Dear Editor,Physical exercise has been shown to be associated with reduced cancer incidence and cancer-associated mortality[1,2],but the underlying mechanisms are obscure.Immunometabolic regulation has emerged as one ...Dear Editor,Physical exercise has been shown to be associated with reduced cancer incidence and cancer-associated mortality[1,2],but the underlying mechanisms are obscure.Immunometabolic regulation has emerged as one of the most prominent mechanisms explaining the effects of exercise on cancer[1,2].Physical exercise primarily lowers blood cholesterol and triglycerides,and protects against cardiovascular diseases[3].However,whether physical exercise can modulate cholesterol metabolism in tumor cells is currently unknown.展开更多
Regular physical exercise has been recognized as a potent modulator of immune function,with its effects including enhanced immune surveillance,reduced inflammation,and improved overall health.While strong evidence exi...Regular physical exercise has been recognized as a potent modulator of immune function,with its effects including enhanced immune surveillance,reduced inflammation,and improved overall health.While strong evidence exists that physical exercise affects the specific expression and activity of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)also involved in immune system regulation,heterogeneity in individual study designs and analyzed exercise protocols exists,and a condensed list of functional,exercise-dependent ncRNAs with known targets in the immune system is missing from the literature.A systematic review and qualitative analysis was used to identify and categorize ncRNAs participating in immune modulation by physical exercise.Two combined approaches were used:(a)a systematic literature search for“ncRNA and exercise immunology”,(b)and a database search for microRNAs(miRNAs)(miRTarBase and DIANA-Tarbase v8)aligned with known target genes in the immune system based on the Reactome database,combined with a systematic literature search for“ncRNA and exercise”.Literature searches were based on PubMed,Web of Science,and SPORTDiscus;and miRNA databases were filtered for targets validated by in vitro experimental data.Studies were eligible if they reported on exercise-based interventions in healthy humans.After duplicate removal,95 studies were included reporting on 164 miRNAs,which were used for the qualitative synthesis.Six studies reporting on long-noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)or circular RNAs were also identified.Results were analyzed using ordering tables that included exercise modality(endurance/resistance exercise),acute or chronic interventions,as well as the consistency in reported change between studies.Evaluation criteria were defined as“validated”with 100%of≥3 independent studies showing identical direction of regulation,“plausible”(≥80%),or“suggestive”(≥70%).For resistance exercise,upregulation of miR-206 was validated while downregulation of miR-133a appeared plausible.For endurance exercise,15 miRNAs were categorized as validated,with 12 miRNAs being consistently elevated and 3 miRNAs being downregulated,most of them after acute exercise training.In conclusion,our approach provides evidence that miRNAs play a major role in exercise-induced effects on the innate and adaptive immune system by targeting different pathways affecting immune cell distribution,function,and trafficking as well as production of(anti-)inflammatory cytokines.miRNAs miR-15,miR-29c,miR-30a,miR-142/3,miR-181a,and miR-338 emerged as key players in mediating the immunomodulatory effects of exercise predominantly after acute bouts of endurance exercise.展开更多
There is a long ritual of acquired immunity using physical exercise, a balanced diet, and pharmaceutical medication to generate immunity against a particular disease insight into the human body. This paper has extensi...There is a long ritual of acquired immunity using physical exercise, a balanced diet, and pharmaceutical medication to generate immunity against a particular disease insight into the human body. This paper has extensively reviewed the impact of exercise, daily life practice, food selection, and several other issues to improve the immune system that combat infection. Studying the effect of exercise in varying degrees on the immunity system of humans is well developed and exhibit in this study. It investigates the prevention of pandemics due to herd immunity and finds the perfect amount of exercise to boost immunity to its maximum. Besides the life practice, it is also explored that vaccination can improve and optimize herd immunity.展开更多
The benefits of physical activity and exercise,especially those classified as moderate-to-vigorous activity(MVPA),have been well-established in preventing non-communicable diseases and mental health problems in health...The benefits of physical activity and exercise,especially those classified as moderate-to-vigorous activity(MVPA),have been well-established in preventing non-communicable diseases and mental health problems in healthy adults.However,the relationship between physical activity and exercise and the prevention and management of acute respiratory infection(ARI),a global high-burden disease,has been inconclusive.There have been debates and disagreements among scientific publications regarding the relationship between exercise and immune response against the causative agents of ARI.This narrative review aims to explore the theory that sufficiently explains the correlation between exercise,immune response,and ARI.The potential root causes of discrepancies come from research associated with the“open window”hypothesis.The studies have several limitations,and future improvements to address them are urgently needed in the study design,data collection,exercise intervention,subject recruitment,biomarkers for infection and inflammation,nutritional and metabolism status,and in addressing confounding variables.In conclusion,data support the clinical advantages of exercise have a regulatory contribution toward improving the immune response,which in turn potentially protects humans fromARI.However,the hypothesis related to its negative effect must be adopted cautiously.展开更多
目的系统评价家庭步行锻炼(HB-WE)对下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)患者步行能力和生活质量的影响。方法在中国知网、万方、维普、CBM、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library数据库中检索、筛选自建库至2023年1月31日为止的H...目的系统评价家庭步行锻炼(HB-WE)对下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)患者步行能力和生活质量的影响。方法在中国知网、万方、维普、CBM、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、the Cochrane Library数据库中检索、筛选自建库至2023年1月31日为止的HB-WE对ASO患者影响的随机对照试验文献,并提取所需数据。用Cochrane协作网风险偏倚评价工具进行质量评价、RevMan5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果在475篇文献中,最终纳入11项研究。Meta分析结果显示,与常规护理相比,HB-WE可提高ASO患者的步行能力[6 min步行距离(MD=22.03,95%CI:3.56~40.49,P=0.02),步行障碍问卷—距离(MD=9.49,95%CI:2.89~16.08,P=0.005),步行障碍问卷—速度(MD=6.63,95%CI:0.65~12.60,P=0.03),步行障碍问卷—爬楼梯(MD=7.72,95%CI:0.65~14.79,P=0.03)],但两者生活质量量表身体功能评分差异无统计学意义(MD=1.26,95%CI:-4.33~6.84,P=0.66)。结论HB-WE可提高ASO患者步行能力,但在提高生活质量方面尚无明显优势,还需更多的研究来论证。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82172511)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210068)+4 种基金the Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(SZSM201612078)the Health Shanghai Initiative Special Fund[Medical-Sports Integration(JKSHZX-2022-02)]the Top Talent Support Program for Young-and Middle-aged People of Wuxi Municipal Health Commission(HB2020003)the Mega-project of Wuxi Commission of Health(Z202216)the High-end Medical Expert Team of the 2019 Taihu Talent Plan(2019-THRCTD-1)
文摘Dear Editor,Physical exercise has been shown to be associated with reduced cancer incidence and cancer-associated mortality[1,2],but the underlying mechanisms are obscure.Immunometabolic regulation has emerged as one of the most prominent mechanisms explaining the effects of exercise on cancer[1,2].Physical exercise primarily lowers blood cholesterol and triglycerides,and protects against cardiovascular diseases[3].However,whether physical exercise can modulate cholesterol metabolism in tumor cells is currently unknown.
基金supported by the European Commission within the Horizon 2020 framework program(Grant No.101017424).
文摘Regular physical exercise has been recognized as a potent modulator of immune function,with its effects including enhanced immune surveillance,reduced inflammation,and improved overall health.While strong evidence exists that physical exercise affects the specific expression and activity of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)also involved in immune system regulation,heterogeneity in individual study designs and analyzed exercise protocols exists,and a condensed list of functional,exercise-dependent ncRNAs with known targets in the immune system is missing from the literature.A systematic review and qualitative analysis was used to identify and categorize ncRNAs participating in immune modulation by physical exercise.Two combined approaches were used:(a)a systematic literature search for“ncRNA and exercise immunology”,(b)and a database search for microRNAs(miRNAs)(miRTarBase and DIANA-Tarbase v8)aligned with known target genes in the immune system based on the Reactome database,combined with a systematic literature search for“ncRNA and exercise”.Literature searches were based on PubMed,Web of Science,and SPORTDiscus;and miRNA databases were filtered for targets validated by in vitro experimental data.Studies were eligible if they reported on exercise-based interventions in healthy humans.After duplicate removal,95 studies were included reporting on 164 miRNAs,which were used for the qualitative synthesis.Six studies reporting on long-noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)or circular RNAs were also identified.Results were analyzed using ordering tables that included exercise modality(endurance/resistance exercise),acute or chronic interventions,as well as the consistency in reported change between studies.Evaluation criteria were defined as“validated”with 100%of≥3 independent studies showing identical direction of regulation,“plausible”(≥80%),or“suggestive”(≥70%).For resistance exercise,upregulation of miR-206 was validated while downregulation of miR-133a appeared plausible.For endurance exercise,15 miRNAs were categorized as validated,with 12 miRNAs being consistently elevated and 3 miRNAs being downregulated,most of them after acute exercise training.In conclusion,our approach provides evidence that miRNAs play a major role in exercise-induced effects on the innate and adaptive immune system by targeting different pathways affecting immune cell distribution,function,and trafficking as well as production of(anti-)inflammatory cytokines.miRNAs miR-15,miR-29c,miR-30a,miR-142/3,miR-181a,and miR-338 emerged as key players in mediating the immunomodulatory effects of exercise predominantly after acute bouts of endurance exercise.
文摘There is a long ritual of acquired immunity using physical exercise, a balanced diet, and pharmaceutical medication to generate immunity against a particular disease insight into the human body. This paper has extensively reviewed the impact of exercise, daily life practice, food selection, and several other issues to improve the immune system that combat infection. Studying the effect of exercise in varying degrees on the immunity system of humans is well developed and exhibit in this study. It investigates the prevention of pandemics due to herd immunity and finds the perfect amount of exercise to boost immunity to its maximum. Besides the life practice, it is also explored that vaccination can improve and optimize herd immunity.
文摘The benefits of physical activity and exercise,especially those classified as moderate-to-vigorous activity(MVPA),have been well-established in preventing non-communicable diseases and mental health problems in healthy adults.However,the relationship between physical activity and exercise and the prevention and management of acute respiratory infection(ARI),a global high-burden disease,has been inconclusive.There have been debates and disagreements among scientific publications regarding the relationship between exercise and immune response against the causative agents of ARI.This narrative review aims to explore the theory that sufficiently explains the correlation between exercise,immune response,and ARI.The potential root causes of discrepancies come from research associated with the“open window”hypothesis.The studies have several limitations,and future improvements to address them are urgently needed in the study design,data collection,exercise intervention,subject recruitment,biomarkers for infection and inflammation,nutritional and metabolism status,and in addressing confounding variables.In conclusion,data support the clinical advantages of exercise have a regulatory contribution toward improving the immune response,which in turn potentially protects humans fromARI.However,the hypothesis related to its negative effect must be adopted cautiously.
