized. The properties of LC-1 resin were compared with those of a commercial hypercrosstinked polymer NDA-201 resin. In addition, the dynami...A hydrophobic hypercrosslinked polymeric resin LC-1 was prepared and characterized. The properties of LC-1 resin were compared with those of a commercial hypercrosstinked polymer NDA-201 resin. In addition, the dynamic adsorption of trichloroethylene (TCE) onto LC-1 under dry and humid conditions at 303 K was investigated, the result shows that LC-1 possesses high hydrophobic property and can remove TCE from gas stream without effect of high humidity efficiently.展开更多
Self-healing hydrogels have attracted tremendous attention in the field of oil and gas drilling and production engineering because of their excellent self-healing performance after physical damage.In this study,a seri...Self-healing hydrogels have attracted tremendous attention in the field of oil and gas drilling and production engineering because of their excellent self-healing performance after physical damage.In this study,a series of double network self-healing(DN_(SA))hydrogels based on hydrophobic association and ionic bond were prepared for plugging pores and fractures in formations in oil and gas drilling and production engineering.The mechanical,rheological,and self-healing properties of the DN_(SA)hydrogels were investigated.Results revealed that the DN_(SA)hydrogels exhibited excellent mechanical properties with a tensile stress of 0.67 MPa and toughness of 7069 kJ/cm^(3) owing to the synergistic effect of the double network.In addition,the DN_(SA)hydrogels exhibited excellent compression resistance,notch insensitivity,and self-healing properties.The DN_(SA)-2 hydrogel was granulated and made into gel particles with different particle sizes and used as a plugging agent.The self-healing mechanism of DN_(SA)-2 hydrogel particles in fractures was explored,and it’s plugging effect on fractures of different widths and porous media of different permeabilities were investigated.Experimental results revealed that the plugging capacity of the DN_(SA)-2 hydrogel particles for a fracture with width of 5 mm and a porous medium with a permeability of 30μm^(2) was 3.45 and 4.21 MPa,respectively,which is significantly higher than those of commonly used plugging agents in the oilfield.The DN_(SA)hydrogels with excellent mechanical and self-healing properties prepared in this study will provide a new approach for applying hydrogels in oil and gas drilling and production engineering.展开更多
Hydrophobic magnesium hydroxide(MH) nanoparticles were prepared by a one-step synthesis method in a high-gravity environment generated by a novel impinging stream–rotating packed bed(IS-RPB) reactor. The reactant sol...Hydrophobic magnesium hydroxide(MH) nanoparticles were prepared by a one-step synthesis method in a high-gravity environment generated by a novel impinging stream–rotating packed bed(IS-RPB) reactor. The reactant solutions were simultaneously and continuously pumped into the IS-RPB reactor, and then Tween80 was added as a surface modifier. The morphology, structure, and properties of blank and hydrophobic MH were characterized. The effects of MH nanoparticles on the flame retardancy, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of PP/MH composites were also studied. We found that the obtained MH nanoparticles exhibited hexagonal lamella with a mean size of 30 nm, excellent hydrophobic properties(e.g., high water contact angle of 112°), and improved thermal stability of MH. The limiting oxygen index(LOI) further showed that increased MH loading can significantly improve flame-retardant performance, which reached 29.3% for PP/MH composites with 30 wt% hydrophobic samples. The thermal stability and mechanical properties of the PP/MH composites with hydrophobic samples were also much higher than those of PP/MH composites with blank MH. Results showed that the one-step synthesis had high potential application in the large-scale production of hydrophobic MH nanoparticles.展开更多
Proppant is a key material for enhancing unconventional oil and gas production which requires a long distance of migration and efficient liquid conductivity paths within the hydraulic fracture.However,it is difficult ...Proppant is a key material for enhancing unconventional oil and gas production which requires a long distance of migration and efficient liquid conductivity paths within the hydraulic fracture.However,it is difficult to find a proppant with both high self-suspension ability and liquid conductivity.Here,a simple method is developed to coat epoxy resin onto the ceramic proppant and fabricate a novel coated proppant with high hydrophobicity,self-suspension,and liquid conductivity performance.Compared with uncoated ceramic proppants,the epoxy resin coated(ERC) proppant has a high self-suspension ability nearly 16 times that of the uncoated proppants.Besides,the hydrophobic property and the liquid conductivity of the ERC proppant increased by 83.8% and 16.71%,respectively,compared with the uncoated proppants.In summary,this novel ERC proppant provides new insights into the design of functional proppants,which are expected to be applied to oil and gas production.展开更多
To improve the hydrophobicity of bagasse hemicellulose-based films,glutaraldehyde was applied when preparing films of original and cationic bagasse hemicellulose with the addition of polyvinyl alcohol and sorbitol.The...To improve the hydrophobicity of bagasse hemicellulose-based films,glutaraldehyde was applied when preparing films of original and cationic bagasse hemicellulose with the addition of polyvinyl alcohol and sorbitol.The results showed that the cationic modification could increase the hydrophobicity of the hemicellulose-based film,and the hydrophobicity of hemicellulose-based films crosslinked with glutaraldehyde also increased.However,cationic modification of hemicellulose decreased the stress of the hemicellulose-based film.While crosslinking with glutaraldehyde increased the stress of both the original and cationic hemicellulose-based films.Macrophotography indicated that the film formability of the original hemicellulose was better than that of cationic hemicellulose.Through SEM observation,the degree of bonding of different components of the films was found to be increased due to crosslinking with glutaraldehyde.The crosslinking reaction between glutaraldehyde and hemicellulose was further confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy.展开更多
Novel branched silicone methacrylate was developed.The mechanical and biological properties of the resin system were investigated to select the formula proportion with the best overall performance.The novel silicone-c...Novel branched silicone methacrylate was developed.The mechanical and biological properties of the resin system were investigated to select the formula proportion with the best overall performance.The novel silicone-containing monomers were combined with an incremental sequence of glass filler concentrations in commonly used Bis-GMA/TEGDMA(50/50,wt./wt.)dental resin systems.Physicochemical properties,surface properties,antibacterial adhesion effect,anti-biofilm effect,protein adsorption,and cytotoxicity were evaluated.The results showed that BSMs did not affect the double bond conversion of dental resin,but could reduce volumetric shrinkage(p<0.05).The BSM containing resins can resist protein and bacteria adhesion(S.mutans)because it has increased hydrophobicity and a lower free energy surface(p<0.05).However,there were no statistically significant differences in cytotoxicity,surface roughness,and double bond conversion rate.Overall,the results indicate that changes in a material’s properties are not strictly proportional to its composition.Synthetic silicone resin methacrylate can reduce the polymerization shrinkage,have low surface energy and anti-adhesion properties.Silicone composite resin containing 70%matrix has the best comprehensive properties.The silicone methacrylate composite represents an innovative method to improve the properties and reducing secondary caries.展开更多
The surface performances of directly fluorinated high density polyethylene(HDPE)are studied with Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectra,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and contact angle(CA)system. The SEM images sh...The surface performances of directly fluorinated high density polyethylene(HDPE)are studied with Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectra,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and contact angle(CA)system. The SEM images show that there is a three-layer structure called the reaction,virgin and boundary layer structure. The depth of fluorinated layer is 5.75μm with 1h fluorination time and 7.86μm with 2h.The depths are 5.46μm and 5.07μm when fluorine density is 2% and 1%,respectively.CA indicates that the HDPE surface property becomes more hydrophobic with the increasing water contact angle from 78.5° to 104.5°.Oleophobic and hydrophobic features of HDPE are identified by comparison of mass change experiments.It is shown that the increment rate of fluorinated HDPE is much lower than that of un-fluorinated HDPE filled in neither distilled water nor jet fuel.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.SQ2017YFSF060069)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51574017)
文摘The micromorphology and physicochemical properties of hydrophobic blasting dust(HBD)from an iron mine were comprehensively analyzed by laser particle size analysis(LPSA),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The results show that the HBD particles can be classified into three types based on their particle size(PS):larger particles(PS>10μm),medium particles(1μm≤PS≤10μm),and nanoparticles(PS<1μm).The cumulative volume of respirable dust(PS≤10μm)was 84.45%.In addition,three shapes of HBD were observed by SEM:prism,flake,and bulk.In particular,the small particles were mostly flaky,with a greater possibility of being inhaled.Furthermore,the body and surface chemical compounds of HBD were determined by XRD and XPS,respectively.Ammonium adipate(C6H16N2O4)was the only organic compound in the body of HBD,but its mass fraction was only 13.4%.However,the content of organic C on the surface of HBD was 85.35%.This study demonstrated that the small-particle size and large amount of organic matter on the surface of HBD are the main reasons for its hydrophobicity,which can provide important guidance for controlling respirable dust in iron mines.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51373044)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(E2017018).
文摘Polyimide(PI)composite films were synthesized incorporating amino modified silicon nitride(Si_(3)N_(4))nanoparticles into PI matrix via in situ polymerization technique.The mechanical and thermal performances as well as the hydrophobic properties of the as prepared composite films were investigated with respect to the dosage of the filler in the PI matrix.According to Thermogravimetric(TGA)analysis,meaningful improvements were achieved in T5(5%weight loss temperature)and T10(10%weight loss temperature)up to 54.1℃ and 52.4℃,respectively when amino functionalized nano Si_(3)N_(4) particles were introduced into the PI matrix.The differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)results revealed that the glass transition temperature(Tg)of the composites was considerably enhanced up to 49.7℃ when amino functionalized Si_(3)N_(4) nanoparticles were incorporated in the PI matrix.Compared to the neat PI,the PI/Si_(3)N_(4) nanocomposites exhibited very high improvement in the tensile strength as well as Young’s modulus up to 105.4%and 138.3%,respectively.Compared to the neat PI,the composites demonstrated highly decreased water absorption behavior which showed about 68.1%enhancement as the content of the nanoparticles was increased to 10 wt%.The SEM(Scanning electron microscope)images confirmed that the enhanced thermal,mechanical and water proof properties are essentially attributed to the improved compatibility of the filler with the matrix and hence,enhanced distribution inside the matrix because of the amino groups on the surface of Si_(3)N_(4) nanoparticles obtained from surface functionalization.
基金Department of Environmental Protection of Jiangsu Province for financial support(No.2007029).
文摘A hydrophobic hypercrosslinked polymeric resin LC-1 was prepared and characterized. The properties of LC-1 resin were compared with those of a commercial hypercrosstinked polymer NDA-201 resin. In addition, the dynamic adsorption of trichloroethylene (TCE) onto LC-1 under dry and humid conditions at 303 K was investigated, the result shows that LC-1 possesses high hydrophobic property and can remove TCE from gas stream without effect of high humidity efficiently.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52074327 and 51991361)。
文摘Self-healing hydrogels have attracted tremendous attention in the field of oil and gas drilling and production engineering because of their excellent self-healing performance after physical damage.In this study,a series of double network self-healing(DN_(SA))hydrogels based on hydrophobic association and ionic bond were prepared for plugging pores and fractures in formations in oil and gas drilling and production engineering.The mechanical,rheological,and self-healing properties of the DN_(SA)hydrogels were investigated.Results revealed that the DN_(SA)hydrogels exhibited excellent mechanical properties with a tensile stress of 0.67 MPa and toughness of 7069 kJ/cm^(3) owing to the synergistic effect of the double network.In addition,the DN_(SA)hydrogels exhibited excellent compression resistance,notch insensitivity,and self-healing properties.The DN_(SA)-2 hydrogel was granulated and made into gel particles with different particle sizes and used as a plugging agent.The self-healing mechanism of DN_(SA)-2 hydrogel particles in fractures was explored,and it’s plugging effect on fractures of different widths and porous media of different permeabilities were investigated.Experimental results revealed that the plugging capacity of the DN_(SA)-2 hydrogel particles for a fracture with width of 5 mm and a porous medium with a permeability of 30μm^(2) was 3.45 and 4.21 MPa,respectively,which is significantly higher than those of commonly used plugging agents in the oilfield.The DN_(SA)hydrogels with excellent mechanical and self-healing properties prepared in this study will provide a new approach for applying hydrogels in oil and gas drilling and production engineering.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376229)the Science and Technology of Shanxi Province(2015031019-5)the Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of Shanxi Province(2015021033)
文摘Hydrophobic magnesium hydroxide(MH) nanoparticles were prepared by a one-step synthesis method in a high-gravity environment generated by a novel impinging stream–rotating packed bed(IS-RPB) reactor. The reactant solutions were simultaneously and continuously pumped into the IS-RPB reactor, and then Tween80 was added as a surface modifier. The morphology, structure, and properties of blank and hydrophobic MH were characterized. The effects of MH nanoparticles on the flame retardancy, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of PP/MH composites were also studied. We found that the obtained MH nanoparticles exhibited hexagonal lamella with a mean size of 30 nm, excellent hydrophobic properties(e.g., high water contact angle of 112°), and improved thermal stability of MH. The limiting oxygen index(LOI) further showed that increased MH loading can significantly improve flame-retardant performance, which reached 29.3% for PP/MH composites with 30 wt% hydrophobic samples. The thermal stability and mechanical properties of the PP/MH composites with hydrophobic samples were also much higher than those of PP/MH composites with blank MH. Results showed that the one-step synthesis had high potential application in the large-scale production of hydrophobic MH nanoparticles.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program (SQ2020YFC190006-02)National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 51875577)Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum, Beijing (Nos. 2462019QNXZ02, 2462020YXZZ018)。
文摘Proppant is a key material for enhancing unconventional oil and gas production which requires a long distance of migration and efficient liquid conductivity paths within the hydraulic fracture.However,it is difficult to find a proppant with both high self-suspension ability and liquid conductivity.Here,a simple method is developed to coat epoxy resin onto the ceramic proppant and fabricate a novel coated proppant with high hydrophobicity,self-suspension,and liquid conductivity performance.Compared with uncoated ceramic proppants,the epoxy resin coated(ERC) proppant has a high self-suspension ability nearly 16 times that of the uncoated proppants.Besides,the hydrophobic property and the liquid conductivity of the ERC proppant increased by 83.8% and 16.71%,respectively,compared with the uncoated proppants.In summary,this novel ERC proppant provides new insights into the design of functional proppants,which are expected to be applied to oil and gas production.
文摘To improve the hydrophobicity of bagasse hemicellulose-based films,glutaraldehyde was applied when preparing films of original and cationic bagasse hemicellulose with the addition of polyvinyl alcohol and sorbitol.The results showed that the cationic modification could increase the hydrophobicity of the hemicellulose-based film,and the hydrophobicity of hemicellulose-based films crosslinked with glutaraldehyde also increased.However,cationic modification of hemicellulose decreased the stress of the hemicellulose-based film.While crosslinking with glutaraldehyde increased the stress of both the original and cationic hemicellulose-based films.Macrophotography indicated that the film formability of the original hemicellulose was better than that of cationic hemicellulose.Through SEM observation,the degree of bonding of different components of the films was found to be increased due to crosslinking with glutaraldehyde.The crosslinking reaction between glutaraldehyde and hemicellulose was further confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy.
基金This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81970974,82071162)Guangdong Financial Fund for High-Caliber Hospital Construction(174-2018-XMZC-0001-03-0125/D-15).
文摘Novel branched silicone methacrylate was developed.The mechanical and biological properties of the resin system were investigated to select the formula proportion with the best overall performance.The novel silicone-containing monomers were combined with an incremental sequence of glass filler concentrations in commonly used Bis-GMA/TEGDMA(50/50,wt./wt.)dental resin systems.Physicochemical properties,surface properties,antibacterial adhesion effect,anti-biofilm effect,protein adsorption,and cytotoxicity were evaluated.The results showed that BSMs did not affect the double bond conversion of dental resin,but could reduce volumetric shrinkage(p<0.05).The BSM containing resins can resist protein and bacteria adhesion(S.mutans)because it has increased hydrophobicity and a lower free energy surface(p<0.05).However,there were no statistically significant differences in cytotoxicity,surface roughness,and double bond conversion rate.Overall,the results indicate that changes in a material’s properties are not strictly proportional to its composition.Synthetic silicone resin methacrylate can reduce the polymerization shrinkage,have low surface energy and anti-adhesion properties.Silicone composite resin containing 70%matrix has the best comprehensive properties.The silicone methacrylate composite represents an innovative method to improve the properties and reducing secondary caries.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Innovative Research Group(50921002)the Quartermaster Materials and Fuel Ministry of PLA Air Force Logistics Department(BKJ10C043)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘The surface performances of directly fluorinated high density polyethylene(HDPE)are studied with Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)spectra,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and contact angle(CA)system. The SEM images show that there is a three-layer structure called the reaction,virgin and boundary layer structure. The depth of fluorinated layer is 5.75μm with 1h fluorination time and 7.86μm with 2h.The depths are 5.46μm and 5.07μm when fluorine density is 2% and 1%,respectively.CA indicates that the HDPE surface property becomes more hydrophobic with the increasing water contact angle from 78.5° to 104.5°.Oleophobic and hydrophobic features of HDPE are identified by comparison of mass change experiments.It is shown that the increment rate of fluorinated HDPE is much lower than that of un-fluorinated HDPE filled in neither distilled water nor jet fuel.