Enhancement of Fenton oxidation for removing organic matter from hypersaline solution by accelerating ferric system with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and benzoquinone

Fenton oxidation is generally inhibited in the presence of a high concentration of chloride ions.This study investigated the feasibility of using benzoquinone（BQ） and hydroxylamine hydrochloride（HA） as Fenton enhancers for the removal of glycerin from saline water under ambient temperature by accelerating the ferric system.It was found that organics removal was not obviously affected by chloride ions of low concentration（less than 0.1 mol/L）,while the mineralization rate was strongly inhibited in the presence of a large amount of chloride ions.In addition,ferric hydrolysis-precipitation was significantly alleviated in the presence of HA and BQ,and HA was more effective in reducing ferric ions into ferrous ions than HA,while the H_2O_2 decomposition rate was higher in the BQ-Fenton system.Electron spin resonance analysis revealed that OH production was reduced in high salinity conditions,while it was enhanced after the addition of HA and BQ（especially HA）.This study provided a possible solution to control and alleviate the inhibitory effect of chloride ions on the Fenton process for organics removal.

Direct Synthesis of Nitriles from Aldehydes in Ionic Liquids

1 Introduction Ionic liquids（ILs） are environmentally acceptable solvents because they have low vapor pressure, high thermal stability and chemical stability, excellent solvent for organic and inorganic compounds. Therefore, they can be used as green solvents for a number of chemical processes, such as separa- tions and reactions. ILs are also used as catalysts in chemical reactions to accelerate reaction rate and improve selectivity.

Validation of an Optimized Spectrophotometric Method for the Selective Determination of Labetalol Hydrochloride

A simple sensitive and economical method for the determination of labetalol hydrochloride has been proposed, based on the reaction of labetalol with sodium nitroprusside and hydroxylamine hydrochloride in sodium dihydrogen phosphate-sodium hydroxide buffer solution of pH 12. The green-blue color produced due to the formation of a nitroso derivative has been measured at 695 nm. The Beer＇s range was obeyed in the concentration range of 2-51 μg·mL^-1 with molar absorptivity of 0.48 × 10^4 L·mol^-1·cm^-1. Rigorous statistical analyses were performed for the validation of the method. A detailed investigation of the selectivity of the method has been done to find it to be highly selective for the determination of labetalol hydrochloride in the presence of its acidic degradation product and common excipients of formulations. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of labetalol hydrochloride in the laboratory prepared dosage forms. Comparison of the means of the proposed procedure with a reference method using point as well as interval hypotheses showed no statistically significant difference. The developed method was extended to investigate its applicability to biological samples.

An efficient synthesis of imidodicarbonic diamides from 1,3-thiazetidin-2-ones with NH_2OH·HCl via ring-opening reaction

A ring-opening process of 4-imino-1,3-thiazetidin-2-ones with NH2OH.HCI was described for the first time. Two different scaffolds of imidodicarbonic diamide were obtained selectively in good yields in the presence of organic base. The obtained imidodicarbonic diamides were demonstrated by X-ray diffraction analysis.