In order to obtain the sharp cube texture,a new process,the intermediate annealing rolling technique,has been introduced to prepare the Ni7W substrate.In this paper,a cubic texture content up to 98.5%within 10°of...In order to obtain the sharp cube texture,a new process,the intermediate annealing rolling technique,has been introduced to prepare the Ni7W substrate.In this paper,a cubic texture content up to 98.5%within 10°of the standard cubic orientation is obtained in the final substrate and the influence of this improved rolling technique on the cube texture formation has been discussed.The results show that the increased cube texture in the Ni7W substrate is caused by the optimized deformation texture and the increased nucleated fraction of the cube grains.展开更多
A critical problem in the cube attack is how to recover superpolies efficiently.As the targeting number of rounds of an iterative stream cipher increases,the scale of its superpolies becomes larger and larger.Recently...A critical problem in the cube attack is how to recover superpolies efficiently.As the targeting number of rounds of an iterative stream cipher increases,the scale of its superpolies becomes larger and larger.Recently,to recover massive superpolies,the nested monomial prediction technique,the algorithm based on the divide-and-conquer strategy,and stretching cube attacks were proposed,which have been used to recover a superpoly with over ten million monomials for the NFSR-based stream ciphers such as Trivium and Grain-128AEAD.Nevertheless,when these methods are used to recover superpolies,many invalid calculations are performed,which makes recovering superpolies more difficult.This study finds an interesting observation that can be used to improve the above methods.Based on the observation,a new method is proposed to avoid a part of invalid calculations during the process of recovering superpolies.Then,the new method is applied to the nested monomial prediction technique and an improved superpoly recovery framework is presented.To verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme,the improved framework is applied to 844-and 846-round Trivium and the exact ANFs of the superpolies is obtained with over one hundred million monomials,showing the improved superpoly recovery technique is powerful.Besides,extensive experiments on other scaled-down variants of NFSR-based stream ciphers show that the proposed scheme indeed could be more efficient on the superpoly recovery against NFSR-based stream ciphers.展开更多
This paper presents the first-ever investigation of Menger fractal cubes'quasi-static compression and impact behaviour.Menger cubes with different void ratios were 3D printed using polylactic acid(PLA)with dimensi...This paper presents the first-ever investigation of Menger fractal cubes'quasi-static compression and impact behaviour.Menger cubes with different void ratios were 3D printed using polylactic acid(PLA)with dimensions of 40 mm×40 mm×40 mm.Three different orders of Menger cubes with different void ratios were considered,namely M1 with a void ratio of 0.26,M2 with a void ratio of 0.45,and M3with a void ratio of 0.60.Quasi-static Compression tests were conducted using a universal testing machine,while the drop hammer was used to observe the behaviour under impact loading.The fracture mechanism,energy efficiency and force-time histories were studied.With the structured nature of the void formation and predictability of the failure modes,the Menger geometry showed some promise compared to other alternatives,such as foams and honeycombs.With the increasing void ratio,the Menger geometries show force-displacement behaviour similar to hyper-elastic materials such as rubber and polymers.The third-order Menger cubes showed the highest energy absorption efficiency compared to the other two geometries in this study.The findings of the present work reveal the possibility of using additively manufactured Menger geometries as an energy-efficient system capable of reducing the transmitting force in applications such as crash barriers.展开更多
目的:研究MRI 3D CUBE T_(2)序列检查在踝关节外伤患者韧带损伤诊断中的价值。方法:选择2020年4月—2023年4月于白银市第一人民医院就诊的226例踝关节外伤拟行手术术前患者作为研究对象,按照不同检查方式将患者分为观察组(n=126)与对照...目的:研究MRI 3D CUBE T_(2)序列检查在踝关节外伤患者韧带损伤诊断中的价值。方法:选择2020年4月—2023年4月于白银市第一人民医院就诊的226例踝关节外伤拟行手术术前患者作为研究对象,按照不同检查方式将患者分为观察组(n=126)与对照组(n=100)。观察组采用MRI 3D CUBE T_(2)序列检查,对照组采取常规MRI检查。比较两组患侧、健侧距腓前韧带测量结果、诊断效能。结果:两组患侧、健侧距腓前韧带宽度及厚度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组Ⅰ级踝关节外伤患者韧带损伤诊断准确度、敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值高于对照组,Ⅱ级患者准确度、敏感度、阴性预测值高于对照组,Ⅲ级患者准确度、特异度、阳性预测值高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:MRI 3D CUBE T_(2)序列检查踝关节外伤患者韧带损伤诊断效能高于常规MRI检查,可作为治疗效果评价及康复治疗的重要依据。展开更多
Instead of the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process,the researchers proposed a way to produce ammonia using water and nitrogen as feedstock,powered by electricity,without polluting the environment.Nevertheless,how to ...Instead of the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process,the researchers proposed a way to produce ammonia using water and nitrogen as feedstock,powered by electricity,without polluting the environment.Nevertheless,how to design efficient electrocatalyst for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)is still urgent and challenging.Herein,a strategy is proposed to adjust the morphology and surface electronic structure of electrocatalyst by optimizing material synthesis method.LiNbO3(lithium niobate,LN)cubes with oxygen-rich vacancy and regular morphology were synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis and followed molten salt calcination process,which were used for electrocatalytic NRR under mild conditions.Compared with LN nanoparticles synthesized by solid phase reaction,LN cubes exhibit better NRR performance,with the highest ammonia yield rate(13.74μg.h^(-1).mg^(-1))at the best potential of-0.45V(vs.reversible hydrogen electrode,RHE)and the best Faradaic efficiency(85.43%)at-0.4 V.Moreover,LN cubes electrocatalyst also demonstrates high stability in 7 cycles and 18 h current-time tests.Further investigation of the reaction mechanism confirmed that the structure of oxygen vacancy could adjust the electronic structure of the electrocatalyst,which was conducive to the adsorption and activation of N_(2) molecule and also increased the ECSA of electrocatalyst,thus providing more active sites for the NRR process.展开更多
To shed some light on the John-Nirenberg space,the authors of this article introduce the John-Nirenberg-Q space via congruent cubes,JNQp,qα(Rn),which,when p=∞and q=2,coincides with the space Qα(Rn)introduced by Ess...To shed some light on the John-Nirenberg space,the authors of this article introduce the John-Nirenberg-Q space via congruent cubes,JNQp,qα(Rn),which,when p=∞and q=2,coincides with the space Qα(Rn)introduced by Essen,Janson,Peng and Xiao in[Indiana Univ Math J,2000,49(2):575-615].Moreover,the authors show that,for some particular indices,JNQp,qα(Rn)coincides with the congruent John-Nirenberg space,or that the(fractional)Sobolev space is continuously embedded into JNQp,qα(Rn).Furthermore,the authors characterize JNQp,qα(Rn)via mean oscillations,and then use this characterization to study the dyadic counterparts.Also,the authors obtain some properties of composition operators on such spaces.The main novelties of this article are twofold:establishing a general equivalence principle for a kind of’almost increasing’set function that is here introduced,and using the fine geometrical properties of dyadic cubes to properly classify any collection of cubes with pairwise disjoint interiors and equal edge length.展开更多
Many approaches have been proposed to pre-compute data cubes in order to efficiently respond to OLAP queries in data warehouses. However, few have proposed solutions integrating all of the possible outcomes, and it is...Many approaches have been proposed to pre-compute data cubes in order to efficiently respond to OLAP queries in data warehouses. However, few have proposed solutions integrating all of the possible outcomes, and it is this idea that leads the integration of hierarchical dimensions into these responses. To meet this need, we propose, in this paper, a complete redefinition of the framework and the formal definition of traditional database analysis through the prism of hierarchical dimensions. After characterizing the hierarchical data cube lattice, we introduce the hierarchical data cube and its most concise reduced representation, the closed hierarchical data cube. It offers compact replication so as to optimize storage space by removing redundancies of strongly correlated data. Such data are typical of data warehouses, and in particular in video games, our field of study and experimentation, where hierarchical dimension attributes are widely represented.展开更多
基金Funded by the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(No.2212025)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12042506)+1 种基金Magnetic Resonance Union of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2020GZL001)the General Program of Science and Technology Development Project of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(No.KM202010005007)。
文摘In order to obtain the sharp cube texture,a new process,the intermediate annealing rolling technique,has been introduced to prepare the Ni7W substrate.In this paper,a cubic texture content up to 98.5%within 10°of the standard cubic orientation is obtained in the final substrate and the influence of this improved rolling technique on the cube texture formation has been discussed.The results show that the increased cube texture in the Ni7W substrate is caused by the optimized deformation texture and the increased nucleated fraction of the cube grains.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(62372464)。
文摘A critical problem in the cube attack is how to recover superpolies efficiently.As the targeting number of rounds of an iterative stream cipher increases,the scale of its superpolies becomes larger and larger.Recently,to recover massive superpolies,the nested monomial prediction technique,the algorithm based on the divide-and-conquer strategy,and stretching cube attacks were proposed,which have been used to recover a superpoly with over ten million monomials for the NFSR-based stream ciphers such as Trivium and Grain-128AEAD.Nevertheless,when these methods are used to recover superpolies,many invalid calculations are performed,which makes recovering superpolies more difficult.This study finds an interesting observation that can be used to improve the above methods.Based on the observation,a new method is proposed to avoid a part of invalid calculations during the process of recovering superpolies.Then,the new method is applied to the nested monomial prediction technique and an improved superpoly recovery framework is presented.To verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme,the improved framework is applied to 844-and 846-round Trivium and the exact ANFs of the superpolies is obtained with over one hundred million monomials,showing the improved superpoly recovery technique is powerful.Besides,extensive experiments on other scaled-down variants of NFSR-based stream ciphers show that the proposed scheme indeed could be more efficient on the superpoly recovery against NFSR-based stream ciphers.
文摘This paper presents the first-ever investigation of Menger fractal cubes'quasi-static compression and impact behaviour.Menger cubes with different void ratios were 3D printed using polylactic acid(PLA)with dimensions of 40 mm×40 mm×40 mm.Three different orders of Menger cubes with different void ratios were considered,namely M1 with a void ratio of 0.26,M2 with a void ratio of 0.45,and M3with a void ratio of 0.60.Quasi-static Compression tests were conducted using a universal testing machine,while the drop hammer was used to observe the behaviour under impact loading.The fracture mechanism,energy efficiency and force-time histories were studied.With the structured nature of the void formation and predictability of the failure modes,the Menger geometry showed some promise compared to other alternatives,such as foams and honeycombs.With the increasing void ratio,the Menger geometries show force-displacement behaviour similar to hyper-elastic materials such as rubber and polymers.The third-order Menger cubes showed the highest energy absorption efficiency compared to the other two geometries in this study.The findings of the present work reveal the possibility of using additively manufactured Menger geometries as an energy-efficient system capable of reducing the transmitting force in applications such as crash barriers.
文摘目的:研究MRI 3D CUBE T_(2)序列检查在踝关节外伤患者韧带损伤诊断中的价值。方法:选择2020年4月—2023年4月于白银市第一人民医院就诊的226例踝关节外伤拟行手术术前患者作为研究对象,按照不同检查方式将患者分为观察组(n=126)与对照组(n=100)。观察组采用MRI 3D CUBE T_(2)序列检查,对照组采取常规MRI检查。比较两组患侧、健侧距腓前韧带测量结果、诊断效能。结果:两组患侧、健侧距腓前韧带宽度及厚度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组Ⅰ级踝关节外伤患者韧带损伤诊断准确度、敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值高于对照组,Ⅱ级患者准确度、敏感度、阴性预测值高于对照组,Ⅲ级患者准确度、特异度、阳性预测值高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:MRI 3D CUBE T_(2)序列检查踝关节外伤患者韧带损伤诊断效能高于常规MRI检查,可作为治疗效果评价及康复治疗的重要依据。
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075196,21878204)Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province(International Cooperation,201903D421073)Research Project Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(2022-050).
文摘Instead of the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process,the researchers proposed a way to produce ammonia using water and nitrogen as feedstock,powered by electricity,without polluting the environment.Nevertheless,how to design efficient electrocatalyst for electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)is still urgent and challenging.Herein,a strategy is proposed to adjust the morphology and surface electronic structure of electrocatalyst by optimizing material synthesis method.LiNbO3(lithium niobate,LN)cubes with oxygen-rich vacancy and regular morphology were synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis and followed molten salt calcination process,which were used for electrocatalytic NRR under mild conditions.Compared with LN nanoparticles synthesized by solid phase reaction,LN cubes exhibit better NRR performance,with the highest ammonia yield rate(13.74μg.h^(-1).mg^(-1))at the best potential of-0.45V(vs.reversible hydrogen electrode,RHE)and the best Faradaic efficiency(85.43%)at-0.4 V.Moreover,LN cubes electrocatalyst also demonstrates high stability in 7 cycles and 18 h current-time tests.Further investigation of the reaction mechanism confirmed that the structure of oxygen vacancy could adjust the electronic structure of the electrocatalyst,which was conducive to the adsorption and activation of N_(2) molecule and also increased the ECSA of electrocatalyst,thus providing more active sites for the NRR process.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12122102 and 11871100)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0712900)。
文摘To shed some light on the John-Nirenberg space,the authors of this article introduce the John-Nirenberg-Q space via congruent cubes,JNQp,qα(Rn),which,when p=∞and q=2,coincides with the space Qα(Rn)introduced by Essen,Janson,Peng and Xiao in[Indiana Univ Math J,2000,49(2):575-615].Moreover,the authors show that,for some particular indices,JNQp,qα(Rn)coincides with the congruent John-Nirenberg space,or that the(fractional)Sobolev space is continuously embedded into JNQp,qα(Rn).Furthermore,the authors characterize JNQp,qα(Rn)via mean oscillations,and then use this characterization to study the dyadic counterparts.Also,the authors obtain some properties of composition operators on such spaces.The main novelties of this article are twofold:establishing a general equivalence principle for a kind of’almost increasing’set function that is here introduced,and using the fine geometrical properties of dyadic cubes to properly classify any collection of cubes with pairwise disjoint interiors and equal edge length.
文摘Many approaches have been proposed to pre-compute data cubes in order to efficiently respond to OLAP queries in data warehouses. However, few have proposed solutions integrating all of the possible outcomes, and it is this idea that leads the integration of hierarchical dimensions into these responses. To meet this need, we propose, in this paper, a complete redefinition of the framework and the formal definition of traditional database analysis through the prism of hierarchical dimensions. After characterizing the hierarchical data cube lattice, we introduce the hierarchical data cube and its most concise reduced representation, the closed hierarchical data cube. It offers compact replication so as to optimize storage space by removing redundancies of strongly correlated data. Such data are typical of data warehouses, and in particular in video games, our field of study and experimentation, where hierarchical dimension attributes are widely represented.
