基于COⅠ基因和D-loop序列的东海鳓鱼种质资源遗传变异研究

以东海区鳓鱼背部肌肉的线粒体DNA作为模板,对16个个体的COⅠ基因和D-loop序列进行了扩增,通过对PCR产物进行双向测序,最终得到了691 bp的COⅠ基因片段和718 bp的D-loop序列片断。用DNASP软件分析得知,16个COⅠ基因序列定义了6个单倍型(在GenBank登录号:HM030765-HM030768,HM030769-HM030770),在6个单倍型中,共检测到6个变异位点,其中有5个变异位点发生在第三密码子位置上,有1个变异位点发生在第一密码子位置上。东海区鳓鱼16个个体D-loop序列共定义了14个单倍型(GenBank登录号:HM030781,HM030783-HM030792,HM030794-HM030796)。除去插入/缺失位点,14个单倍型共检测到30个多态位点,主要发生在D-loop序列的两端区域;D-loop序列还检测到80个插入或缺失位点,碱基插入主要发生在340～419 bp之间的中央区域,以40 bp重复片断插入的形式进行。每个个体含有2～4个连续重复片断。对鳓鱼进行了遗传多样性分析,COⅠ基因序列的单倍型多样性为0.617,核苷酸多样性指数为0.001 37,平均核苷酸差异数为0.950。D-loop序列的单倍型多样性为0.983,核苷酸多样性指数为0.009 98,平均核苷酸差异数为6.367。综合分析,东海区鳓鱼的遗传多样性并不高,有必要采取综合措施对其进行种质资源保护。

基于FLO-2D的泥石流工程治理效果分析——以都江堰银洞子沟泥石流为例

选取地震区典型泥石流沟银洞子沟作为研究对象,运用FLO-2D软件再现该沟2013年泥石流发生过程,验证了通过研究区雨量数据获取泥石流流量线方法的可靠性以及相关模拟参数选取的合理性。在此基础上,基于泥石流发生频率和暴雨爆发频率相同的假设,对不同爆发频率下的泥石流工程治理效果进行了分析。结果表明:工程治理后,当爆发频率为30,50 a时,工程治理效果显著;当爆发频率为100 a时,工程治理效果不显著。因此,建议相关管理部门加强极端降雨条件下泥石流的预警和防治工作。

维生素D受体基因Fok I、Bsm I多态性与慢性阻塞性肺疾病易感性的关系研究

目的探讨维生素受体(VDR)基因Fok I(rs2228570)位点和Bsm I(rs1544410)位点多态性与慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)发病率之间的关系。方法收集2015年06月-2016年12月,入住上海市浦东新区人民医院呼吸科,COPD患者80例,同期住院的非COPD患者45例,运用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术对其血样DNA进行VDR基因Fok I(rs2228570)位点和Bsm I(rs1544410)位点多态性进行检测,分析其基因型、基因频率,并与临床特征比对,统计分析其相关性。结果 COPD患者与非COPD患者(对照组)比较,Fok I位点基因型分布存在明显差异(P=0. 021),Bsm I位点基因型分布在COPD患者与非COPD患者中无显著差别(P=0. 672)。结论 COPD发病率与VDR基因rs2228570(Fok I)基因型分布具有相关性,但与rs1544410(Bsm I)位点多态性无明显相关性。

受限分布函数属于D(Λ)吸引场的充要条件的推广

讨论了受限分布函数属于D(Λ)吸引场的情况,给出了其充要条件,并且对充要条件作出了推广.

关于最小值吸引场D(H_1)的几点注记

在广义正规变化函数的基础上提出了-Γ和-Π变化函数,讨论了-Γ和-Π变化函数与最小值吸引场D(H1)的关系,并进行了证明.

D(β)-点可区别I-全染色的上界研究

设G是简单图,若图G的全染色f满足:①uv,vw∈E(G),有f(uv)≠f(vw);②uv∈E(G),u≠v,有f(u)≠f(v);③u,v∈V(G),0<d(u,v)≤β时,有S(u)≠S(v),这里色集合S(u)={f(u)}∪{f(uv)|uv∈E(G),则称f是图G的一个k-D(β)-点可区别I-全染色。用概率方法得到了邻点可区别I-全色数的一个较小上界,并研究了若干Cartesian积图的D(β)-点可区别I-全色数的上界。

基于3D数字路面的整车耐久性能评价方法研究

鉴于传统的路谱采集方法受限于样车试验,开发周期长,且无法有效预测后期参数变化和评估全新车型,本文中在传统整车动力学载荷分析的基础上,建立了轮胎高频模型和试验场3D数字路面模型,提出了路面-轮胎-悬架-车身的这一完整传递路径的整车虚拟路谱动态响应分析和耐久性能评价方法。通过生成基于3D数字路面的动态载荷,可在项目开发早期进行汽车结构耐久性能评估。结果表明,用此方法获得的数据与传统轮心力传感器采集的路谱数据相当接近,能有效识别零件的风险位置和逐步免除开发阶段的路谱数据采集,在开发早期实现结构耐久性精确评估。

Analysis of Clinical Characteristics and Diagnostic Value of Fungal Serology in Patients with Invasive Candidiasis

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of (1 - 3)-β-D glucan and mannan assay for invasive candidiasis. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 32 cases in the disease group (18 proven invasive candidiasis and 14 probable invasive candidiasis) and 48 cases in the control group. The subjects were recruited from January 2018 to March 2019 in Clinical Laboratory of Hainan General Hospital. All subjects were detected by (1 - 3)-β-D glucan and mannan assay. Results: The mean concentration of (1 - 3)-β-D glucan in the disease group was 97.45 (43.23, 224.35) pg/ml and it was significantly higher than the mean concentration of the control group which was 49.85(41.91, 56.07) pg/ml (P = 0.005). The mean concentration of mannan in the disease group and the control group were 161.36 (34.96, 224.49) pg/ml and 25.80 (25.00, 29.31) pg/ml, respectively, which were significantly different (P < 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of (1 - 3)-β-D glucan assay were 59.38%, 89.58%, 79.17%, 76.79%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of mannan assay were 65.63%, 95.83%, 91.30%, 80.70%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of combination of two types of assays were 81.25%, 85.42%, 78.79% and 87.23%, respectively. Conclusions: Combination of (1 - 3)-β-D glucan and mannan assay can improve diagnostic specificity and it has essential clinical diagnostic value for invasive candidiasis.

Specificity of Various Mitochondrial DNA (<i>mt</i>DNA), <i>ND5</i>, <i>D-Loop</i>, and <i>Cty-b</i>DNA Primers in Detecting Pig (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) DNA Fragments

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is an accurate, simple and fast analytical method. This technique is widely used in the identification of meat adulteration and meat-based processed food products. Three Mitochondrial DNA (mt-DNA) primers NADH Dehydrogenase sub unit 5 (ND5), D-Loop, and Cytochrome b (Cyt-b) were tested for their specificity in detecting of pig (Sus scrofa) DNA fragments. DNA genome from 6 meat samples (pork, beef, goat, lamb, and chicken) was amplified by PCR technique using three pairs of primers (ND5, D-Loop, and Cyt-b) and sequenced. The results of amplification using the three primers produced specific DNA bands with the lengths of 232 bp, 951 bp, and 404 bp, respectively. Comparison results with ND5, D-Loop, and Cyt-b gene sequences resulted in similarity values of 100%, 97%, and 99%, respectively. These showed that the mt-DNA primers of ND5, D-Loop, and Cyt-b genes can be recommended as specific primers in detecting pig (Sus scrofa) DNA fragments.

Characterizing Clustering in Boulder Bed Channels and the Impact on Shear Stress Equations

Boulders and cobbles are often used in stream restoration projects to increase flow resistance and enhance channel stability and habitat diversity. Particle size metrics determined from the particle distribution are often used as a proxy for shear stress in field equations. Clustering of large particles has been thought to contribute to shear stress, but the effect of clustering is not accounted for in equations that use a representative particle size, such as the D84. In this paper, clustering is defined using the upper tail (≥84%) in a variable called Topsum. The number of clusters, average size of clusters, and shear stress are evaluated using the proposed definition of cluster. Findings suggest that the upper tail represents the roughness height better than the commonly used proxy of D84 for boulder bed streams (streams which have a D84 particle 0.05 - 0.15 meters).

Protective Activity of <i>Markhamia tomentosa</i>(Benth.) K. Schum. (Bignoniaceae) Methanol Leaves Extract against D-Galactosamine/Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice

Markhamia tomentosa (Benth.) K. Schum. (Mt) is a Cameroonian medicinal plant, traditionally used to treat painful and inflammatory illness. This study aimed to examine the effects of methanol leaves extract (MLE) of Mt in D-galactosamine (D-GaIN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury. The MLE (100 and 200 mg/kg), Ascorbic acid (10 mg/kg) and distilled water were administered 12 h and 1 h before intraperitoneal injection of D-GaIN (10 mg/mouse)/LPS (0.1 μg/g). Animals were sacrificed 6 h after D-GalN/LPS challenge. Liver injury was assessed biochemically by determination of aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitrites, total protein and bilirubin levels were explored. Histopathological examination of liver tissue was also performed. Liver enzymes (ALAT, ASAT, ALP) activity, nitrites, MDA and bilirubin levels were increased, while protein level, SOD and catalase activities were significantly reduced by D-GalN/LPS administration. MLE (100 or 200 mg/kg) protected mice against D-GalN/LPS-induced death. In addition, the plant extract significantly reduced ALAT and ALP activity, exhibiting 23.00% and 62.20% protection, respectively. SOD activity and total protein were significantly (p < 0.05) increased by the plant extract. Total bilirubin and MDA levels were reduced (p < 0.01) by 37.75% and 62.79%, respectively in animal treated with MLE. Histological analysis of liver sections showed that MLE (100 or 200 mg/kg) protected mice against D-GaIN/LPS-induced liver injury. The obtained results showed that MLE of Mt may possess hepatoprotective effects. Protection afforded by MLE against D-GalN/LPS-induced fulminant liver injury may result from reduction of oxidative stress.

三都县汉族和水族儿童维生素D受体基因多态性分布研究

目的:调查研究贵州省汉族和水族儿童维生素D受体(VDR)的基因多态性分布。方法:以在三都县人民医院就诊的218名儿童为研究对象,汉族35人,水族183人。使用荧光定量PCR方法检测VDR Bsm I和Fok I位点基因多态性,进行统计分析。结果:1)入组对象的基因多态性分布符合遗传平衡。2)VDR Bsm I位点GG、GA、AA的基因型频率汉族儿童分别为91.4%、8.6%、0.0%,水族儿童为93.4%、6.6%、0.0%。VDR Fok I位点CC、CT、TT的基因型频率分别为14.3%、48.6%、37.1%,水族儿童为14.2%、51.9%、33.9%。汉族和水族儿童两个位点的基因型频率和等位基因频率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3)两位点连锁情况汉族及水族儿童均有5种组合,频率最高的都是GG/CT。两位点间存在高度连锁不平衡。结论:获取三都县汉族和水族儿童VDR Bsm I和Fok I基因多态性的群体遗传学特征。

Nondifferentiable Multiobjective Programming under Generalized d_I-G-Type I Invexity

To relax convexity assumptions imposed on the functions in theorems on sufficient conditions and duality,new concepts of generalized dI-G-type Ⅰ invexity were introduced for nondifferentiable multiobjective programming problems.Based upon these generalized invexity,G-Fritz-John （G-F-J） and G-Karnsh-Kuhn-Tucker （G-K-K-T） types sufficient optimality conditions were established for a feasible solution to be an efficient solution.Moreover,weak and strict duality results were derived for a G-Mond-Weir type dual under various types of generalized dI-G-type Ⅰ invexity assumptions.

保山地区汉族儿童维生素D受体基因多态性调查

目的针对云南省保山市汉族儿童开展分子流行病学调查,研究维生素D受体(VDR)基因多态性分布,获得本地区汉族儿童钙吸收情况,提高儿童科学补钙的依从性并促进儿童生长发育。方法选取2016年至2019年在医院进行体检的汉族儿童作为研究对象,共计120人。采集口腔黏膜上皮脱落细胞,抽提基因组DNA,使用荧光定量PCR方法检测VDR Bsm I和Fok I基因位点多态性,分析基因型和等位基因频率分布,并与已报道的其他地区的数据进行比较。结果1)入组对象的基因多态性分布符合遗传平衡。2)VDR Bsm I位点GG、GA的基因型频率分别为93.3%、6.7%,无AA基因型,G、A等位基因频率分别为96.7%、3.3%。VDR Fok I位点TT、TC、CC的基因型频率分别为24.2%、55.0%、20.8%,T、C等位基因频率分别为51.7%、48.3%。3)VDR Bsm I和Fok I两位点连锁有6种组合,频率最高的是GG/TC(52.5%),没有AA/TT、AA/TC和AA/CC组合。两位点间存在连锁不平衡(D′=0.469,r2=0.007)。结论获取保山地区汉族儿童VDR Bsm I和Fok I位点基因多态性的群体遗传学特征,与其他地区儿童有所区别,具有地域特异性。

基于双混沌系统伪随机比特发生器的研究

研究了基于双混沌系统伪随机比特发生器(CCS-PRBG)生成序列的密码学性质,证明了此二进制序列是i.i.d.序列。理论分析表明,CCS-PRBG可生成具有理想保密性的二进制混沌密码序列。

独立情形下一阶矩收敛的精确渐近性的注记

假设{X,X i,i≥1}为独立同分布的随机变量序列,记S n=∑n i=1X i.N为标准正态随机变量,利用独立随机变量和的弱收敛定理和尾概率不等式,在拟权函数和边界函数满足适当的条件下,证明了limε→0ε1/s-1∑∞n=n0ψ(n)E{Sn/n-(1/2)-εσgs(n)}+=sσ1-s E N1/s成立的充要条件是EX=0和EX2=σ2.

截断和乘积的不变原理

设{Xn,n≥1}为独立同分布的正平方可积随机变量序列,其共同分布为连续的中尾分布.对于固定的常数a>0,令Sn=∑ from i=1 to n Xi,Mn=max(1≤i≤n)Xi,Sn(a)=∑ from i=1 to n XiI{Mn-a<Xi≤Mn},截断和Tn(a)=Sn-Sn(a).利用弱收敛定理和连续映射定理证明了截断和乘积的不变原理.

腹腔镜联合药物治疗对子宫内膜异位症伴不孕症患者的疗效分析

目的:评价、分析子宫内膜异位症伴不孕患者自然妊娠率与腹腔镜术后联合药物治疗及内异症生育指数(EFI)评分的相关性。方法:回顾性分析182例腹腔镜手术治疗的子宫内膜异位症伴不孕患者临床资料并计算EFI。患者术后分三组:GnRH-a组为腹腔镜术后联合亮丙瑞林针治疗;孕三烯酮组为腹腔镜术后联合孕三烯酮胶囊治疗;对照组仅单纯腹腔镜手术治疗,术后未用药物。分析术后自然妊娠率与是否联合药物治疗及EFI的相关性。结果:术后1年GnRH-a组总体妊娠率为38.98%(23/59);孕三烯酮组总体妊娠率为30.77%(20/65);期待组总体妊娠率为31.03%(18/58)。组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。EFI评分0~4分术后妊娠率为8.82%;EFI评分5~7分术后妊娠率为29.4%;EFI评分8~10分术后妊娠率为60.9%,术后EFI评分越高,其妊娠率越高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:子宫内膜异位症合并不孕患者腹腔镜术后联合或醋酸亮丙瑞林针和孕三烯酮胶囊不能提高术后妊娠率。子宫内膜异位症r-AFS分期不能预测患者生育结局,而生育指数(EFI)评分具有较好的预测性。

棉花蕾期至初花期抗旱性评价及指标筛选

【目的】筛选棉花抗旱性综合评价指标,为棉花抗旱品种选育提供理论依据。【方法】以68个棉花品种(系)为材料,在蕾期至初花期进行干旱处理,测定株高、茎粗、叶面积、荧光参数、产量等17个指标,评价棉花抗旱性并筛选抗旱性评价指标。【结果】(1)品种(系)间变异系数较大的指标为Y(NO)和电导率,说明Y(NO)和电导率对干旱胁迫的敏感性存在较大的品种差异。(2)采用隶属函数值评价棉花品种(系)的抗旱性,在68份材料中,高抗材料7份,中抗材料20份,弱抗材料41份。(3)主成分分析将17个指标归类为3大因子,第一类因子中F_v/F_m、Y(NPQ)和Φ_(PSⅡ),第二类因子中茎粗、电导率和第三类因子中叶背面气孔数量、叶正面气孔面积为负荷量较大的指标,可作为棉花蕾期至初花期抗旱性鉴定指标。【结论】可采用F_v/F_m、Y(NPQ)、Φ_(PSⅡ)、茎粗、电导率、叶背面气孔数量和叶正面气孔面积综合评价棉花蕾期至初花期的抗旱性。

健康视角下联合办公楼通话空间设计策略初探

分析联合办公楼在发展过程中呈现的办公模式、空间特征和声音干扰问题,为建设良好声环境提供借鉴。通过案例调研与文献综述,归纳分析联合办公使用者对声环境的需求以及声音干扰的影响,探索声音干扰问题产生的源头与使用者交流需求之间的密切相关性。基于此,提出在联合办公楼中设置通话空间,通过这种私密交流空间来缓解使用者被动接受声音干扰的问题;进而,研究基于联合办公楼的健康声环境分析通话空间的营造策略,具体从设计思路、空间布局、建造方式、外部尺寸与隔音设置这5个方面展开设计策略内容。