Establishment and Application of Identification Methods for Resistance to Sugarcane White Leaf Disease(SCWL)

[Objectives]This study was conducted to establish simple, efficient, stable, standardized and practical identification methods for sugarcane resistance to white leaf disease(SCWL), and promote the breeding for sugarcane resistance to SCWL. [Methods]The identification technology of sugarcane resistance to SCWL was systematically studied and explored from the aspects of sugarcane material treatment and planting, inoculation liquid preparation, inoculation method, disease investigation, grading standard formulation, etc., and two sets of simple, efficient, stable, standardized and practical accurate identification methods for sugarcane resistance to SCWL were created for the first time, namely, the seed cane coating inoculation method and the stem-cutting inoculation method at the growth stage. The seed cane coating inoculation method includes the steps of directly screening SCWL phytoplasma, extracting juice from cane and adding 10 times of sterile water to prepare an inoculation liquid, spraying seed cane on plastic film to keep moisture, planting the inoculated materials in barrels in an insect-proof greenhouse for cultivation, investigating the incidence rate 30 d after inoculation, and evaluating the disease resistance according to the 1-5 level standard. The method of stem-cutting inoculation includes the steps of directly screening sugarcane stems carrying SCWL phytoplasma and adding 10 times of sterile water to prepare an inoculation liquid, cultivating the identification materials in an insect-proof greenhouse, dropping 100 μl of the inoculation liquid into each root incision with a pipette gun at the age of 6 months, investigating the incidence rate 20 d after planting, and evaluating the disease resistance according to the 1-5 level standard. [Results] The two methods are similar to the natural transmission method. After inoculation, SCML occurred significantly, with high sensitivity and good reproducibility. The results of resistance identification were consistent with those of natural disease in the field. Through the two inoculation methods and field natural disease investigation, the resistance of 10 main cultivars to SCML was identified, which was true and reliable. [Conclusions] This study can provide standard varieties for identification of SCML resistance in the future.

Marker-Assisted Breeding of Thermo-Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Line 1892S for Disease Resistance and Submergence Tolerance

Rice line 1892S is an elite thermo-sensitive genic male sterile(TGMS)line for two-line hybrid rice production.However,1892S is susceptible to rice blast,bacterial blight and submergence.Here we reported the introduction of blast resistance(R)gene Pi9,bacterial blight R gene Xa21 and submergence tolerance gene Sub1A into 1892S genetic background through backcrossing and marker-assisted selection.The improved TGMS line 31892S and its hybrids conferred disease resistance to rice blast and bacterial blight,and showed submergence tolerance for over 14 d without significant loss of viability.The sterility-fertility conversion of 31892S was similar to that of 1892S.31892S and its derived hybrid rice had similar agronomic traits and grain quality with 1892S and the control hybrid rice,respectively.The newly developed 31892S provided an improved TGMS line for two-line hybrid rice production with disease resistance to rice blast and bacterial blight,and submergence tolerance with no yield penalty or change in grain quality.

Research on Variation of Sugarcane Red Rot (Colletotrichum falcatum Went) and Sugarcane Disease Resistance

Sugarcane red rot caused by Colletotrichum falcatum Went is one of the important fungal diseases causing significant losses to sugarcane production,commonly known as "cancer" of sugarcane.It has risen from a minor disease to a major disease,resulting in the death of sugarcane in Lincang,Menglian and Shiping sugarcane areas in Yunnan Province.Due to the frequent variation of this pathogen,it is difficult to control,the pesticide control effect is not ideal at present,and there is still no effective and radical cure measures.The research on the variation of C.falcatum and sugarcane disease resistance is the only way to achieve the sustainable control of sugarcane disease.This paper mainly reviewed the genetic variation on the morphological,pathogenic and molecular variation of C.falcatum,and rapid molecular detection methods,and sugarcane disease resistance research in combination with the latest research at home and abroad.An outlook for further research on sugarcane red rot in the future was also given,to provide a theoretical basis for the research and control of sugarcane red rot in China.

Resistance Analysis of 25 Corn Varieties to Stalk Rot and Evaluation of Yield Loss

Due to the meteorological factors, Henan Province had a large-scale outbreak of corn stalk rot in 2014, and the incidence status of 25 varieties was investigated. According to the relevant resistance identification standards, Xundan.509 was classified as resistance variety; Yudan606, Jinsai38 and Xundan3136 were classified as moderate resistance ones, while the other 21 varieties were highly susceptible varieties. Using the yield loss rate of 5% as the critical value of disease tolerance standard, XundanS09, Yudan606, Jinsai38, Xundan3136, Huaiyu5288, QiaoyuS, XY046, Zhengyu10, Lile66, WeikeT02 and Xundan29 were classified into tolerance varieties of corn stalk rot. The concept between disease resistance and disease tolerance was distinguished. The diseased plant rate was used as the classification basis of disease resistance and the yield loss rate was used as the evaluation standard of disease tolerance. The relationship between both was showed by a Venn diagram.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of GDSL esterase/lipase genes in tomato

The GDSL esterase/lipase family contains many functional genes that perform important biological functions in growth and development, morphogenesis, seed oil synthesis, and defense responses in plants. The expression of GDSL esterase/lipase genes can respond to biotic and abiotic stresses. Although GDSL esterase/lipase family genes have been identified and studied in other plants, they have not been identified and their functions remain unclear in tomato. This study is the first to identify 80 GDSL esterase/lipase family genes in tomato, which were named SlGELP1–80. These genes were mapped to their positions on the chromosomes and their physical and chemical properties, gene structure, phylogenetic relationships, collinear relationships, and cis-acting elements were analyzed. The spatiotemporal expression characteristics of the Sl GELP genes in tomato were diverse. In addition, RNA-seq analysis indicated that the expression patterns of the SlGELP genes in tomato differed before and after inoculation with Stemphylium lycopersici. qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression of five Sl GELP genes after treatments with S. lycopersici, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid. Finally, this study was the first to identify and analyze GDSL esterase/lipase family genes in tomato via bioinformatics approaches, and these findings provide new insights for improving the study of plant disease resistance.

Stalk Rot Resistance Analysis and Yield Loss Evaluation on 25 Maize Varieties and Utilization of Resistant Germplasm Jun M9

Stalk rot outbroke in Henan Province in 2014 on maize,and the disease conditions of 25 varieties were investigated.According to national maize variety disease resistance identification standards,Jundan 509 was a resistant variety; Yudan 606,Jinsai 38 and Jundan 3136 were moderately-resistant varieties; and other 21 varieties were all highly susceptible.Based on the yield loss rate of 5% determined as the critical value for division of disease tolerance,disease-tolerant varieties included Jundan 509,Yudan 606,Jinsai 38,Jundan 3136,Huaiyu 5288,Qiaoyu 8,XY046,Zhengyu 10,lile 66,weike 702 and Jundan 29.Varietal disease resistance and tolerance were mainly divided according to incidence and yield loss rate,respectively,and the correlation between them was showed by a Venn diagram.With the male parent Jun M9 of Jundan 509 as a backbone material,multiple maize combinations resistant to stalk rot were formed,and Yongyou 618 among them was approved by Henan Provincial Crop Variety Approval Committee.

桃枝枯病病原菌鉴定及品种(种质)室内抗病性评价

【目的】明确桃枝枯病的病原菌以及不同桃品种(种质)对枝枯病的抗性。【方法】观察桃枝枯病田间症状。通过组织分离法对病样进行分离培养,观察分离物的形态特征,通过扩增测序其ITS、EF-1α和TUB基因序列进行分子鉴定,并对分离物进行致病性验证。选取优势病原菌种类,采用离体有伤接种枝条的方法测定37个桃品种(种质)对其的抗性,并根据病斑长度利用系统聚类方法对不同桃品种(种质)对枝枯病的抗性进行分级和评价。【结果】通过组织分离和纯化,获得54株分离物,经形态学观察和多基因系统发育分析结果显示,这些分离物有3个种,其中:35株为桃拟茎点霉(Diaporthe amygdali),5株为甜樱间座壳(Diaporthe eres),14株为葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaer dothidea)。致病性测定试验表明,对接种后发病的病斑再分离鉴定,均能得到与原病原菌一致的菌株。抗性测定结果表明,根据病斑长度利用聚类分析将37个桃品种(种质)分为4类,类型Ⅰ有5个、类型Ⅱ有11个、类型Ⅲ有15个、类型IV有6个。抗性评价结果表明:供试品种(种质)中,免疫3个(光核桃、红花山桃和帚形山桃),占8.10%;抗病2个(白根甘肃桃和红根甘肃桃),占5.40%;中抗11个,占29.73%;感病15个,占40.54%;高感6个,占16.22%。【结论】无锡桃枝枯病的病原菌有3种分别为:D.amygdali、D.eres和B.dothidea,其中D.amygdali为优势种,分离频率为64.81%,不同桃品种(种质)对桃拟茎点霉菌的抗性不同,筛选到2个免疫品种(种质)、3个抗性品种(种质)。

132份葡萄种质资源叶片对灰霉病的抗性鉴定

为明确不同葡萄种质对灰霉病的抗性差异,以132份葡萄种质叶片为试材,采用人工接种病原菌的方法鉴定其对灰霉病的抗性。结果表明,不同葡萄种质对灰霉病的抗性差异明显。对灰霉病表现高抗(highly resistant,HR)的种质2份,占鉴定资源总数的1.51%;表现抗(resistant,R)的种质14份,占总数的10.61%;表现中抗(middle resistant,MR)的种质89份,占总数的67.42%;表现感病(susceptible,S)的种质22份,占比16.67%;表现高感(highly susceptible,HS)的种质5份,占比3.79%。未发现对灰霉病完全免疫的葡萄种质,其中圆叶葡萄较抗病;其次为美洲种、欧美杂种;欧亚种易感病。此外,地方种质资源郧西葡萄对灰霉病表现良好的抗性。研究结果为抗灰霉病葡萄新品种选育及相关理论研究提供了优异的种质资源。

油菜抗根肿病品种在云南省西南发病区的田间评价

通过明确‘华双5R’和‘华油杂62R’2个抗根肿病油菜品种的田间抗性、农艺性状和产量情况,为油菜根肿病重发区筛选出优良的抗病品种。本研究在云南省西南地区的腾冲市、梁河县和临翔县3个油菜根肿病病区进行田间试验,采用本课题组研发品种和当地主推品种作为对照。田间试验结果显示,‘华双5R’和‘华油杂62R’在3个试验点均能正常成熟安全越冬,生育期176~199d,各生育期表现整齐一致;‘华双5R’和‘华油杂62R’在腾冲和梁河点对油菜根肿病表现为高度抗病,在临翔点表现为抗病;‘华双5R’和‘华油杂62R’在3个试验点的农艺性状良好;‘华双5R’的产量在3个试验点与7个对照品种相比,比梁河点的‘云油杂12号’减产2.71%,与腾冲点的‘云油杂12号’和‘杂1256’、梁河点的‘云油杂15’和‘花油8号’、临翔点的‘云油杂12号’和‘德油1号’相比增产幅度为7.49%~56.83%;‘华油杂62R’的产量在3个试验点与7个对照品种相比,比梁河点的‘云油杂12号’减产5.76%,比临翔点的‘德油1号’减产4.61%,与腾冲点的‘云油杂12号’和‘杂1256’、梁河点的‘云油杂15’和‘花油8号’、临翔点的‘云油杂12号’相比增产幅度为4.12%~51.90%。‘华双5R’和‘华油杂62R’在3个试验点均能正常成熟,生育期176~199d,对根肿病表现出较强抗性,同时农艺性状良好、产量较高,可在云南省西南地区油菜根肿病病区推广种植。

抗阻运动对冠心病患者运动耐量、躯体化症状的影响

目的:探究抗阻运动对稳定性冠心病患者的运动耐量、心脏功能、躯体化症状的影响。方法:选择2020年6月至2022年6月于内蒙古科技大学包头医学院第二附属医院行冠脉造影或冠脉CTA检查确诊的不合并心衰的稳定性冠心病患者,按自愿原则入组,最终对照组47例、抗阻运动组58例,均按照运动处方运动12周。采用峰值摄氧量(VO_(2)_(peak))、无氧阈评估患者运动耐量;采用心脏超声心动图二尖瓣舒张早期峰值血流速度/舒张晚期峰值血流速度(E/A)比值评估患者左室舒张功能;采用躯体化症状自评量表(SSS)评估患者的心理健康。随访24周比较两组严重心血管不良事件的发生情况。结果:与运动前比,抗阻运动组运动12周后VO_(2)_(peak)[(17.53±3.92)ml·min^(-1)·kg^(-1)比(20.35±3.70)ml·min^(-1)·kg^(-1)]、无氧阈[(11.60±3.40)ml·min^(-1)·kg^(-1)比(12.62±3.16)ml·min^(-1)·kg^(-1)]、E峰[(0.63±0.14)mm/s比(0.70±0.16)mm/s]、E/A[(0.80±0.14)比(0.91±0.24)]显著升高,静息心率[(76.21±12.70)次/min比(74.36±9.87)次/min]、SSS评分[10.00(5.00,22.25)分比9.50(3.00,21.00)分]显著下降(P均<0.01)。与对照组比,12周后抗阻运动组VO_(2)_(peak)[(18.59±3.93)ml·min^(-1)·kg^(-1)比(20.35±3.70)ml·min^(-1)·kg^(-1)]、E/A[(0.82±0.22)比(0.91±0.24)]显著升高(P均<0.05)。随访24周,两组严重心血管不良事件发生率无显著差异(P=1.000)。结论:抗阻运动可以显著提高冠心病患者的运动耐量,改善心脏舒张功能和心理健康。

不同辣椒品种对细菌性斑点病抗病性鉴定与分析

近年辽宁大型育苗企业辣椒细菌性斑点病发生严重,为有效利用辣椒抗病优质品种,试验采用人工接种的方法在辣椒8片真叶期对30份辽宁主栽辣椒品种进行室内抗病性鉴定工作。研究结果表明:神禾8819与韩国红峰平均病指13.92与14.42,为抗病品种(R);万金早椒与新品线椒玉平均病指17.17与15.25,为中抗品种(MR),4个品种均为线椒。其余3个甜椒、3个羊角椒、9个牛角椒、4个麻辣椒,7个螺丝椒平均病指在30.1~40.0,均为感病品种(S)。研究结果可为我省辣椒生产优选抗病品种与品种推广提供依据。

不同菜心品种对软腐病的抗性鉴定

【目的】近年来,随着菜心栽培面积扩大和重茬现象的出现,菜心病害逐年加重,其中软腐病是危害菜心的主要病害之一,严重影响其产量和品质。通过接种软腐病病菌对菜心品种进行抗病性评价,以期筛选出抗病品种。【方法】采集具有典型软腐症状的菜心病样,通过组织分离、形态学和分子生物学方法进行鉴定,获得软腐病病菌。以52份不同菜心品种为试验材料,采用苗期喷雾接种法进行接种:用刀片在菜心茎部轻划2个约5mm刀口,使用小型手持喷雾器将1×108CFU/mL菌液喷到伤口表面,接种完成后3 d,测定病情指数和软腐病分级,评价52份菜心品种的软腐病抗性水平。【结果】经组织分离得到分离物,经柯赫氏法则验证菌落形态特征、16S rDNA序列分析表明,菌株为菜心软腐病致病菌,在NA培养基上形成的菌落呈圆形、半透明、乳白色、中心突起、边缘平滑,能使菜心的组织腐烂,接种于菜心苗后叶片呈湿腐萎蔫症状。52份材料中,大多数菜心品种对软腐病的抗性存在显著差异,其中,高感材料35份、感病材料16份,整体而言,高感或感病材料占98.1%;中抗材料1份(丰裕4号菜心);无高抗或免疫品种。上述结果表明,52份菜心品种中抗软腐病的材料较少,这可能是广东省菜心软腐病发病较严重的原因之一。【结论】52份菜心品种中,软腐病高感或感病材料占98.1%;中抗材料1份;无高抗或免疫品种,可为选育和推广抗软腐病的菜心品种提供科学依据。

棉花种质立枯病抗性室内鉴定

为了培育抗立枯病棉花新品种,对350份棉花种质进行室内接种立枯丝核菌鉴定,调查立枯病的发病情况,筛选高抗立枯病的种质。鉴定结果表明:350份种质平均病情指数最大值为63.00、最小值为7.91,种质间病情指数的变异系数为36.29%,不同种质的立枯病抗性差异较大。参试种质中,没有对立枯病表现免疫的种质;有抗病种质86份,占鉴定种质总数的24.6%,其中高抗种质6份。筛选的抗立枯病种质为棉花抗病育种和抗病机理研究提供了基础种质信息。

南亚热带地区132份葡萄种质的白粉病抗性调查

【目的】开展不同葡萄种资源在南方湿热地区的白粉病抗性鉴定,了解各种质的抗性水平,筛选优良抗性种质,为南方湿热地区葡萄抗白粉病的种质创新提供依据。【方法】采用田间自然鉴定的方法,在葡萄白粉病发病盛期,对广西壮族自治区农业科学院葡萄与葡萄酒研究所葡萄种质资源圃保存的9个种类132份葡萄种质资源的白粉病发病情况进行调查并分析。【结果】白粉病抗性最强的是毛葡萄、河岸葡萄及刺葡萄,所调查的种质对白粉病的抗性均表现为高抗甚至部分免疫;调查的2份华东葡萄种质均表现为抗病;调查的1份绵毛葡萄种质表现为抗病;60.00%的美洲葡萄种质表现为免疫及高抗,40.00%表现为抗病;4份欧山杂种葡萄中有1份表现为高抗;66份欧美杂种种质中,抗病及以上的占比为56.06%;41份欧亚种种质中,仅4.88%表现为抗病,感病及高感的占比为95.12%。【结论】美洲种、河岸葡萄、毛葡萄、刺葡萄及部分欧美杂种对白粉病表现为高抗甚至免疫,可作为重要的白粉病抗病资源进一步加以研究利用,欧亚种葡萄对白粉病普遍表现为感病及高感,但仍有少量抗病品种。

玉米骨干自交系弯孢叶斑病抗性鉴定

玉米弯孢菌叶斑病是我国玉米生产中的主要病害之一,严重危害玉米的叶片、叶鞘和苞叶,影响产量和质量。对80份玉米骨干自交系进行了抗性鉴定,发现大部分常用的自交系易受病害影响,而一些引进的自交系则表现出较高的抗病性。在沈阳鉴定病圃中,25%的供试材料表现为抗病或高度抗病,而41%的供试材料表现为感病或高度感病。27%的供试材料在阜新鉴定病圃中表现为抗病或高度抗病,而49%的供试材料表现为感病或高度感病。L269在两地均表现出高度抗病性,而C167-1、浚9058、自330、黄早四、郑58和A3则在两个地方都表现出高度的感病性。鉴定结果对进一步发掘抗性种质资源、揭示玉米抗弯孢叶斑病的遗传机制和培育优良抗病自交系具有重要意义。

海南黄瓜抗枯萎病嫁接砧木筛选研究

为筛选适宜海南冬春季节黄瓜抗枯萎病的嫁接砧木品种,对收集的21种砧木进行黄瓜枯萎病抗性鉴定,以易感砧木种质‘全福太郎’为对照,采用人工接种尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型,鉴定各砧木的黄瓜枯萎病抗性。通过测定不同砧木的发病率、病情指数、根系活力、叶绿素相对含量、相对电导率、丙二醛含量等生理指标,结合新引进的病害严重程度指数曲线下面积(AUDRC)综合评价不同砧木对黄瓜枯萎病的抗性。结果表明,不同砧木对黄瓜枯萎病的抗性表现不同,病情指数评价指标表明,‘双力铁甲’‘金甲砧’‘创凡一号’为抗性砧木,‘金甲砧’AUDRC指标表现最好;生理指标中,根系活力表现较好为‘双力铁甲’‘金甲砧’‘创凡一号’;叶绿素含量较高的品种为‘金甲砧’‘创凡一号’‘日系冬之助’,显著高于对照组;相对电导率较低,为‘青根砧王’‘创凡一号’;丙二醛含量较低的为‘双力铁甲’‘金甲砧’‘创凡301’,显著低于其他砧木。依据病情指数、根系活力、SPAD、REC、MDA等生理指标,‘双力铁甲’‘金甲砧’‘创凡一号’为抗性砧木。研究表明,‘金甲砧’为21个砧木品种中综合抗黄瓜枯萎病最好的砧木。

甜瓜细菌性果斑病病原菌的分离鉴定与抗性种质资源的筛选

以黑龙江省大庆市大同区采集的甜瓜细菌性果斑病病叶及研究室保存的22份甜瓜材料为试材,采用病原菌的分离纯化、形态学鉴定、致病性鉴定、分子鉴定及抗病性鉴定等方法,研究了大同区引起薄皮甜瓜细菌性果斑病的主要病原菌菌株类群及甜瓜材料对该菌株的抗病表现,以期为甜瓜细菌性果斑病的防治提供参考依据。结果表明:通过分离、纯化从发病植株叶片上获得了1株细菌性果斑病病原菌,命名为HLJ23;该菌株接种到健康叶片后发病症状与甜瓜细菌性果斑病的症状相似;进一步通过分子鉴定确定该菌株为燕麦嗜酸菌西瓜亚种(Acidovorax citrulli)亚群I型菌株;研究室保存的22份甜瓜材料中感病材料多于抗病材料,其中8份表现抗病,14份表现感病。综上所述,‘1185’和‘258’是黑龙江省大庆市大同区薄皮甜瓜细菌性果斑病病原菌的优势种群。

两个奥利亚罗非鱼品系对无乳链球菌的耐受性研究

为探讨两个奥利亚罗非鱼(Oreochromis aureus)品系对无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae)的耐受性,研究以奥利亚罗非鱼埃及品系(AE品系)和“夏奥1号”(AX品系)为研究对象,人工腹腔注射无乳链球菌,并在感染后0、7h、24h、48h、72h、120h和168h采集罗非鱼血液和脾脏,比较感染后7d存活率差异,研究血清生化指标和脾脏促炎性细胞因子表达变化。结果显示,人工感染后AE奥利亚罗非鱼存活率显著高于AX奥利亚罗非鱼。感染后两种奥利亚罗非鱼血清中的谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、球蛋白(GLO)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和溶菌酶(LZM)含量在感染后都显著升高;甘油三酯(TG)和白蛋白/球蛋白(A/G)显著下降,呼吸暴发受抑制;且AE品系的血清GLO和SOD水平在感染后期显著高于AX品系。定量PCR结果显示两种奥利亚罗非鱼脾脏TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6表达在感染后7h都显著升高,但AE品系在感染后期3种促炎性细胞因子的表达都显著低于AX品系。研究表明,AE品系对无乳链球菌的抗病力强于AX品系,在感染后期的抗氧化能力更强,炎症程度更轻,从而保持对无乳链球菌更大的耐受性。研究结果为培育抗链球菌病的奥尼罗非鱼提供抗性的亲本种质资源。

长江中下游麦区279个品种(系)小麦黄花叶病抗性研究

小麦黄花叶病是影响长江中下游麦区小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)产量的重要病害之一。为了筛选抗小麦黄花叶病种质资源,本研究对近30年来长江中下游麦区选育的279个小麦品种(系)进行田间小麦黄花叶病抗性鉴定,同时利用与抗小麦黄花叶病主效数量性状基因座(QTL)QYm.nau-5A.1和QYm.nau-2D连锁的分子标记检测,以分析抗病QTL在品种(系)中的传递过程。结果显示,抗病材料为174个,占62.4%,其中仅含QYm.nau-5A.1和QYm.nau-2D的材料分别为30、98个,两个QTL均含的材料为9个,两个QTL均无的为37个,表明还存在其他抗病基因或QTL;感病材料为105个,占37.6%,其中仅含QYm.nau-5A.1和QYm.nau-2D的分别为6、25个,两个QTL均无的为74个。进一步分析小麦品种(系)系谱发现,长江中下游麦区小麦品种(系)的QYm.nau-5A.1主要来自于西风小麦,通过宁麦9号传递;QYm.nau-2D主要来自于苏麦6号、扬辐麦9311、郑麦9023,其中苏麦6号中的抗性QTL主要通过镇麦9号传递。本研究结果为长江中下游麦区小麦黄花叶病抗性分子育种及新抗病基因挖掘与利用提供了理论支撑。

504S系列组合产量·品质及抗逆性的综合表现

为选育优质、高产、抗逆的籼型杂交水稻新品种。以早熟、矮秆、高配合力优质籼型两系不育系504S所配6个杂交水稻组合为材料,对其产量、品质、抗逆性进行研究。结果表明,504S系列组合的平均产量为10098.5 kg/hm^(2),稻米品质达到农业行业《食用稻品种品质》标准二级米有4个,占比66.7%。中抗稻瘟病和中感白叶枯病。504S系列组合的耐热性变异系数为0,耐热性均为3级,说明504S的耐热性较强。综上,504S所配组合产量高、稻米品质优、抗病和耐热性较强。