Nephrolithiasis is a serious problem for both patients and the health system. Recurrence stands out as a significant problem in urinary system stone disease, the prevalence of which is increasing gradually. If recurre...Nephrolithiasis is a serious problem for both patients and the health system. Recurrence stands out as a significant problem in urinary system stone disease, the prevalence of which is increasing gradually. If recurrence is not prevented, patients may go through recurrent operations due to nephrolithiasis. While classical therapeutic options are available for all stone types, the number of randomized controlled studies and extensive meta-analyses focusing on their effciency are inadequate. Various alternative therapeutic options to these medical therapies also stand out in recent years. The etiology of urolithiasis is multifactorial and not always related to nutritional factors. Nutrition therapy seems to be useful, either along with pharmacological therapy or as a monotherapy. General nutrition guide-lines are useful in promoting public health and deve-loping nutrition plans that reduce the risk or attenuate the effects of diseases affected by nutrition. Nutrition therapy involves the evaluation of a patient’s nutritional state and intake, the diagnosis of nutrition risk factors, and the organization and application of a nutrition program. The main target is the reduction or prevention of calculus formation and growth via decreasing litho-genic risk factors and increasing lithogenic inhibitors in urine. This review focuses briefly on classical medical therapy, along with alternative options, related diets, and medical expulsive therapy.展开更多
Urolithiasis (UL) is an endemic disease in Southeastern, Mexico. In order to evaluate the association of I550V polymorphism in the hNaDC-1 gene with risk for hypocitraturia and/or for UL;139 adults with UL and 132 adu...Urolithiasis (UL) is an endemic disease in Southeastern, Mexico. In order to evaluate the association of I550V polymorphism in the hNaDC-1 gene with risk for hypocitraturia and/or for UL;139 adults with UL and 132 adults without UL, were included under a case-control association study. Citrate levels in 24-h urine were quantified (citraturia). The polymorphism I550V-hNaDC-1 was determined by PCR-RFLP. Statistical analysis was performed using the STATA10.2 software. Comparison of genotype and allele frequencies between subjects with and without UL showed significant differences for genotype bb (OR = 2.34, CI: 1.19-4.59, p = 0.01) and for allele b (OR = 1.62, CI: 1.15-2.28, p = 0.005), suggesting an association with the risk for UL. Comparison of genotype and allele frequencies between subjects with hypocitraturia and subjects with normocitraturia, did not show any significant difference (p > 0.05), suggesting that this polymorphism is not associated with the risk of hypocitraturia. Interestingly, the risk for UL was increased due to an additive effect of hypocitraturia with the genotype bb (OR = 6.6, CI: 2.38-18.28, p = 0.0002) or with the allele b (OR: 4.2, CI = 2.52-6.97,展开更多
目的细胞水平上检测干扰维生素D受体(vitamin D receptor,VDR)基因表达对钠/二羧酸协同转运蛋白1(Na(+)-dicarboxylate cotransporter,NaDC)在HK-2细胞中的表达的影响,探讨VDR与NaDC1在尿枸橼酸调控中的关系。方法设计6条VDR基因的siRNA...目的细胞水平上检测干扰维生素D受体(vitamin D receptor,VDR)基因表达对钠/二羧酸协同转运蛋白1(Na(+)-dicarboxylate cotransporter,NaDC)在HK-2细胞中的表达的影响,探讨VDR与NaDC1在尿枸橼酸调控中的关系。方法设计6条VDR基因的siRNA,用脂质体法转染人肾近曲小管上皮HK-2细胞株,通过qPCR和Western Blot检测HK-2细胞VDR m RNA和蛋白质的表达水平,筛选有效的siRNA,用以转染HK-2细胞株,通过qPCR和WB检测细胞株中NaDC1 m RNA和蛋白的表达水平。结果siRNA-2、siRNA-3和siRNA-4能够显著降低VDRmRNA和蛋白质表达水平(P<0.05),用以后续实验发现siRNA-2、siRNA-3和siRNA-4组NaDC1的m RNA和蛋白质表达水平显著降低(P<0.05)。结论在HK-2细胞中,在一定表达水平范围内,VDR调控NaDC1的表达,两者表达水平呈正相关。由于VDR的表达上调引起了NaDC1的表达也相应上调,从而使NaDC1的转运活性增加,尿枸橼酸在肾近曲小管的重吸收也增加,表现为低枸橼酸尿症。展开更多
文摘Nephrolithiasis is a serious problem for both patients and the health system. Recurrence stands out as a significant problem in urinary system stone disease, the prevalence of which is increasing gradually. If recurrence is not prevented, patients may go through recurrent operations due to nephrolithiasis. While classical therapeutic options are available for all stone types, the number of randomized controlled studies and extensive meta-analyses focusing on their effciency are inadequate. Various alternative therapeutic options to these medical therapies also stand out in recent years. The etiology of urolithiasis is multifactorial and not always related to nutritional factors. Nutrition therapy seems to be useful, either along with pharmacological therapy or as a monotherapy. General nutrition guide-lines are useful in promoting public health and deve-loping nutrition plans that reduce the risk or attenuate the effects of diseases affected by nutrition. Nutrition therapy involves the evaluation of a patient’s nutritional state and intake, the diagnosis of nutrition risk factors, and the organization and application of a nutrition program. The main target is the reduction or prevention of calculus formation and growth via decreasing litho-genic risk factors and increasing lithogenic inhibitors in urine. This review focuses briefly on classical medical therapy, along with alternative options, related diets, and medical expulsive therapy.
文摘Urolithiasis (UL) is an endemic disease in Southeastern, Mexico. In order to evaluate the association of I550V polymorphism in the hNaDC-1 gene with risk for hypocitraturia and/or for UL;139 adults with UL and 132 adults without UL, were included under a case-control association study. Citrate levels in 24-h urine were quantified (citraturia). The polymorphism I550V-hNaDC-1 was determined by PCR-RFLP. Statistical analysis was performed using the STATA10.2 software. Comparison of genotype and allele frequencies between subjects with and without UL showed significant differences for genotype bb (OR = 2.34, CI: 1.19-4.59, p = 0.01) and for allele b (OR = 1.62, CI: 1.15-2.28, p = 0.005), suggesting an association with the risk for UL. Comparison of genotype and allele frequencies between subjects with hypocitraturia and subjects with normocitraturia, did not show any significant difference (p > 0.05), suggesting that this polymorphism is not associated with the risk of hypocitraturia. Interestingly, the risk for UL was increased due to an additive effect of hypocitraturia with the genotype bb (OR = 6.6, CI: 2.38-18.28, p = 0.0002) or with the allele b (OR: 4.2, CI = 2.52-6.97,
文摘目的细胞水平上检测干扰维生素D受体(vitamin D receptor,VDR)基因表达对钠/二羧酸协同转运蛋白1(Na(+)-dicarboxylate cotransporter,NaDC)在HK-2细胞中的表达的影响,探讨VDR与NaDC1在尿枸橼酸调控中的关系。方法设计6条VDR基因的siRNA,用脂质体法转染人肾近曲小管上皮HK-2细胞株,通过qPCR和Western Blot检测HK-2细胞VDR m RNA和蛋白质的表达水平,筛选有效的siRNA,用以转染HK-2细胞株,通过qPCR和WB检测细胞株中NaDC1 m RNA和蛋白的表达水平。结果siRNA-2、siRNA-3和siRNA-4能够显著降低VDRmRNA和蛋白质表达水平(P<0.05),用以后续实验发现siRNA-2、siRNA-3和siRNA-4组NaDC1的m RNA和蛋白质表达水平显著降低(P<0.05)。结论在HK-2细胞中,在一定表达水平范围内,VDR调控NaDC1的表达,两者表达水平呈正相关。由于VDR的表达上调引起了NaDC1的表达也相应上调,从而使NaDC1的转运活性增加,尿枸橼酸在肾近曲小管的重吸收也增加,表现为低枸橼酸尿症。
