Mass and chemical changes of immobile elements in Yamaghan Occurrence, Zanjan Province, Iran

Using mass and chemical changes, behavior of some elements have been evaluated in the study area, Yamaghan Occurrence. The techniques using immobile elements can precisely identify altered volcanic rock precursors and measure material changes. The rocks of the study area were affected by hydrothermal alteration. Testing of some compatible incompatible and compatible compatible immobile pairs indicates that Al 2O 3 is the most immobile component in the study area. It means that during the three main stages of hydrothermal alteration (phyllic, intermediate argillic and propylitic) aluminum was the most immobile and titanium was slightly immobile. Increases in mass mostly result from mineralization, silicification or carbonatization as voids and other open space fillings and may have replaced the part of glassy matrix. Mass addition has diluted the immobile elements at constant rates. Mass loss is commonly due to leaching of Si, Ca and Na 2O during chloritization and sericitization. The mass loss is recognized by increased proportions of inert minerals such as chlorite and sericite. Mineralographic studies in the study area shows the existence of a supergene zone. Calcocite and covellite are considered enriched minerals. Considering this evidence and mass change results, the enrichment of copper in the circulating fluid is suspected with occasional sulfide precipitation.

Immobile TV

While international telecom giants step up marketing campaigns for mobile TV, Chinese cell phone manufacturers take a wait-and-see attitude, driven by a mountain of obstacles

Influence of Drying and Calcination on Remaining Amount and Immobile Character of Titanium on Titanium-pillared Montmorillonite

Remove of titanium （Ti） from titanium-pillared montmorillont （TIPM） is not expected during its application as adsorbent and photocatalyst, etc. But studies on immobilization of Ti on TIPM are seldom reported. In this work, TIPM was synthesized from TIC14 and Na＋-montmorillont （Na＋-MMT）. Then the prepared TIPM was heated at different temperatures （100, 240 and 450 ~C） to yield three TIPM samples （TIPM1, TIPM2, and TIPM3）. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer （ICP-OES） was used to determine the effect of heating temperature on the remaining amount of Ti on TIPMs. A two-step treatment method which is often used in the pretreatment and application of TIPM was developed to investigate the immobile character of Ti on TIPMs. X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, N2 adsorption/desorption isotherm, thermogra- vimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry （TG-DSC） were also used to characterize TIPMs before and after the treatment. The results show that with an increase in heating temperature, the amount of Ti species re- mained on T1PM decreases gradually and Ti immobilization is strengthened on TIPM. For TIPM3, less than 2% Ti is removed from TIPM3 after the treatment required to simulate the practical conditions of TIPM in its application, while those of TIPM1 and TIPM2 are 6.6% and 8.4%, respectively. The reason may be that when TIPM is heated, Ti species intercalated into MMT become chemically bonded with the framework of MMT and partially migrate into the layer structure, which make Ti immobile on TIPM firmly during the treatment process.

Causal Analysis Between Rice Growth and Cadmium Accumulation and Transfer under Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation

Cadmium(Cd)contamination in rice has been a serious threat to human health.To investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)on the Cd translocation in rice,a controlled pot experiment was conducted.The results indicated that AMF significantly increased rice biomass,with an increase of up to 40.0%,particularly in root biomass by up to 68.4%.Notably,the number of prominent rice individuals also increased,and their plasticity was enhanced following AMF inoculation.AMF led to an increase in the net photosynthetic rate and antioxidant enzyme activity of rice.In the AMF treatment group,the Cd concentration in the rice roots was significantly higher(19.1%‒68.0%)compared with that in the control group.Conversely,the Cd concentration in the rice seeds was lower in the AMF treatment group,indicating that AMF facilitated the sequestration of Cd in rice roots and reduced Cd accumulation in the seeds.Path coefficients varied across different treatments,suggesting that AMF inoculation reduced the direct impact of soil Cd concentration on the total Cd accumulation in seeds.The translocation of Cd was consistently associated with simultaneous growth dilution and compensatory accumulation as a result of mycorrhizal effects.Our study quantitatively analyzed this process through path analysis and clarified the causal relationship between rice growth and Cd transfer under the influence of AMF.

Recycling arsenic-containing bio-leaching residue after thermal treatment in cemented paste backfill:Structure modification,binder properties and environmental assessment

The substantial arsenic(As)content present in arsenic-containing bio-leaching residue(ABR)presents noteworthy environ-mental challenges attributable to its inherent instability and susceptibility to leaching.Given its elevated calcium sulfate content,ABR exhibits considerable promise for industrial applications.This study delved into the feasibility of utilizing ABR as a source of sulfates for producing super sulfated cement(SSC),offering an innovative binder for cemented paste backfill(CPB).Thermal treatment at varying temperatures of 150,350,600,and 800℃ was employed to modify ABR’s performance.The investigation encompassed the examination of phase transformations and alterations in the chemical composition of As within ABR.Subsequently,the hydration characteristics of SSC utilizing ABR,with or without thermal treatment,were studied,encompassing reaction kinetics,setting time,strength development,and microstructure.The findings revealed that thermal treatment changed the calcium sulfate structure in ABR,consequently impacting the resultant sample performance.Notably,calcination at 600℃ demonstrated optimal modification effects on both early and long-term strength attributes.This enhanced performance can be attributed to the augmented formation of reaction products and a densified micro-structure.Furthermore,the thermal treatment elicited modifications in the chemical As fractions within ABR,with limited impact on the As immobilization capacity of the prepared binders.

Conjugated microporous polymers-scaffolded enzyme cascade systems with enhanced catalytic activity

Enhancing catalytic activity of multi-enzyme in vitro through substrate channeling effect is promis-ing yet challenging.Herein,conjugated microporous polymers(CMPs)-scaffolded integrated en-zyme cascade systems(I-ECSs)are constructed through co-entrapping glucose oxidase(GOx)and horseradish peroxidase(HRP),in which hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)) is the intermediate product.The interplay of low-resistance mass transfer pathway and appropriate pore wall-H_(2)O_(2) interactions facilitates the directed transfer of H_(2)O_(2),resulting in 2.4-fold and 5.0-fold elevation in catalytic activ-ity compared to free ECSs and separated ECSs,respectively.The substrate channeling effect could be regulated by altering the mass ratio of GOx to HRP.Besides,I-ECSs demonstrate excellent stabili-ties in harsh environments and multiple recycling.

Changes in calcium accumulation and utilization efficiency and their impact on recycling,immobilization,and export across the oil palm cycle

Effective calcium(Ca)management is crucial for optimizing oil palm cultivation and enhancing crop yield.This study aimed to gain insights into the dynamics of Ca concentration,accumulation,exportation,immobilization,and recycling in various oil palm organs relative to plant age.The experiment was conducted at the Agropalma enterprise site in the northeastern region of Para State,Brazil,evaluating seven plant age treatments:2,3,4,5,6,7,and 8 years old.Employing a completely randomized design with four replications.The results demonstrated an age-related increase in Ca concentration in petioles,rachis,arrows,male inflorescences,peduncles,and fruits.Furthermore,Ca accumulation exhibited an upward trend in all organs with progressing plant age.Notably,the study revealed an enhanced Ca use efficiency across all plant organs in correlation with the age of oil palm cultivation.These findings underscore the dynamic nutritional demands of oil palm,influencing Ca immobilization,cycling,and export throughout its developmental stages.

Enhanced Species Diversity Unlocked by Habitat Conservation in Agricultural Landscapes: New Perspectives on Ecological Weed Management and Sustainable Intensification—Species Diversity and Habitat Conservation

The impulse to remain profitable by increasing agricultural production levels in view of the greater demand for food, provided impetus to production intensification. The aim of this review is to summarise current literature, reporting specifically on the impact of production intensification on habitats and yield constraints caused by weeds. Secondly, in alleviating these effects over the short term, ecological measures that enhance species diversity in conserved habitats and promote semi-natural habitats in the agricultural landscape, are discussed. In large-scale intensive agriculture, weed control is predominantly rooted in agrochemical applications in the form of herbicides. Long lasting intensive agricultural practices show discord both with the promotion of the biodiversity of microbes belowground and aboveground and with organisms involved in the breaking down of plant material. The presence of native species in the surroundings, in combination with hedgerows and field margins, with a comparatively intricate and balanced variety of plants in a sheltered environment, are essential for settlement of benign insects, particularly in the face of intensive agricultural production. The promising tactic of advantageous seed predators enables decreased herbicide applications. Crop mosaics arranged to advance compatibility at the landscape scale are important to bolster pollination services and insect management, while ecological variety in the surroundings acts as a safety net for habitat diversity. Weed control in combination with different tactics of vegetation use, comprising cover cropping, hedgerows and field margins, sets up safe havens in the landscape, and improves the diffusion of complementary life forms. Field margins perform a meaningful natural function as point of provision for forage, safe havens and distribution passageways for pollinators and insect predators. Production practices that promote more heterogeneity and combine high density semi-natural safe havens and habitat conservation in agro ecosystems are beneficial to species diversity across trophic levels and contribute to agricultural production stability and food safety.

Recent advances in immobilized enzymes on nanocarriers

Recent progress in nanotechnology has provided high-performance nanomaterials for enzyme immobilization.Nanobiocatalysts combining enzymes and nanocarriers are drawing increasing attention because of their high catalytic performance,enhanced stabilities,improved enzyme-substrate affinities,and reusabilities.Many studies have been performed to investigate the efficient use of cellulose nanocrystals,polydopamine-based nanomaterials,and synthetic polymer nanogels for enzyme immobilization.Various nanobiocatalysts are highlighted in this review,with the emphasis on the design,preparation,properties,and potential applications of nanoscale enzyme carriers and nanobiocatalysts.

固定化犁头霉菌在含有丙二醇的体系中转化RSA为皮质醇

固定化犁头霉菌在含有丙二醇的体系中转化ＲＳＡ为皮质醇王俊陈长治李保安张金红俞跃庭（南开大学分子生物学研究所天津３０００７１）皮质醇是重要的甾体激素类药物之一，目前国内采用淡紫色犁头霉菌（Ａｂｓｉｄｉａｏｒｃｈｉｄｉｓ）催化１１脱氧皮质醇醋酸酯（Ｒ...

Effect Research of Immobilized Algae-bacteria Removal Ammonia Nitrogen of Aquaculture Wastewater and Proposed Model

Applied Immobilized algae bacteria (ABI) to remove ammonia of freshwater aquaculture wastewater. Temperature (T),PH,light intensity (I),dissolved oxygen (DO) and filling rate five factors plays important role in the process of ammonia nitrogen removal ,related data between ammonia removal and five factors was received through multi-factor orthogonal test,and established relations model between the five factor and nitrogen removal. The results show that five-factors had significant effect on AR,and the best combinations for removing AR was temperature 30 ℃,pH=7.0,light intensity 6 000 lux,dissolved oxygen 5.0 mg/L and the fill rate 10%. According to the experimental data,equation model was proposed and coefficient of determination R2 =0.864 8,P<0.05. Samples T-test was done between the model predictions and the actual measured values.Test results showed that the significant difference of overall mean value sig. (2-tailed) was 0.978 (P>0.05),it Shows that had no significant difference between model predictions and the actual measured value,and model had a high degree of fitting.

Discrimination geochemical interaction effects on mineralization at the polymetallic Glojeh deposit,NW Iran by interative backward quadratic modeling

The physico-chemical exchanges between hydrothermal fluids and the host rock are usually controlled by elemental interaction effects.A criterion-based backward elimination approach applies the iterative regression analysis and analysis of variance to investigate the geochemical features of the polymetallic Glojeh(Au-Ag-CuPb-Zn)deposit in NW Iran.A statistical definition of the elemental interaction effects(X(i-j)^2,Xi×Xj)could elucidate the relationship between variables and the performance of a full quadratic polynomial model(QPM).The model optimization procedure was carried out by the removal of insignificant predictors(P value 95%CL)based on R^2(pred.)criterion.In order to straighten the convergent trend with R^2 and R^2(adj.),R^2(pred.)gradually increased from 0%to 77.8%by 15-steps optimization.The miniature-scale geochemical changes indicate double ordinal Au(Ag,Pb)and Au(Ag,Zn)interactions within the vein and host rock,in QPM.Results show that the Au(Pb-Zn)commonly presents ordinal effect at the vein and disordinal interaction at the host rock.This ordinal-disordinal interaction revealed that elements Pb and Zn have similar geochemical features during mineralization.In addition,Akima's polynomial contour map confirms the results from Pb-Zn interaction effects by dependency tracing between Au-Pb-Zn at different populations.However,it is noteworthy that Pb and Zn occur together in the second phase of Pb-Zn-Cu±(Ag±Cd)sulfide mineralization at Glojeh,which implies intergrowth and interaction of Pb-Zn on Au concentration.Pb and Zn demonstrate relatively high mobility and are generally concentrated in the near surface zones.Nb is an immobile element during alteration and high content Hg zone is mainly restricted to narrow stripes above ore vein and veinlets.

IMMOBILIZED ASPERGILLUS ORYZAE CELLS AND THEIR ACTIVITIES

Aminoacylase was immobilized on the mycelium cells of Aspergillus oryzae by using ethylenediamine, gelatin and glutylalhyde. The proper immobilized condition was studied by orthogonal experimental design. The immobilized cells with excellent activity and stability for optically resoluting N acetyl DL alanine were obtained. The effects of pH, temperature, ion concentration and substrate concentration on the reactive activity of immobilized cells were studied. The continuous optical resolution of N acetyl DL alanine was investigated respectively in an immobilized cells column (ICC) and in a novel couple immobilized cells bed & membrane reactor(CICBMR). The results indicate that the immobilized cells are suitable for industrial applications.

Spontaneous bilateral femur neck fracture secondary to grand mal seizure:A case report

BACKGROUND Spontaneous bilateral femur neck fracture is a rare entity in the general population.CASE SUMMARY A 17-year-old immobile,developmentally delayed male with the sequelae of cerebral palsy fractured both femoral necks during a grand mal epileptic seizure.He had been treated with valproic acid as an antiseizure medication for about 10years;otherwise,he had no history of drug use.The laboratory analysis was normal except a marked vitamin D deficiency.Closed reduction and osteosynthesis with percutaneous cannulated screws were performed.Solid union was observed at 6 mo,and rapid postoperative rehabilitation was started.CONCLUSION A femoral neck fracture may occur in a person with epilepsy presenting with hip pain in the emergency department.

Petrochemical characteristics of Yamaghan Prospect

In this research, major and immobile minor and trace elements are used to study the petrology of Yamaghan deposit. Some major elements of least altered samples were used to classify the host rocks and their magma type. Considering slight to medium alteration of the host rock, immobile minor and trace elements of more than 110 samples were used to get more confidential results as well. The results show the high accuracy and reliability of the implemented techniques in the study area.

三菱翼豪陆神Ⅸ发动机防盗系统分析

介绍三菱翼豪陆神Ⅸ(Lancer EvoⅨ)轿车发动机防盗系统Immobilizer的组成和工作原理,详细说明匹配和检修的具体方法,总结匹配和检修过程中需要注意的事项。

PEG汽车被动式进入启动技术综述

介绍PEG的功能及特点,阐述PEG系统的主要技术及其在各大汽车厂的应用。

Immobilization of activated sludge using improved polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel

The microbial immobilization method using polyvinyl alcohol （PVA） gel as an immobilizing material was improved and used for entrapment of activated sludge. The oxygen uptake rate （OUR） was used to characterize the biological activity of immobilized activated sludge. Three kinds of PVA-immobilized particles of activated sludge, that is, PVA-boric acid beads, PVA-sodium nitrate beads and PVA-orthophosphate beads were prepared, and their biological activity was compared by measuring the OUR value. The bioactivity of both autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms of activated sludge was determined using different synthetic wastewater media （containing 250 mg/L COD and 25 mg/L NH4^＋ -N）. The experimental results showed that the bioactivity and stability of the three kinds of immobilized activated sludge was greatly improved after activation. With respect of the bioactivity and the mechanical stability, the PVA-orthophosphate method may be a promising and economical technique for microbial immobilization.

Decolorization of reactive dyes by laccase immobilized in alginate/gelatin blent with PEG

To achieve effective decolorization of reactive dyes,laccase immobilization was investigated.Laccase 0.2%(m/V)(Denilite IIS) was trapped in beads of alginate/gelatin blent with polyethylene glycol(PEG),and then the supporters were activated by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde.The results of repeated batch decolorization showed that gelatin and appropriate concentration of glutaraldehyde accelerated the decolorization of Reactive Red B-3BF(RRB);PEG had a positive effect on enzyme stability and led to an inc...

Effects of biochar-based fertilizers on nutrient leaching in a tobacco-planting soil

Biochar is a soil amendment for increasing soil quality and decreasing nutrient leaching. However, there is little information on the impact of biochar-based fertilizer(BF) on soil nutrient leaching in agricultural soils. We conducted a soil column leaching experiment to study the effects of BF on the leaching of total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus, and total potassium(TK) in tobacco soils. The distribution characteristics of NH_4^+-N, available P, and available K in soil profiles were analyzed after the application of BF. Biochar was prepared by pyrolysis of fluecured tobacco stems. It was applied at four levels, 0%, 3%,9%, and 15%(w/w), respectively, to the compound fertilizer. Compared with the control, the leaching loss of soil TN decreased by 8.36%, 6.72%, and 6.45%, and the loss of soil TK decreased by 9.18%, 9.31% and 11.82% in the 3%,9%, and 15% BF treatments, respectively. However, BF had no significant effect on the P leaching due to the low movement of P in the soil profile. In addition, the BF addition increased the immobilization of NH_4^+-N, available P, and available K in the soil profile. These results indicate that addition of BF to a tobacco-planting soil reduced nutrient leaching, and suggest that BF could be an effective method of applying biochar to agriculture fields.