Reconstructing the landing trajectory of the CE-3 lunar probe by using images from the landing camera

An accurate determination of the landing trajectory of Chang＇e-3 （CE-3） is significant for verifying orbital control strategy, optimizing orbital planning, accu- rately determining the landing site of CE-3 and analyzing the geological background of the landing site. Due to complexities involved in the landing process, there are some differences between the planned trajectory and the actual trajectory of CE-3. The land- ing camera on CE-3 recorded a sequence of the landing process with a frequency of 10 frames per second. These images recorded by the landing camera and high-resolution images of the lunar surface are utilized to calculate the position of the probe, so as to reconstruct its precise trajectory. This paper proposes using the method of trajectory reconstruction by Single Image Space Resection to make a detailed study of the hov- ering stage at a height of 100 m above the lunar surface. Analysis of the data shows that the closer CE-3 came to the lunar surface, the higher the spatial resolution of im- ages that were acquired became, and the more accurately the horizontal and vertical position of CE-3 could be determined. The horizontal and vertical accuracies were 7.09 m and 4.27 m respectively during the hovering stage at a height of 100.02 m. The reconstructed trajectory can reflect the change in CE-3＇s position during the powered descent process. A slight movement in CE-3 during the hovering stage is also clearly demonstrated. These results will provide a basis for analysis of orbit control strategy, and it will be conducive to adjustment and optimization of orbit control strategy in follow-up missions.

Acquiring English Preposition “out” via Image Schema

Image schema plays an important role in the acquisition of English preposition,for most of them derive from spatial conceptions,which represent how the first step that people have the basic knowledge of the world.Out schema is one of the basic schemas inContainer schema,which belongs to the spatial motion group.The word out as well as other prepositions has a great number of extensions in meaning deriving from metaphorical mapping.

Metaphor Analysis Based on Image Schema——Take the Poem Jie Fu Yin and its English Translation as an Example

There are many implied metaphors in the poetry of Tang dynasty. In this paper, the poem Reply of a Chaste Wife and its English version are analyzed through the image schema theory to explore the explanatory power of image schema to the poems of Tang dynasty.At the same time, a new perspective to the appreciation of the metaphors in the poems of Tang dynasty is provided.

Population Spatial Distribution Based on Luojia 1-01 Nighttime Light Image:A Case Study of Beijing

With the continuous development of urbanization in China,the country’s growing population brings great challenges to urban development.By mastering the refined population spatial distribution in administrative units,the quantity and agglomeration of population distribution can be estimated and visualized.It will provide a basis for a more rational urban planning.This paper takes Beijing as the research area and uses a new Luojia1-01 nighttime light image with high resolution,land use type data,Points of Interest(POI)data,and other data to construct the population spatial index system,establishing the index weight based on the principal component analysis.The comprehensive weight value of population distribution in the study area was then used to calculate the street population distribution of Beijing in 2018.Then the population spatial distribution was visualize using GIS technology.After accuracy assessments by comparing the result with the WorldPop data,the accuracy has reached 0.74.The proposed method was validated as a qualified method to generate population spatial maps.By contrast of local areas,Luojia 1-01 data is more suitable for population distribution estimation than the NPP/VIIRS(Net Primary Productivity/Visible infrared Imaging Radiometer)nighttime light data.More geospatial big data and mathematical models can be combined to create more accurate population maps in the future.

An Analysis Into Ba Sentences Under Image Schema Theory——A Case Study of Words of Fire——Poems by Jidi Majia

The Ba sentence is unique existence in Chinese. There is no corresponding sentence pattern in English. Thus, the translation of Ba sentences is a challenge for translators. Even with the myriad analyses on the translation of Ba sentences, small quantity of them demonstrates the correctness and the reading effect of the translation by using a specific theory. And the image schema theory reflects the projects between the source domain and the target domain, while in the translation analysis there are schemata in the source language and the target language. So the paper does comparisons of schemata between the source text and the target text of Ba sentences, which are chosen from the English translation of Words of Fire—Poems by Jidi Majia translated by Denis Mair. After the demonstration, the following conclusions are found: First, the schema of the sentence is decided by verbs of the Ba sentences, rather than by the sentence structures;second, the image schema is a feasible tool to check correctness of Ba sentences translation.

The Significance of Image Schema in Embodied Cognition

As a recurring pattern of sensory-motor-affective experience, image schema is not only a concept discussed in linguistics and psychology, but also a significant one in the study of embodied cognition. Through analyzing the features of image schema considered by the authors as embodiment, recessiveness, sedimentation, logicality, scientificity, and dependency to cognitive metaphors and reviewing the definition of embodied cognition, the paper argues that image schema is an integration of bodily property and mental property, and accordingly a core and inseparable concept of embodied cognition by bridging body and mind. Image schema can help to explain how abstraction and inference generate from body-environment interactions, thus making the theory of embodied cognition more persuasive and reliable.

Image Schema and Verb GUO

The motion verb guo has various kinds of meanings. With all these meanings of guo, we can follow Lakoff ’s methods, construct-ing an image schema and its modifications for the various meanings of the motion verb guo. And through metaphorical extension, all the othernon-path-related meanings of guo will be explained. The spatial domain is considered more basic, which subsequently allows being mappedonto other more abstract domains. And it is via metaphorical extension, mappings from SPACE TO TIME and TIME TO QUALITY, thatthe wide range of senses of guo is derived.

An Analysis on Constructing Image Schema in Teaching English Writing by Constructing Specialized Corpus

Corpus linguistics takes real language data as the research object,it widely used in many aspects of the English languageresearch, but it still appears to be inadequate application in English classrooms and teaching. However, the problem is, in students’ English writings, the lack and imperfection of the image schema makes it difficult for Chinese students to effectively writethe composition. Thus, this paper explores the relationship between English language forms and image schemas in English writing,and discusses the possibility of using English corpus to help students construct image schema, so as to improve their English writing ability, meanwhile hope to provide a new direction in constructing domestic corpora and applying them in English teaching.

BACKGROUND RECTIFICATION AND FEATURE EXTRACTION OF IMAGE IN A SPOT WELD OF AL ALLOY X-RAY DETECTION

A primary study on Processing in X - ray inspection of spot weld for aluminum alloy spot welding,in- cluding for background simulation,acquisition of ideal binary image, and extraction and identifi- cation of defect features was presented.

Example-based super-resolution for single-image analysis from the Chang'e-1 Mission

Due to the low spatial resolution of images taken from the Chang＇e-1 （CE-I） orbiter, the details of the lunar surface are blurred and lost. Considering the limited spatial resolution of image data obtained by a CCD camera on CE-1, an example-based super-resolution （SR） algorithm is employed to obtain high- resolution （HR） images. SR reconstruction is important for the application of image data to increase the resolution of images. In this article, a novel example-based algorithm is proposed to implement SR reconstruction by single-image analysis, and the computational cost is reduced compared to other example-based SR methods. The results show that this method can enhance the resolution of images using SR and recover detailed information about the lunar surface. Thus it can be used for surveying HR terrain and geological features. Moreover, the algorithm is significant for the HR processing of remotely sensed images obtained by other imaging systems.

An Image Schema Analysis and the Semantic Extension of Through,Over,and Across

This study is a tentative exploration on image schema of three frequently used preposition:Through, Over, Acrossand ex-plain how their meanings are extended from the prototypical schemata with the example sentences from the OxfordDictionary and Longman Dictionary. With the relevant terms Trajector, Landmark and Path, the process of their meanings will be shown in figures. As for image schema, because of the metaphorical extension, there are various forms of image schemata appearing in one preposi-tion, while the state of them appears to be static or dynamic. It will provide some insights for word teaching and learning.

Eurovet Unveils the New Image of Hong Kong Mode Lingerie 2010 March 30-31, at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre

Organized by Eurovet, the world’s leading lingerie and beachwear trade show organizer and supported by Hong

Wavelet Analysis of Space Solar Telescope Images

The scientific satellite SST (Space Solar Telescope) is an important research project strongly supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Every day, SST acquires 50 GB of data (after processing) but only 10GB can be transmitted to the ground because of limited time of satellite passage and limited channel volume. Therefore, the data must be compressed before transmission. Wavelets analysis is a new technique developed over the last 10 years, with great potential of application. We start with a brief introduction to the essential principles of wavelet analysis, and then describe the main idea of embedded zerotree wavelet coding, used for compressing the SST images. The results show that this coding is adequate for the job.

A super-high angular resolution principle for coded-mask X-ray imaging beyond the diffraction limit of a single pinhole

High angular resolution X-ray imaging is always useful in astrophysics and solar physics. In principle, it can be performed by using coded-mask imaging with a very long mask-detector distance. Previously, the diffraction-interference effect was thought to degrade coded-mask imaging performance dramatically at the low energy end with its very long mask-detector distance. The diffraction-interference effect is described with numerical calculations, and the diffraction-interference cross correlation reconstruction method （DICC） is developed in order to overcome the imaging performance degradation. Based on the DICC, a super-high angular resolution principle （SHARP） for coded-mask X-ray imaging is proposed. The feasibility of coded mask imaging beyond the diffraction limit of a single pinhole is demonstrated with simulations. With the specification that the mask element size is 50 × 50 μm^2 and the mask-detector distance is 50 m, the achieved angular resolution is 0.32arcsec above about 10keV and 0.36arcsec at 1.24keV （λ = 1 nm）, where diffraction cannot be neglected. The on-axis source location accuracy is better than 0.02 arcsec. Potential applications for solar observations and wide-field X-ray monitors are also briefly discussed.

An image compression method for space multispectral time delay and integration charge coupled device camera

Multispectral time delay and integration charge coupled device （TDICCD） image compression requires a low- complexity encoder because it is usually completed on board where the energy and memory are limited. The Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems （CCSDS） has proposed an image data compression （CCSDS-IDC） algorithm which is so far most widely implemented in hardware. However, it cannot reduce spectral redundancy in mukispectral images. In this paper, we propose a low-complexity improved CCSDS-IDC （ICCSDS-IDC）-based distributed source coding （DSC） scheme for multispectral TDICCD image consisting of a few bands. Our scheme is based on an ICCSDS-IDC approach that uses a bit plane extractor to parse the differences in the original image and its wavelet transformed coefficient. The output of bit plane extractor will be encoded by a first order entropy coder. Low-density parity-check-based Slepian-Wolf （SW） coder is adopted to implement the DSC strategy. Experimental results on space multispectral TDICCD images show that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms the CCSDS-IDC-based coder in each band.

The Influence of Culture and Biographical Variables on the Brand Image of Google and Baidu: An Exploratory Study in Guangzhou,China

The study found significant correlations between the culture dimensions of Confucian work dynamism,humanheartedness and moral discipline and the brand image dimensions of online search engines.It was also found that several significant relationships exist between the biographical variables of age and education and the brand image dimensions,and that culture and biographical variables have a linear relationship with brand image.The findings highlight that culture and biographical information can influence Chinese consumer perceptions of an international or local brand.Organizations thus need to align their brands with the culture and biographical profile of their target markets.

Ghost Images in Schmidt CCD Photometry

The wide field of the Schmidt telescope implies a greater chance of the field containing bright objects, and the presence of a corrector lens produces a certain type of ghost images. We summarize and confirm the features of such ghost images in Schmidt CCD photometry. The ghost images could be star-like under special observational conditions. The zenith distance of the telescope, among other factors, is found to correlate with different patterns of the ghost images. Some relevant issues are discussed and possible applications of our results are suggested.

Value of CA19-9, CA125 and CEA combined magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer

Objective:To study the value of CA19-9, CA125 and CEA combined magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, and to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:A total of 110 cases of pancreatic cancer admitted to our hospital from November 2015 to November 2017 were selected as the observation group, and another 80 normal pancreas organizers who participated in the physical examination in the same period were selected as the control group. The change of magnetic resonance scanning parameters and serum CA19-9, CA125 and CEA detection were compared between the two groups of subjects at the same time, contrast scan and serum magnetic resonance detection of CA19-9, CA125 and CEA positive rate, and to evaluate the four alone and in combination with the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value.Results:The T1WI of the observation group was low or slightly low signal, T2WI was slightly high signal, and the tumor of fat suppression sequence was low signal, which was in line with the typical characteristics of pancreatic cancer. The serum levels of CA19-9, CA125 and CEA in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. Compared with the two groups, the positive rates of MRI and serum CA19-9, CA125 and CEA in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. The sensitivity and accuracy of MRI scan combined with three serological markers were higher than those of single detection. The specificity was between four.Conclusion: CA19-9, CA125 and CEA combined magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have good sensitivity and accuracy in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, but their specificity is common, which should be used for reference.

Schema——在文字与图像之间

Schema乃康德知识论体系中必不可少的重要环节。它作为连接知性范畴与感性经验的统调媒介,是透由想象与时间关联而产生,同时促发了与之相关的几个主要问题,即Schema与image的关系问题、Schema调节性规则问题、Schema与想象问题及Schema与时间问题,这些内容极大丰富了康德的认识论思想,并由此搭建了一座文字概念与直观图像之间的重要桥梁。

英语空间图式“Front-Back”的隐喻性扩展

认知语言学认为,一些基本的意象图式在构造人类的经验范畴中起重要作用,语言的概念系统在很大程度上有赖于这样的扩展。研究表明,英语中的空间图式“Front-Back”不仅被用来表述时间范畴,还用来表述“形势”“重要性”“注意力”“事物的进展”等多种抽象范畴。研究基本图式向其他范畴隐喻性的扩展,除了理论意义以外,还具有非常重要的应用价值。