High rate of clinically relevant improvement following anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty for glenohumeral osteoarthritis

BACKGROUND The minimal clinically important difference(MCID)is defined as the smallest meaningful change in a health domain that a patient would identify as important.Thus,an improvement that exceeds the MCID can be used to define a successful treatment for the individual patient.AIM To quantify the rate of clinical improvement following anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty for glenohumeral osteoarthritis.METHODS Patients were treated with the Global Unite total shoulder platform arthroplasty between March 2017 and February 2019 at Herlev and Gentofte Hospital,Denmark.The patients were evaluated preoperatively and 3 months,6 months,12 months,and 24 months postoperatively using the Western Ontario Osteoarthritis of the Shoulder index(WOOS),Oxford Shoulder Score(OSS)and Constant-Murley Score(CMS).The rate of clinically relevant improvement was defined as the proportion of patients who had an improvement 24 months postoperatively that exceeded the MCID.Based on previous literature,MCID for WOOS,OSS,and CMS were defined as 12.3,4.3,and 12.8 respectively.RESULTS Forty-nine patients with a Global Unite total shoulder platform arthroplasty were included for the final analysis.Mean age at the time of surgery was 66 years(range 49.0-79.0,SD:8.3)and 65%were women.One patient was revised within the two years follow-up.The mean improvement from the preoperative assessment to the two-year follow-up was 46.1 points[95%confidence interval(95%CI):39.7-53.3,P<0.005]for WOOS,18.2 points(95%CI:15.5-21.0,P<0.005)for OSS and 37.8 points(95%CI:31.5-44.0,P<0.005)for CMS.Two years postoperatively,41 patients(87%)had an improvement in WOOS that exceeded the MCID,45 patients(94%)had an improvement in OSS that exceeded the MCID,and 42 patients(88%)had an improvement in CMS that exceeded the MCID.CONCLUSION Based on three shoulder-specific outcome measures we find that approximately 90%of patients has a clinically relevant improvement.This is a clear message when informing patients about their prognosis.

What Is the Convenience of Treating a Wetland as an Agricultural Area?

The Gelsari and Lentini marshes, in east-central Sicily, are wetland under heavy anthropogenic pressure. This area is regularly subjected to water withdrawals and agriculture is practiced. Periodic bird census activities had been conducted in this area between 2016 and 2022 with collected data being supplemented with the data from a previous survey conducted between 2010 and 2016. During the censuses, numerous photographs were collected, which were later used for counts. In total, 121 surveys were carried out, with visits occurring approximately 20 times per year, covering all seasons. The data collected, both from bibliography and unpublished observations, were organised in table. 120 species and subspecies have been reported, 41 of which are in Annex I of the Birds Directive. Between 2021 and 2022, a water column measurement was taken in a central area of the Lentini marsh and compared with rainfall data in the area. It was found that water removal, occurring in both marshes in different modes, produced different effects on habitat conservation. Of the two marshes, Lentini is the one in which the existing favorable conditions in its most depressed areas, located below sea level, have allowed for the adequate conservation of the wetland. This environmental improvement having occurred with respect to the previous period has restored to the marsh its historically recognized possibility of not drying up completely during the summer period, allowing permanence of numerous birds. The obtained results suggest total elimination of agriculture and discontinuation of water withdrawals in the Lentini marsh as well as regulation of withdrawals in the Gelsari marsh.

An Analysis of Innovative Contributions to the Important Discourse on the Development of New Quality Productivity

The discourse on developing high-quality productivity marks a significant theoretical innovation,which is conducive to the modernization and sinicization of Marxism.It refines our understanding of“new quality productivity,”defining it as an advanced form driven by innovation,embodying“high technology,efficiency,and quality,”with the aim of comprehensively enhancing productivity.It elucidates the necessity of cultivating such forces,asserting that they are crucial for achieving high-quality development,securing a leading position in global technology,and fulfilling the aspirations for a better life.Moreover,it outlines a new implementation route,emphasizing strategies such as fostering technological autonomy,nurturing emerging industries,integrating education and talent in technology,adopting a“build through challenges”approach,adjusting solutions locally,and providing categorized guidance,all of which are based on the ongoing comprehensive reforms.

气象观测场在汽车试验场中的应用研究

汽车试验场作为汽车开展道路测试的重要场所,用于验证汽车产品的品质以及可靠性。除了场地道路外,气象条件作为汽车道路测试的重要一环,在《GB/T12534-1990汽车道路试验方法通则》中也有明确要求,如:试验时应是无雨无雾天气,相对湿度小于95%,气温0-40℃,风速不大于3m/s。同时气象条件也作为试验场道路管控的重要依据,实时风速、雨量、能见度等信息为场地管理者发布限速、限行、封场等通知提供必要参考依据,直接影响道路测试安全管控的及时性。因此,文章从气象观测场的建设、气象服务、异常天气道路管控等方面开展气象观测场在汽车试验场中的应用研究。

National Protection Zone for Rapeseed Production and Industrial Cluster of Rape in Hubei Province

Hubei Province is the main winter rapeseed producing area in China,and has the national advantage and characteristic industrial cluster of rape.The protection zone for the production of important agricultural products of rapeseed in Hubei Province also ranks first as that in Hunan Province.This paper studied the winter rape industry,the important agricultural product production protection zone of rapeseed,the provincial double-low high-quality rape protection zone and the industrial cluster of rape in Jianghan Plain in Hubei Province,and analyzed the main problems existing in the development of rapeseed production protection zone and industrial cluster of rape.Finally,it came up with strategies including promoting national rape varieties,overcoming the problem of rape"agricultural chip",promoting the"rice+rape"rotation model,and strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights of brand marks.

The minimal clinically important difference for gait speed in significant unilateral vestibular hypofunction after vestibular rehabilitation

Gait speed is a valid measure of both physical function and vestibular health.Vestibular rehabilitation is useful to improve gait speed for patients with vestibular hypofunction,yet there is little data to indicate how changes in gait speed reflect changes in patient-reported health outcomes.We determined the minimal clinically important difference in the gait speed of patients with unilateral vestibular hypofunction,mostly due to deafferentation surgery,as anchored to the Dizziness Handicap Index and the Activities Balance Confidence scale,validated using regression analysis,change difference,receiveroperator characteristic curve,and average change methods.After six weeks of vestibular rehabilitation,a change in gait speed from 0.20 to 0.34 m/s with 95%confidence was required for the patients to perceive a significant reduction in perception of dizziness and improved balance confidence.

Analysis of the Relationship Between Teaching Environment and Teaching Quality in Inner Mongolia Universities

This study aims to explore the relationship between the teaching environment and teaching quality in Inner Mongolia universities,analyze the characteristics and current situation of the teaching environment,and provide recommendations for improvement.Through a detailed analysis of the components,characteristics,and existing issues and challenges of the teaching environment,it is found that the teaching environment has an important impact on the teaching quality.It is suggested to increase investment in infrastructure,optimize the structure of the teaching staff,rationally allocate educational resources,and promote the balanced development of disciplines.At the same time,policy recommendations were put forward,including the establishment of a teaching evaluation system,strengthening teacher training and development,and promoting school-enterprise cooperation to improve the quality of teaching.Future research directions may focus on areas such as educational technology development,policy-level influences,and school management models to further expand our understanding of the relationship between teaching environment and teaching quality.

黄河干流重要景观的确定方法研究

1景观重要性评价指标体系的构建1.1指标选择的基本原则选择景观重要性评价指标时遵循科学性、系统性、关联性、可比性、实用性、可行性、独立性等原则。1.2指标体系的构建根据景观重要性评价的目的、重点及其指标选取的基本原则,笔者将黄河干流景观重要性评价指标体系(LIIS)分4类进行综合分析。①自然条件指标(NCI)。

Agricultural Heritage System应是“农业遗产系统”而不是“农业文化遗产”

联合国粮农组织(UNFAO)的“Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System”(全球重要农业遗产系统,简称GIAHS)项目的核心是“Agricultural Heritage System”(农业遗产系统)。中国政府主管部门与主要学术支持机构却将它译为“农业文化遗产”。这一错译的错误有三:(1)“Agricultural Heritage System”从字面上不可能译为“农业文化遗产”;(2)由世界遗产委员会的文化遗产顾问机构“国际古迹遗产保护理事会”等制定的文化遗产类型中,只有“农业遗产”而无“农业文化遗产”;(3)最重要的是,将“农业遗产系统”改为“农业文化遗产”完全抹杀了GIAHS的特点与特殊保护意义。

Zoonotic origins of human coronavirus 2019(HCoV-19/SARS-CoV-2):why is this work important?

The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with human coronavirus 2019 (HCoV-19/SARS-CoV-2/2019-nCoV), is a global threat to the human population. Here, we briefly summarize the available data for the zoonotic origins of HCoV-19, with reference to the other two epidemics of highly virulent coronaviruses, SARSCoV and MERS-CoV, which cause severe pneumonia in humans. We propose to intensify future efforts for tracing the origins of HCoV-19, which is a very important scientific question for the control and prevention of the pandemic.

Analysis on Features of News Headlines Translation

This paper is holding the purpose of summing up the theories and methods based on many examples which demonstrate principles,features and technique skills in news headline translation.We know that the translation of news headlines which is considered as the eyes and window of news appears very essential as many people do not have enough time to read the whole text from beginning to the end.They tend to browse headlines at first and then pick up the news in which the headline attracts them.From the paper,we can draw a conclusion that English news headline translation is not an easy task,and we need more study and practice to make it better and do our utmost to help Chinese readers when they are reading English newspapers or magazines.

Application of a microseismic monitoring system in deep mining

A microseismic monitoring system was used in the Donggua Shan underground copper mine, and its application was introduced. The spacial distribution of the seismic event was monitored effectively during mining with this system. The distribution of the seismic intensity in different time periods and in the different mining districts was obtained via the clustering analysis of the monitored results, and the different intensity concentration districts of seismicity were compartmentalized. The various characteristics and waveforms of different vibrations in the underground mine were revealed with the help of the micro-seismic monitoring system. It was proved that the construction and application of the micro-seismic monitoring system in the mine not only realized the continuous monitoring of seismicity in the deep mine, but also settled an this system.

Decadal variations in the community status of economically important invertebrates in the Bohai Sea

With the decline of fish stocks,the proportions of economically important invertebrates like crustaceans and cephalopods have increased in the Bohai Sea.The community structure and trophic level of economically important invertebrates were analyzed using the bottom trawl survey data collected by the Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute in the Bohai Sea in May and August of 1958–1959,1982,1992–1993,2004,2009 and 2015.A total of 37 species of economically important invertebrates,belonging to 5 orders,24 families,were captured.The biomass densities of economically important invertebrates in the Bohai Sea displayed an overall downward trend from 1982 to 2015.Oratosquilla oratoria and Loligo spp.were the most dominant species in the past 30 years,the biomass proportion of O.oratoria increased gradually in both May and August from 1982 to 2015.Moreover,biodiversity indices of economically important invertebrates in the Bohai Sea appeared to decline from 1982 to 2004 and then increased in 2015.Similarly,the mean trophic level of economically important invertebrates declined from 1982 to 2004 and increased slightly in 2015.Overall,although the proportions of invertebrates have increased,the biomass densities in the Bohai Sea have displayed an overall downward trend from 1982 to 2015.The increases in the biodiversity and trophic level of economically important invertebrates after the 2000s,possibly benefit from stock enhancement projects implemented by governments at different levels and national fishery management measures such as the“double-control”of the total number and engine power of fishing vessels and summer moratorium of fishing.

The most important questions in cancer research and clinical oncology Question 2-5.Obesity-related cancers:more questions than answers

Obesity is recognized as the second highest risk factor for cancer. The pathogenic mechanisms underlying tobaccorelated cancers are well characterized and efective programs have led to a decline in smoking and related cancers, but there is a global epidemic of obesity without a clear understanding of how obesity causes cancer. Obesity is heterogeneous, and approximately 25% of obese individuals remain healthy(metabolically healthy obese, MHO), so which fat deposition(subcutaneous versus visceral, adipose versus ectopic) is "malignant"? What is the mechanism of carcinogenesis? Is it by metabolic dysregulation or chronic inflammation? Through which chemokines/genes/signaling pathways does adipose tissue influence carcinogenesis? Can selective inhibition of these pathways uncouple obesity from cancers? Do all obesity related cancers(ORCs) share a molecular signature? Are there common(overlapping) genetic loci that make individuals susceptible to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cancers? Can we identify precursor lesions of ORCs and will early intervention of high risk individuals alter the natural history? It appears unlikely that the obesity epidemic will be controlled anytime soon; answers to these questions will help to reduce the adverse efect of obesity on human condition.

Responsiveness and minimal clinically important difference of the Chinese version of the Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire after cataract surgery

AIM: To investigate the Chinese version of the Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire(CLVQOL) as an instrument for obtaining clinically important changes after cataract surgery.METHODS: Patients underwent cataract surgery in Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, who fit the inclusion criteria were recruited. Two CLVQOLs were administered, including a preoperative CLVQOL and a CLVQOL at the end of the 3 mo follow-up period, and were completed using face-to-face interviews or phone interviews conducted by trained investigators. The minimal clinically important difference(MCID) was calculated using an anchor-based method and a distribution method. In addition, the responsiveness of the questionnaire was measured.RESULTS: A total of 155 residents were enrolled. The average visual acuity(VA) preoperatively was 0.08(SD=0.05), and it increased to 0.47(SD=0.28) at the end of followup. Statistically significant positive changes in the CLVQOL scores indicated significant improvement of vision related quality of life after cataract surgery. With the larger value between the two results as the final value, the MCID values of the CLVQOL(scores of the four scales as well as the total score) were 8.94, 2.61, 4.34, 3.10 and 17.63, respectively. The CLVQOL has both good internal and external responsiveness.CONCLUSION: CLVQOL scores are appropriate instruments for obtaining clinically important changes after cataract surgery. This study is an effective exploration for establishingcataract surgery efficacy standards, which helps clinical and scientific research workers in ophthalmology to gain a more in-depth understanding when using CLVQOL.

50 years of scanning electron microscopy of bone——a comprehensive overview of the important discoveries made and insights gained into bone material properties in health,disease,and taphonomy

Bone is an architecturally complex system that constantly undergoes structural and functional optimisation through renewal and repair.The scanning electron microscope (SEM) is among the most frequently used instruments for examining bone.It offers the key advantage of very high spatial resolution coupled with a large depth of field and wide field of view.Interactions between incident electrons and atoms on the sample surface generate backscattered electrons,secondary electrons,and various other signals including X-rays that relay compositional and topographical information.Through selective removal or preservation of specific tissue components (organic,inorganic,cellular,vascular),their individual contribution(s) to the overall functional competence can be elucidated.With few restrictions on sample geometry and a variety of applicable sample-processing routes,a given sample may be conveniently adapted for multiple analytical methods.While a conventional SEM operates at high vacuum conditions that demand clean,dry,and electrically conductive samples,non-conductive materials (e.g.,bone) can be imaged without significant modification from the natural state using an environmental scanning electron microscope.This review highlights important insights gained into bone microstructure and pathophysiology,bone response to implanted biomaterials,elemental analysis,SEM in paleoarchaeology,3D imaging using focused ion beam techniques,correlative microscopy and in situ experiments.The capacity to image seamlessly across multiple length scales within the meso-micro-nano-continuum,the SEM lends itself to many unique and diverse applications,which attest to the versatility and user-friendly nature of this instrument for studying bone.Significant technological developments are anticipated for analysing bone using the SEM.

Rare and endangered plant species of the Chinese Altai Mountains

Altai (also named Altay in China) Mountain Country (Mountain System) is a unique natural region,located on the border between different floristic regimes of the Boreal and ancient Mediterranean sub-kingdoms,where distribution of plant species is actually limited. It is known to have sufficient endemic floral biodiversity in the Northern Asia. Many plants of Altai Mountain System need effective care and proper conservation measures for their survival and longer-term protection. Important Plant Area identified as the IUCN (the International Union for Conservation of Nature),specified criteria attract global attention for protection of floral biodiversity across the world. The records of 71 plant species from the Chinese Altai Mountains attributed to the criterion A and the dark conifer forests of Chinese Altai Mountains satisfied the criterion C,which may help qualify to fulfill the national obligation of the Convention on Biological Diversity.

Assessing site-safeguard effectiveness and habitat preferences of Bar-headed Geese (Anser indicus) at their stopover sites within the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using GPS/ GSM telemetry

Background:The Bar-headed Goose(Anser indicus)breeds across the high plains and plateau of Central Asia and winters in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP),the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Indian sub-continent.Of the two recognized discrete flyways of the Bar-headed Goose,the Eastern Tibetan Flyway(ETF)is the larger,comprising at least six migration routes.However,we remain ignorant about their migratory connectivity,habitat use and effectiveness of site-safeguard mechanisms set in place for the species.Methods:We tracked 30 ETF Bar-headed Geese from Chinese and Mongolian breeding areas to their wintering grounds using GPS/GSM transmitters,to determine their migration routes and stopover staging patterns within the QTP,overlaying these upon GIS layers of protected area status and habitat type,to model their habitat selection.Results:In total,14 tagged Bar-headed Geese provided information on their entire autumn migration and 4 geese on their entire spring migration.Qinghai Lake marked birds overwintered in the QTP(n=2),geese tagged in Mongolia wintered either in the QTP(n=3)or in India/Bangladesh(n=9),representing three of the migration routes within the ETF.In total,tagged birds staged at 79 different stopover sites within QTP in autumn and 23 in spring,of which 65%(autumn)and 59%(spring)of all fixes fell within the boundaries of either National Nature Reserves(NNRs)or Important Birds Areas(IBAs)in the QTP.Bar-headed Geese predominantly occurred on four land-cover types:grassland(mostly by day),water bodies(at night),wetlands and bare substrates(salt flats,dry lake/river substrates and plough)with little change in proportion.Generalized linear mixed models comparing presence with pseudo-absence data suggested geese strongly selected for wetlands as staging habitat,avoiding bare substrates in spring.Conclusions:Based on our limited observations of these tagged geese,this study is the first to show that the current designated National Nature Reserves in place in the staging areas within the QTP appear adequate to protect this increasing population.In addition,Hala Lake in Qinghai Province and adjacent areas used as initial QTP staging during autumn migration(currently outside of designated as NNRs/IBAs)are recommended for protection,based on their use by tagged birds from this study.Habitat modelling confirmed the importance of natural wetlands as feeding areas and safe areas of open water as roosting places.

VEGF in the nervous system: an important target for research in neurodevelopmental and regenerative medicine

Vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF）in neurodevelopment and regeneration：VEGF is a well-known factor that promotes vascularization and angiogenesis.Besides this it participates in the pathogenesis of several diseases,such as colorectal carcinoma,lung cancer or diabetic retinopathy.Within the last decade,VEGF has been successfully integrated into the treatment of such diseases,for example as a therapy for colorectal cancer with the VEGF-receptor （VEGFR）-inhibitor axitinib.

Diversity, Population Structure and Regeneration Status of Woody Species in Dry Woodlands Adjacent to <i>Molapo</i>Farms in Northern Botswana

The diversity, population structure and regeneration status of woody species were studied at Xobe and Shorobe Villages in northern Botswana. A total of 130 and 111 quadrats of 20 × 20 m size were laid down at 50 m intervals along parallel line transects at Xobe and Shorobe, respectively. A total of 46 woody species, 27 from Xobe and 41 from Shorobe were recorded. Of the 46 woody species, only 22 were recorded at both sites. Ten genera and six families were found only in Shorobe while one genus and one family were found only in Xobe. The diversity and evenness of woody species were 1.5 and 0.5 in Xobe, respectively, and 2.18 and 0.6 in Shorobe, respectively. The similarities of woody species in terms of richness of species, genera and families at the two sites were about 50%, 54% and 56%, respectively. The mean densities of woody species were 2745.7 ± 1.35 and 4269.7 ± 36 individuals ha-1 at Xobe and Shorobe, respectively. Despite differences in absolute numbers, the total mean densities of woody species at both sites did not exhibit significant (P = 0.35) differences. At both sites, woody species were dominated by individuals of only a few species, which also exhibited the highest values of important value index. The population structure patterns of the woody species were categorized into five groups. The species in the first group exhibited reverse J-shaped distribution, which indicates stable population structures. The species in the second group showed relatively good recruitment but the regeneration is negatively affected. The species in the other three groups exhibited hampered regeneration as a result of disturbances caused by humans, domestic animals and annual fires. The parameters assessed indicate the need for attention and appropriate management interventions by the relevant national authorities at various levels.