An Abrasion Resistant TPU/SH-SiO_(2) Superhydrophobic Coating for Anti-Icing and Anti-Corrosion Applications

As a passive anti-icing strategy,properly designed superhydrophobic coatings can demonstrate outstanding performances.However,common preparation strategies for superhydrophobic coatings often lead to environmental pollution,high energy-consumption,high-cost and other undesirable issues.Besides,the durability of superhydrophobic coating also plagues its commercial application.In this paper,we introduced a facile and environment-friendly technique for fabricating abrasion-resistant superhydrophobic surfaces using thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)and modified SiO_(2)particles(SH-SiO_(2)).Both materials are non-toxicity,low-cost,and commercial available.Our methodology has the following advantages:use of minimal amounts of formulation,take the most streamlined technical route,and no waste material.These advantages make it attractive for industrial applications,and its usage sustainability can be promised.In this study,the mechanical stability of the superhydrophobic surface was evaluated by linear wear test.It is found that the excellent wear resistance of the superhydrophobic coating benefits from the characteristics of raw materials,the preparation strategy,and the special structure.In anti-icing properties test,the TPU/SH-SiO_(2)coating exhibits the repellency to the cold droplets and the ability to extend the freezing time.The electrochemical corrosion measurement shows that the asprepared superhydrophobic surface has excellent corrosion resistance that can provide effective protection for the bare Q235 substrates.These results indicate that the TPU/SH-SiO_(2)coating possesses good abrasion resistance and has great potential in anti-corrosion and anti-icing applications.

Improving Anti-frosting Performance for Super-hydrophobic Nanocomposite Coatings

New super-hydrophobic nanocomposite coatings were formed from modified nano-sized CaCO3 particles and polyacrylate at weight ratio of 9/1-8/2. SEM and XPS analysis indicated that such hydrophobicity could be attributed to the surface nano-microstructure and the surface enrichment of fluorine atoms. As the surface hydrophobicity increased, longer time was required for formation the initial frost, which makes super-hydrophobic coatings suitable for anti-frosting purpose.

Durable Design of Superhydrophobic Coatings with TiO_(2)Particles and Al_(2)O_(3)Whiskers for the Enhanced Anti-icing Performance

Superhydrophobic coatings with high non-wetting properties are widely applied in anti-icing applications.However,the micro-nanostructures on the surfaces of superhydrophobic coatings are fragile under external forces,resulting in reduced durability.Therefore,mechanical strength and durability play a crucial role in the utilization of superhydrophobic materials.In this study,we employed a two-step spraying method to fabricate superhydrophobic FEVE-based coatings with exceptional mechanical durability,utilizing fluorinated TiO_(2)nanoparticles and fluorinated Al_(2)O_(3)microwhiskers as the fillers.The composite coating exhibited commendable non-wetting properties,displaying a contact angle of 164.84°and a sliding angle of 4.3°.On this basis,the stability of coatings was significantly improved due to the interlocking effect of Al_(2)O_(3)whiskers.After 500 tape peeling cycles,500 sandpaper abrasion tests,and 50 kg falling sand impact tests,the coatings retained superhydrophobicity,exhibiting excellent durability and application capability.Notably,the ice adhesion strength on the coatings was measured at only 65.4 kPa,while the icing delay time reached 271.8 s at-15℃.In addition,throughout 500 freezing/melting cycles,statistical analysis revealed that the superhydrophobic coatings exhibited a freezing initiation temperature as low as-17.25℃.

Properties of hydrophobic carbon-PTFE composite coating with high corrosion resistance by facile preparation on pure Ti

Composite coatings consisting of carbon and polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) were prepared on Ti alloy substrate by a simple two-step process of hydrothermal and impregnation. The morphology, composition, hydrophobic and corrosion properties of the composite coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), water contact angle method, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and electrochemical technique, respectively. The effect of PTFE content on the corrosion properties of the composite coatings was studied. It is found that the composite coating film exhibits a full coverage with uniformly distributed PTFE when 0.1 mol/L of glucose is used as carbon source and 20 wt.% PTFE suspension as impregnating solution. The coating with 20 wt.% PTFE has a good bonding strength with Ti plate and exhibits excellent hydrophobic property with a water contact angle of 142.3° as well as superior corrosion resistance with corrosion current density as low as 0.0045 μA/cm^2. With regard to its excellent hydrophobicity and corrosion resistance, the carbon-PTFE composite coating may find potential application in automobiles and metal corrosion industries.

Super-hydrophobic film deposition by an atmospheric-pressure plasma process and its anti-icing characteristics

In this work,the super-hydrophobic(SH)surface was prepared through chemical vapor deposition process by an argon atmospheric pressure plasma jet source with HMDSN(hexamethyldisilazane)as the polymerization precursor.Plasma synthesized organosilicon(SiOxCyHz)thin films with water contact angle over 160°and sliding angle below 5°,were able to be achieved.FTIR and XPS analysis indicates a large number of hydrocarbon compositions were polymerized in the thin films enduing the latter very-low surface free energy.SEM shows the SH films display micro-nanostructure and with high degree of averaged surface roughness 190 nm evaluated by AFM analysis.From experiments under controlled low-temperature and moisture conditions,the prepared SH surface exhibits good anti-icing effects.Significantly prolonging freezing time was achievable on the SH thin films for both static and sliding water droplets.This investigation demonstrates the anti-icing potentials of SH surface prepared through low-cost simple atmospheric-pressure plasma polymerization process.

Potential Hydrodynamic Performance Enhancement of Hydrokinetic Turbine with Hydrophobic Coatings

Hydrokinetic energy is a promising technology to harness predictable renewable energy from free-flowing water,tides and ocean currents.Many studies have been conducted by researchers and engineers to find out ways to enhance the performance of the hydrokinetic turbine.The current paper reports the experimental study of using hydrophobic coating as an alternative way to improve the performance of hydrokinetic turbine.A hydrophobic coating can lower the friction drag of a surface that is in contact with liquid.For hydrokinetic turbine blade,reduction in friction drag may allow a blade section to have a better lift/drag ratio and have its efficiency improved.In this study,a formula to predict the pattern of drag reduction over a hydrophobic surface has been derived.Two hydrophobic coatings were applied on NACA 63418 hydrofoils and their performances were tested.It was found that NACA 63418 hydrofoil with the hydrophobic coatings had its drag reduced by an average of 3%−4.0%.When the coatings were applied on a 350 mm diameter three-bladed turbine,the maximum increment of rotational speed of the turbine was found to be 2.5%.The performance of the two coatings against marine fouling was also investigated.The weight of plate with and without the coatings increased by 10%and 100%,respectively.

Cerium Methacrylate Assisted Preparation of Highly Thermally Conductive and Anticorrosive Multifunctional Coatings for Heat Conduction Metals Protection

Preparing polymeric coatings with well corrosion resistance and high thermal conductivity(TC)to prolong operational life and ensure service reliability of heat conductive metallic materials has long been a substantive and urgent need while a difficult task.Here we report a multifunctional epoxy composite coating(F-CB/CEP)by synthesizing cerium methacrylate and ingeniously using it as a novel curing agent with corrosion inhibit for epoxy resin and modifier for boron nitride through"cation-π"interaction.The prepared F-CB/CEP coating presents a high TC of 4.29 W m^(−1)K^(−1),which is much higher than other reported anti-corrosion polymer coatings and thereby endowing metal materials coated by this coating with outstanding thermal management performance compared with those coated by pure epoxy coating.Meanwhile,the low-frequency impedance remains at 5.1×10^(11)Ωcm^(2)even after 181 days of immersion in 3.5 wt%NaCl solution.Besides,the coating also exhibits well hydrophobicity,self-cleaning properties,temperature resistance and adhesion.This work provides valuable insights for the preparation of high-performance composite coatings with potential to be used as advanced multifunctional thermal management materials,especially for heat conduction metals protection.

Study and Characterization of Organically Modified Silica-Zirconia Anti-Graffiti Coatings Obtained by Sol-Gel

In this work, it is presented the synthesis and characterization of transparent and colorless organic-inorganic hybrid anti-graffiti protective materials obtained by sol-gel method. This type of materials is based on MTES （methyltriethoxysilane）, TPOZ （tetrapropoxide of zirconium） and PDMS （polydimethylsiloxane）. The synthesis has been carried out at 25, 35 and 45 ℃ in order to evaluate the role of temperature in the structure, microstructure and anti-graffiti behavior as well. The incorporation of zirconium within the organic modified silica network, of sols after being gelled and dried, is evident by a shoulder which increased with temperature situated at 950 cml （Si-O-Zr bonds）, and it is homogenously dispersed inside the matrix avoiding the formation of large ZrO2 precipitates. As the temperature increases, the hydrolysis and condensation reactions occur in more extension and thus, the obtained sols are more cross-linked and present more Si-O-Zr linkages. The promising anti-graffiti beha＇4ior of the protectNe hybrids was qualitatively determined being the spot removal higher than 90%.

Hydrophobic epoxy resin coated proppants with ultra-high self-suspension ability and enhanced liquid conductivity

Proppant is a key material for enhancing unconventional oil and gas production which requires a long distance of migration and efficient liquid conductivity paths within the hydraulic fracture.However,it is difficult to find a proppant with both high self-suspension ability and liquid conductivity.Here,a simple method is developed to coat epoxy resin onto the ceramic proppant and fabricate a novel coated proppant with high hydrophobicity,self-suspension,and liquid conductivity performance.Compared with uncoated ceramic proppants,the epoxy resin coated(ERC) proppant has a high self-suspension ability nearly 16 times that of the uncoated proppants.Besides,the hydrophobic property and the liquid conductivity of the ERC proppant increased by 83.8% and 16.71%,respectively,compared with the uncoated proppants.In summary,this novel ERC proppant provides new insights into the design of functional proppants,which are expected to be applied to oil and gas production.

Fabrication of Biomimetic Surface for Hydrophobic and Anti-icing Purposes via the Capillary Force Lithography

In this paper,inspired by lotus leaf surfaces,we fabricated biomimetic multi-scale micro-nano-structures by Two-Step Capillary Force Lithography(TS-CFL)and UV-assisted Capillary Force Lithography(UV-CFL).The experimental results indicated that TS-CFL was unfitted to fabricate large-area multi-scale micro-nano-structures.Conversely,UV-CFL can fabricate large-area multi-scale micro-nano-structures.We discussed the hydrophobic and anti-icing properties of the biomimetic surfaces fabricated by these two technologies.We found that small structures are significant for improving the hydrophobic anti-icing properties of single-structured or structureless surfaces.We believe that these results can complement the experimental details of both technologies and enable the development of more interesting micro-nano-structures biomimetic surfaces by both technologies in the future.

Magnetic separation of pentlandite from serpentine by selective magnetic coating

In this study, pentlandite was selectively separated from serpentine using magnetic coating technology by adjusting and optimizing pH, stirring speeds, magnetic field intensities, and dosages of sodium hexametaphosphate(SHMP) and sodium oleate(SO). A magnetic concentrate with Ni grade of 20.8% and Ni recovery of 80.5% was attained under the optimized operating conditions. Considering the above, the adsorption behaviors of SHMP and SO and the surface properties of minerals after the magnetic coating were studied by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction(XRD), and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results show that magnetite was preferentially coated on the pentlandite surfaces and sparingly coated on the serpentine surfaces in the presence of SHMP and SO. Furthermore, calculations by Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek(DLVO) theory indicate that the preferential adsorption of magnetite on the pentlandite surfaces is due to the presence of a hydrophobic interaction between the magnetite and pentlandite, which is much stronger than the interaction between magnetite and serpentine.

Improvement of Environmental Stability of the Antireflective Coating by PEG Modified SiO₂Sol

As the antireflective coating prepared by sol-gel method had poor environmental stability, sol-modified method was used to improve its performance. The alkaline silica sol was prepared in ethanol solvent by using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as precursors and aqueous ammonia as catalyst (content ~ 28%). Polyethylene glycol (PEG200) was used to modify the silica sol and the antireflective (AR) coating was prepared by dip-coating from the modified sol. The transmittance, composition, refractive index, and hydrophobicity of AR coating were discussed by combining the spectrophotometer, FTIR, Coating Wizard 32 coating design software, optical microscopy imaging system and JC2000A static droplet contact angle measurement software. Finally, the environmental stability of the AR coating was tested. The results showed that AR coating transmittance decreased by less than 0.1% after UV light for 20 hours and its transmittance decreased by about 0.57% in the humid environment for 2 months. Resistance to environmental stability has been improved.

Design and Development of Anti-Icing Aluminum Surface

An anti-icing surface has been designed and prepared with an aluminum panel by creating an artificial lotus leaf which is highly hydrophobic. The hydrophobicity of a solid surface can be generated by decreasing its surface tension and increasing the roughness of the surface. On a highly hydrophobic surface, water has a high contact angle and it can easily rolls off, carrying surface dirt and debris with it. Super-cooled water or freezing rain can also run off this highly hydrophobic surface instead of forming ice on the surface, due to the reduction of the liquid-solid adhesion. This property can also help a surface to get rid of the ice after the water becomes frozen. In this study, a Cassie-Baxter rough surface was modeled, and an aluminum panel was physically and chemically modified based on the modeled structure. Good agreement was found between predicted values and experimental results for the contact and roll-off angles of water. Most importantly, by creating this highly hydrophobic aluminum rough surface, the anti-icing and de-icing properties of the modified surface were drastically improved compared to the control aluminum surface, and the cost will be reduced.

Spontaneous,scalable,and self-similar superhydrophobic coatings for all-weather deicing

Herein,we proposed and demonstrated a facile and scalable strategy to fabricate multifunctional self-similar superhydrophobic coatings.Firstly,a hydrophobic cationic cellulose derivative containing imidazolium cation was synthesized by a controllable derivatization.It could effectively disperse one-dimensional(1D)multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNT),because the imidazolium cations formed cation–πinteractions with MWCNT.Further,the synergy effect of the cationic cellulose derivative and MWCNT dispersed two-dimensional(2D)reduced graphene oxide(rGO)to obtain a three-components nano-dispersion.Finally,via a simple spaying process,a superhydrophobic coating with self-similar micro-nano structures spontaneously formed from inside to outside,owing to the various nanostructures with different shapes and sizes in the dispersion and the adhesive effect of the cellulose derivative.This superhydrophobic coating was easy to scale,exhibited superior stability owing to the renewal micro-nano structures.It retained the superhydrophobicity even if it was treated by rubbing for 1500 times.Moreover,it had outstanding photo-thermal and Joule-heating performance,because of the strong solar absorption and high electrical conductivity of MWCNT and rGO.It provided both passive anti-icing and active deicing effects.Thus,it could achieve all-weather anti-icing for wind power generators under sunlight and low voltage conditions.Such facile preparation method and multifunctional renewable superhydrophobic coating hold great application prospects.

A Super-robust Armoured Superhydrophobic Surface with Excellent Anti-icing Ability

It has been proved that the construction of interconnected armour on superhydrophobic surface could significantly enhance the mechanical robustness.Here,a new kind of armour with frame/protrusion hybrid structure was achieved by nanosecond laser technology.Then,this armoured superhydrophobic surface demonstrated excellent durability,which could withstand linear abrasion(~3 N press)800 cycles,water jet test(1.0 MPa pressure)40 times and 100℃treatment 18 days.Particularly,the armoured superhydrophobic sample shows outstanding anti-icing ability,which can speed up the supercooled water dropping(no adhesion within 2 h),increase the freezing delay time by~3 times and maintain low adhesion force(less than 35 kPa)after 30 icing/de-icing cycles.Further finite element analysis and theoretical modeling proved that the developed frame/protuberance hybrid structure could effectively enhance the durability.The relatively low surface accuracy in this study can significantly reduce processing cost,which provides a bright future for the practical application of armour superhydrophobic materials.

风力发电机叶片防除冰涂层(二):温升数值计算及防除冰性能

针对电热超疏水涂层覆冰过程中表现出的三类不同冰层形貌,该文建立了电加热融冰数值计算模型,并对仿真计算结果进行了相应的试验验证,验证结果与仿真结果基本一致,该模型能有效模拟融冰过程和温度分布。临界融冰功率的计算结果表明,电热超疏水涂层融冰所需功率大于非超疏水电热涂层,尤其在乳突状冰层出现后,融冰功率将大幅增加。电热超疏水涂层防冰试验结果表明,在雨凇覆冰环境中,超疏水性能单独作用时,叶片在覆冰前期能延缓覆冰;电热性能与超疏水性能共同作用时,叶片无覆冰形成。电热超疏水涂层用于风力发电机防覆冰具有较好的效果,但用于覆冰后的融冰时将需要更多的能量。

医用介入导丝用疏水和亲水涂层的研究进展

医用介入导丝被广泛应用于各类介入手术,是目前经皮冠状动脉成形(PTCA)术及经皮血管成形术(PTA)中常用的医疗器械之一。在医用介入导丝表面添加亲水或疏水涂层,可以减小导丝在临床应用中的组织摩擦和组织损伤,有效提高导丝的通过性、抗菌性和生物相容性,减少炎症。综述了近年来国内外医用介入导丝亲水和疏水涂层材料,介绍了这些涂层的机理、附着力优化、抗菌修饰等方面内容,重点介绍了聚四氟乙烯、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙二醇、聚对二甲苯等涂层材料体系的研究进展,介绍了不同材料体系在医用导丝亲水和疏水涂层的作用机理和实际应用,同时介绍了亲疏水涂层的制备工艺,重点阐述了层层自组装、紫外光接枝、等离子体接枝和化学气相沉积等制备方法的可操作性、优势和劣势。最后在总结前人研究成果的基础上,对医用介入导丝涂层的现状及面临的问题进行了探讨,并对医用介入导丝涂层的发展方向及提高涂层综合性能等方面进行了展望。

F-POSS透明疏水抗菌涂层的制备及其性能

以物理气相沉积的方式,将聚合的笼型半硅氧烷材料(F-POSS)和抗菌剂吡啶硫酮锌沉积到玻璃表面,利用FT-IR、SEM、UV-Vis对其组成、形貌、光学性能进行表征,并通过对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌进行细菌计数分析,对样品的抗菌能力进行了评估。结果表明,所制备的涂层表面平整具有基体玻璃90%的透明度与118°的水接触角。涂层拥有优良的耐磨、冲击能力,具有一定自修复能力,并且对酸碱、高温等苛刻条件表现出了极佳的稳定性。同时,对常见的大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌都能在24 h内达到超过98%的杀菌能力。

涂料助剂对PDMS改性环氧树脂/Al复合涂层性能的影响

为进一步降低超疏水低红外发射率复合涂层的发射率并提高涂层的附着力,采用分散剂和硅烷偶联剂KH560来改善聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)改性环氧树脂/Al复合涂层的填料分散状态及界面结构。系统研究了分散剂添加量(质量分数)及KH560添加量(质量分数)对涂层微结构、光学性能、疏水性能及附着力的影响规律。结果表明:聚羧酸盐阴离子型分散剂可通过静电斥力和降低填料颗粒的表面能来改善涂层中片状Al粉和纳米SiO_(2)的分散状态,从而在一定程度上降低涂层的红外发射率,同时可使涂层具备较低的光泽度和良好的超疏水性能。KH560可利用其分子结构两端的甲氧基和环氧基在涂层中发挥桥连作用。通过KH560的桥连作用,涂层中的树脂基体和填料间可形成良好的化学键结合,从而使涂层表面结构更加致密,孔隙减少,进而可使涂层的发射率有所降低。同时,KH560改性可使涂层中的树脂基体与金属基板间形成化学键结合,从而可明显提高涂层的附着力。当涂层中分散剂和KH560的添加量分别为5%和3%时,涂层具有最佳的发射率(0.619)、光泽度(2.9)及附着力(1级)。同时,涂层具备良好的超疏水性能(水接触角为154°,滚动角为6°)。

氟硅树脂共混复配对透明疏水涂层性能的影响

[目的]采用低表面能且耐候性较好的氟硅树脂(FSi)作为基底材料,与光泽度较好的双酚A型环氧丙烯酸树脂(EPA)或者环氧树脂(E51)共混,制备出适用于玻璃基底的透过率高、力学性能好的疏水涂层,探讨不同树脂配比对涂层性能的影响。[方法]通过扫描电镜、接触角测量仪、紫外可见分光光度计、附着力拉拔测试仪和铅笔硬度计,对涂层进行性能测试及微观形貌表征。[结果]随着FSi含量的增大,涂层性能会受到一定影响。FSi与E51复配的效果优于FSi与EPA复配。当FSi与E51的质量比为1∶1时,涂层的附着力可达6.16 MPa,铅笔硬度3H,水接触角124.98°,透过率在可见光波长范围内可达70%以上,吸水率则只有3%~6%,磨损后的质量损失最小且水接触角仍维持在105°左右。[结论]以氟硅树脂为基底复配环氧树脂作为成膜物,可以提高透明疏水涂层的性能,具有较好的应用前景。