Objective To present a rare case of skin allergic reaction to gadobutrol,a magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)contrast agent,in a 37-year-old man.Methods The adverse reactions of gadobutrol were analyzed combined with the...Objective To present a rare case of skin allergic reaction to gadobutrol,a magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)contrast agent,in a 37-year-old man.Methods The adverse reactions of gadobutrol were analyzed combined with the instructions and related literatures.Results and Conclusion The presence of this patient is consistent with the adverse reactions in the instructions of gadobutrol.The incidence of ADR in gadobutrol is considered to be low,although sometimes patients report a hypersensitivity reaction when undergoing MRI.There are only a few cases of immediate adverse reactions to gadobutrol.However,we should improve the ability of medical staff to use drugs safely and take preventive measures.展开更多
Objective The characteristics of oxaliplatin-induced hypersensitivity reactions(HSRs)in Chinese patients were investigated to provide a reference for patients treated with oxaliplatin.Methods The study reviewed the re...Objective The characteristics of oxaliplatin-induced hypersensitivity reactions(HSRs)in Chinese patients were investigated to provide a reference for patients treated with oxaliplatin.Methods The study reviewed the records of patients who developed oxaliplatin-induced HSRs in 17 hospitals from May 2016 to May 2017.We collected and analyzed the basic information,history of oxaliplatin administration and premedication treatments,chemotherapy cycles,HSR symptoms,and the management and outcomes of these patients.Results Oxaliplatin-induced HSRs were recorded in 137 patients who had been treated with oxaliplatin-containing regimens.Five different chemotherapy regimens were applied.The median infusion cycle when oxaliplatin-induced HSRs occurred was 7,and HSRs occurred during or shortly after oxaliplatin infusion.Most of the patients experienced grade 1 or grade 2 HSRs with mild symptoms of pruritis(49.64%),flushing(46.72%),chest discomfort(26.28%),and urticaria(25.55%).The majority of the patients completely recovered from HSRs following treatment with antihistamines and dexamethasone.Seven patients completed chemotherapy with oxaliplatin after the symptoms resolved with proper management.Conclusion The results indicate that oxaliplatin-induced HSRs remain an important issue in safely and successfully fulfilling oxaliplatin-containing chemotherapy.Further studies are needed to analyze the risk factors and establish prophylaxis for such reactions.展开更多
Objective The effect of oral cadmium(Cd)intake to influence contact skin allergies was examined,since it is known that Cd is a heavy metal that affects many tissues,including the skin,in which it disturbs homeostasis,...Objective The effect of oral cadmium(Cd)intake to influence contact skin allergies was examined,since it is known that Cd is a heavy metal that affects many tissues,including the skin,in which it disturbs homeostasis,thus resulting in inflammation and injury.Methods Male rats were evoked with experimental contact hypersensitivity reaction(CHS)to hapten dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB),after prolonged(30 day)oral exposure to an environmentally relevant Cd dose(5 ppm).The ear cell population was analyzed with flow cytometry.Cytokine production by ear skin cells and the activity of skin-draining lymph node(DLN)cells were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Orally acquired Cd(5 ppm)increased CHS intensity only in Dark Agouti(DA)rats by affecting inflammatory responses in both the sensitization(an increase of IFN-γ and IL-17 cytokine production)and challenge(an increase of CD8^(+)and CD4^(+)cell number and TNF,IFN-γ and IL-17 cytokine production)phases.An increased CHS reaction was seen in Albino Oxford(AO)rats only at a high Cd dose(50 ppm),during the challenge phase(an increase of CD8^(+)and CD4^(+)cell number and TNF,IFN-γ and IL-17 cytokine production).Conclusion These novel data indicate that oral Cd intensifies the skin response to sensitizing chemicals such as DNCB.展开更多
BACKGROUND Atezolizumab is a programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)inhibitor,and its combination with bevacizumab has been proven an effective immunotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Treatment with immu...BACKGROUND Atezolizumab is a programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)inhibitor,and its combination with bevacizumab has been proven an effective immunotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)can lead to hypersensitivity reactions;however,anaphylactic shock is rare.We present a case of life-threatening anaphylactic shock during atezolizumab infusion and performed a relevant literature review.CASE SUMMARY A 75-year-old man was diagnosed with HCC recurrence after hepatectomy.He was administered immunotherapy with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab after an allergy to a programmed death-1(PD-1)inhibitor.The patient showed a sudden onset of dizziness,numbness,and lack of consciousness with severe hypotension during atezolizumab infusion.The treatment was stopped immediately.The patient’s symptoms resolved after 5 mg dexamethasone was administered.Because of repeated hypersensitivity reactions to ICIs,treatment was changed to oral targeted regorafenib therapy.CONCLUSION Further research is necessary for elucidating the hypersensitivity mechanisms and establishing standardized skin test and desensitization protocols associated with PD-1 and PD-L1 to ensure effective treatment with ICIs.展开更多
Objective This cross-sectional study aimed at investigating the intervention status and the influence of oncologists on oxaliplatin-induced hypersensitivity reactions(OIHR).Methods Snowball sampling was used to send q...Objective This cross-sectional study aimed at investigating the intervention status and the influence of oncologists on oxaliplatin-induced hypersensitivity reactions(OIHR).Methods Snowball sampling was used to send questionnaires to oncologists in various provinces and cities in China,via the internet,to collect data on their socio-demographic characteristics,the occurrence of OIHR,and the current status of interventions.One-way ANOVA and T-test of geographic samples were used to explore the relationship between the incidence of OIHR and intervention measures.Results A total of 401 valid questionnaires were collected,most respondents were 30–40 years old,and most oncologists had 5 years of working experience.The proportions of glucocorticoid and H1 receptor antagonist use for OIHR prevention were 67.83%and 38.65%,respectively.The proportion of oncologists with longer working years and higher professional titles who used glucocorticoids for OIHR prevention was higher,and the observed OIHR incidence was lower.Pretreatment with glucocorticoids may be an effective preventive measure and can reduce the incidence of the OXA allergic reactions(P<0.05).Conclusion The risk awareness of junior oncologists to OIHR prevention should be strengthened,and clinical efficacy evaluation of glucocorticoids in OIHR prevention should be further promoted.展开更多
Background: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a severe, life-threatening disorder caused by drugs. In the present study, we tried to explore the types of DRESS-inducing drugs, incubat...Background: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a severe, life-threatening disorder caused by drugs. In the present study, we tried to explore the types of DRESS-inducing drugs, incubation period, features of skin rashes, accompanying visceral damage, and effectiveness of glucocorticoid therapy so as to inform clinical practice. Methods: Patients diagnosed with a drug-induced rash, dermatitis, and DRESS admitted to our hospital from January 2006 to December 2015 were included in the study. The diagnosis followed the criteria and scoring system set by the European Registry of Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS version 17.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA), and a value ofP 〈 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among 104 patients, 38 were male and 66 female (aged 18-83 years). The latent period was 13 (interquartile range [IQR]: 10-17) days. The most common allergy-inducing drugs were antibiotics (n = 37, 35.6%), followed by antiepileptic drugs and traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Eighty-two cases (78.8%) had rash with area 〉50% body surface area (BSA). Liver damage occurred in 90% of cases. Patients were divided into oral antihistamine group and glucocorticoid/immunosuppressive agent/intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) group. Sex, age, incubation period, duration of hospital stay, and the number of patients with body temperature 〉38.5℃ were not significantly different between the two groups. However, the number of patients meeting the criteria of"definite" and "probable" (X2 =5.852, P = 0.016), with an eosinophilic granulocyte count of〉1.5 x10^9/L 0,2 7.129, P = 0.008), and with rash area of〉50% BSA (X2 = 4.750, P = 0.029), was significantly different. Conclusions: Antibiotics were associated with allergic reactions, but TCMs also had an important role. Allergy resulting from repeat use of the same drug was more severe with a shorter incubation period. The most typical rash was widespread erythematous papules. Liver damage accounted for 〉90% of cases.展开更多
Asparaginase is a key component in leukemias and lymphomas treatment protocols and is suggested as a treatment for other malignancies in which an amino acid depletion strategy is indicated.Asparaginase intolerance is ...Asparaginase is a key component in leukemias and lymphomas treatment protocols and is suggested as a treatment for other malignancies in which an amino acid depletion strategy is indicated.Asparaginase intolerance is subject to inter-individual variability and can manifest as hypersensitivity reactions,pancreatitis,thrombosis,as well as metabolic abnormalities,and may affect treatment outcome.Pharmacogenetics aims at enhancing treatment efficacy and safety by better understanding the genetic basis of variability and its effect on the pharmacological responses.Many groups tried to tackle the pharmacogenetics of asparaginase but the potential implementation of such findings remains debatable.In this review,we highlight the most important findings reported in studies of the pharmacogenetics of asparaginase related complications and treatment outcome in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.展开更多
文摘Objective To present a rare case of skin allergic reaction to gadobutrol,a magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)contrast agent,in a 37-year-old man.Methods The adverse reactions of gadobutrol were analyzed combined with the instructions and related literatures.Results and Conclusion The presence of this patient is consistent with the adverse reactions in the instructions of gadobutrol.The incidence of ADR in gadobutrol is considered to be low,although sometimes patients report a hypersensitivity reaction when undergoing MRI.There are only a few cases of immediate adverse reactions to gadobutrol.However,we should improve the ability of medical staff to use drugs safely and take preventive measures.
基金supported by grants from the Hubei Center for Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring(No.20160422)the Research-oriented Clinician Plan of Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology(No.5001540076).
文摘Objective The characteristics of oxaliplatin-induced hypersensitivity reactions(HSRs)in Chinese patients were investigated to provide a reference for patients treated with oxaliplatin.Methods The study reviewed the records of patients who developed oxaliplatin-induced HSRs in 17 hospitals from May 2016 to May 2017.We collected and analyzed the basic information,history of oxaliplatin administration and premedication treatments,chemotherapy cycles,HSR symptoms,and the management and outcomes of these patients.Results Oxaliplatin-induced HSRs were recorded in 137 patients who had been treated with oxaliplatin-containing regimens.Five different chemotherapy regimens were applied.The median infusion cycle when oxaliplatin-induced HSRs occurred was 7,and HSRs occurred during or shortly after oxaliplatin infusion.Most of the patients experienced grade 1 or grade 2 HSRs with mild symptoms of pruritis(49.64%),flushing(46.72%),chest discomfort(26.28%),and urticaria(25.55%).The majority of the patients completely recovered from HSRs following treatment with antihistamines and dexamethasone.Seven patients completed chemotherapy with oxaliplatin after the symptoms resolved with proper management.Conclusion The results indicate that oxaliplatin-induced HSRs remain an important issue in safely and successfully fulfilling oxaliplatin-containing chemotherapy.Further studies are needed to analyze the risk factors and establish prophylaxis for such reactions.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia[451-03-68/2020-14/200007]。
文摘Objective The effect of oral cadmium(Cd)intake to influence contact skin allergies was examined,since it is known that Cd is a heavy metal that affects many tissues,including the skin,in which it disturbs homeostasis,thus resulting in inflammation and injury.Methods Male rats were evoked with experimental contact hypersensitivity reaction(CHS)to hapten dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB),after prolonged(30 day)oral exposure to an environmentally relevant Cd dose(5 ppm).The ear cell population was analyzed with flow cytometry.Cytokine production by ear skin cells and the activity of skin-draining lymph node(DLN)cells were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results Orally acquired Cd(5 ppm)increased CHS intensity only in Dark Agouti(DA)rats by affecting inflammatory responses in both the sensitization(an increase of IFN-γ and IL-17 cytokine production)and challenge(an increase of CD8^(+)and CD4^(+)cell number and TNF,IFN-γ and IL-17 cytokine production)phases.An increased CHS reaction was seen in Albino Oxford(AO)rats only at a high Cd dose(50 ppm),during the challenge phase(an increase of CD8^(+)and CD4^(+)cell number and TNF,IFN-γ and IL-17 cytokine production).Conclusion These novel data indicate that oral Cd intensifies the skin response to sensitizing chemicals such as DNCB.
基金Medical Health Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Provincial Health Commission,China,No.2020372769.
文摘BACKGROUND Atezolizumab is a programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1)inhibitor,and its combination with bevacizumab has been proven an effective immunotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)can lead to hypersensitivity reactions;however,anaphylactic shock is rare.We present a case of life-threatening anaphylactic shock during atezolizumab infusion and performed a relevant literature review.CASE SUMMARY A 75-year-old man was diagnosed with HCC recurrence after hepatectomy.He was administered immunotherapy with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab after an allergy to a programmed death-1(PD-1)inhibitor.The patient showed a sudden onset of dizziness,numbness,and lack of consciousness with severe hypotension during atezolizumab infusion.The treatment was stopped immediately.The patient’s symptoms resolved after 5 mg dexamethasone was administered.Because of repeated hypersensitivity reactions to ICIs,treatment was changed to oral targeted regorafenib therapy.CONCLUSION Further research is necessary for elucidating the hypersensitivity mechanisms and establishing standardized skin test and desensitization protocols associated with PD-1 and PD-L1 to ensure effective treatment with ICIs.
基金Supported by grants from the Hubei Center for Adverse drug reaction Monitoring(No.20160422)the funding for research-oriented clinician plan of Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology(No.5001540076)the Health Research Fund of Hubei Province(No.WJ2019M117).
文摘Objective This cross-sectional study aimed at investigating the intervention status and the influence of oncologists on oxaliplatin-induced hypersensitivity reactions(OIHR).Methods Snowball sampling was used to send questionnaires to oncologists in various provinces and cities in China,via the internet,to collect data on their socio-demographic characteristics,the occurrence of OIHR,and the current status of interventions.One-way ANOVA and T-test of geographic samples were used to explore the relationship between the incidence of OIHR and intervention measures.Results A total of 401 valid questionnaires were collected,most respondents were 30–40 years old,and most oncologists had 5 years of working experience.The proportions of glucocorticoid and H1 receptor antagonist use for OIHR prevention were 67.83%and 38.65%,respectively.The proportion of oncologists with longer working years and higher professional titles who used glucocorticoids for OIHR prevention was higher,and the observed OIHR incidence was lower.Pretreatment with glucocorticoids may be an effective preventive measure and can reduce the incidence of the OXA allergic reactions(P<0.05).Conclusion The risk awareness of junior oncologists to OIHR prevention should be strengthened,and clinical efficacy evaluation of glucocorticoids in OIHR prevention should be further promoted.
文摘Background: Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a severe, life-threatening disorder caused by drugs. In the present study, we tried to explore the types of DRESS-inducing drugs, incubation period, features of skin rashes, accompanying visceral damage, and effectiveness of glucocorticoid therapy so as to inform clinical practice. Methods: Patients diagnosed with a drug-induced rash, dermatitis, and DRESS admitted to our hospital from January 2006 to December 2015 were included in the study. The diagnosis followed the criteria and scoring system set by the European Registry of Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS version 17.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA), and a value ofP 〈 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Among 104 patients, 38 were male and 66 female (aged 18-83 years). The latent period was 13 (interquartile range [IQR]: 10-17) days. The most common allergy-inducing drugs were antibiotics (n = 37, 35.6%), followed by antiepileptic drugs and traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Eighty-two cases (78.8%) had rash with area 〉50% body surface area (BSA). Liver damage occurred in 90% of cases. Patients were divided into oral antihistamine group and glucocorticoid/immunosuppressive agent/intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) group. Sex, age, incubation period, duration of hospital stay, and the number of patients with body temperature 〉38.5℃ were not significantly different between the two groups. However, the number of patients meeting the criteria of"definite" and "probable" (X2 =5.852, P = 0.016), with an eosinophilic granulocyte count of〉1.5 x10^9/L 0,2 7.129, P = 0.008), and with rash area of〉50% BSA (X2 = 4.750, P = 0.029), was significantly different. Conclusions: Antibiotics were associated with allergic reactions, but TCMs also had an important role. Allergy resulting from repeat use of the same drug was more severe with a shorter incubation period. The most typical rash was widespread erythematous papules. Liver damage accounted for 〉90% of cases.
基金The authors would like to thank the Charles Bruneau Foundation for the constant supportKrajinovic M currently holds grants from Cancer Research Society and the Network of Applied Medical Genetics(RMGA)。
文摘Asparaginase is a key component in leukemias and lymphomas treatment protocols and is suggested as a treatment for other malignancies in which an amino acid depletion strategy is indicated.Asparaginase intolerance is subject to inter-individual variability and can manifest as hypersensitivity reactions,pancreatitis,thrombosis,as well as metabolic abnormalities,and may affect treatment outcome.Pharmacogenetics aims at enhancing treatment efficacy and safety by better understanding the genetic basis of variability and its effect on the pharmacological responses.Many groups tried to tackle the pharmacogenetics of asparaginase but the potential implementation of such findings remains debatable.In this review,we highlight the most important findings reported in studies of the pharmacogenetics of asparaginase related complications and treatment outcome in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.