Medical and alternative therapies in urinary tract stone disease

Nephrolithiasis is a serious problem for both patients and the health system. Recurrence stands out as a significant problem in urinary system stone disease, the prevalence of which is increasing gradually. If recurrence is not prevented, patients may go through recurrent operations due to nephrolithiasis. While classical therapeutic options are available for all stone types, the number of randomized controlled studies and extensive meta-analyses focusing on their effciency are inadequate. Various alternative therapeutic options to these medical therapies also stand out in recent years. The etiology of urolithiasis is multifactorial and not always related to nutritional factors. Nutrition therapy seems to be useful, either along with pharmacological therapy or as a monotherapy. General nutrition guide-lines are useful in promoting public health and deve-loping nutrition plans that reduce the risk or attenuate the effects of diseases affected by nutrition. Nutrition therapy involves the evaluation of a patient’s nutritional state and intake, the diagnosis of nutrition risk factors, and the organization and application of a nutrition program. The main target is the reduction or prevention of calculus formation and growth via decreasing litho-genic risk factors and increasing lithogenic inhibitors in urine. This review focuses briefly on classical medical therapy, along with alternative options, related diets, and medical expulsive therapy.

尿N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性测定在高尿酸血症中的临床意义

目的:探讨尿NAG活性测定对高尿酸血症患者尿酸盐晶体对肾损害的早期诊断。方法:用对硝基苯酚(PNP)比色法测定55例高尿酸血症患者和20例正常健康对照者的尿NAG值,以尿NAG测定值与尿Cr比值表示其活性。结果:高尿酸血症患者尿NAG值较正常对照组明显增高(Z=-4·271,P<0·01),患者组尿NAG活性为3·5796±3·3957(U/mmolCr),以正常人尿NAG的-x+2s(1·8798U/mmolCr)为阳性界值,阳性率为69·1%。结论:提示尿NAG可作为高尿酸血症患者早期肾功能损害的观测指标,尤其对痛风肾的早期诊断有重要意义。

杨梅素、葛根素对高尿酸血症的影响及其意义

目的:观察杨梅素、葛根素治疗前后高尿酸血症患者血清尿酸的变化。探讨杨梅素、葛根素治疗高尿酸血症的机制。方法:120例高尿酸血症患者随机分布为对照组、杨梅素组、葛根素组,分别测量治疗前后血清尿酸(UA)水平。结果:杨梅素、葛根素治疗组UA的水平明显下降(P<0.05)。结论:杨梅素、葛根素治疗高尿酸血症有重要意义。