Boreal forests play an important role in global environment systems. Understanding boreal forest ecosystem structure and function requires accurate monitoring and estimating of forest canopy and biomass. We used parti...Boreal forests play an important role in global environment systems. Understanding boreal forest ecosystem structure and function requires accurate monitoring and estimating of forest canopy and biomass. We used partial least square regression （PLSR） models to relate forest parameters, i.e. canopy closure density and above ground tree biomass, to Landsat ETM＋ data. The established models were optimized according to the variable importance for projection （VIP） criterion and the bootstrap method, and their performance was compared using several statistical indices. All variables selected by the VIP criterion passed the bootstrap test （p〈0.05）. The simplified models without insignificant variables （VIP 〈1） performed as well as the full model but with less computation time. The relative root mean square error （RMSE%） was 29% for canopy closure density, and 58% for above ground tree biomass. We conclude that PLSR can be an effective method for estimating canopy closure density and above ground biomass.展开更多
As an effective and universal acaricide, amitraz is widely used on beehives against varroasis caused by the mite Varroa jacobsoni. Its residues in honey pose a great danger to human health. In this study, a sensitive,...As an effective and universal acaricide, amitraz is widely used on beehives against varroasis caused by the mite Varroa jacobsoni. Its residues in honey pose a great danger to human health. In this study, a sensitive, rapid, and environmentally friendly surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy method (SERS) was developed for the determination of trace amount of amitraz in honey with the use of silver nanorod (AgNR) array substrate. The AgNR array substrate fabricated by an oblique angle deposition technique exhibited an excellent SERS activity with an enhancement factor of -10^7. Density function theory was employed to assign the characteristic peak of amitraz. The detection of amitraz was further explored and amitraz in honey at concentrations as low as 0.08 mg/kg can be identified. Specifically, partial least square regression analysis was employed to correlate the SERS spectra in full-wavelength with Camitraz to afford a multiple-quantitative amitraz predicting model. Preliminary results show that the predicted concentrations of amitraz in honey samples are in good agreement with their real concentrations. Compared with the conventional univariate quantitative model based on single peak’s intensity, the proposed multiple-quantitative predicting model integrates all the characteristic peaks of amitraz, thus offering an improved detecting accuracy and anti-interference ability.展开更多
选取了泰紫薯1号、紫罗兰、越南小紫薯三种代表性鲜食紫薯品种为实验材料,以普薯32为对照,探究了烤制、蒸制、微波三种熟制方式处理后紫薯的感官评分、水分含量、淀粉含量、糖含量等指标。结合相关性分析和偏最小二乘回归法(Partial Lea...选取了泰紫薯1号、紫罗兰、越南小紫薯三种代表性鲜食紫薯品种为实验材料,以普薯32为对照,探究了烤制、蒸制、微波三种熟制方式处理后紫薯的感官评分、水分含量、淀粉含量、糖含量等指标。结合相关性分析和偏最小二乘回归法(Partial Least Squares Regression,PLSR)探究了消费者感官评价和理化指标之间的相关性关系。感官评价结果显示,蒸泰紫薯1号得分最高,甜度和质地是决定消费者喜好程度的驱动型属性;熟制方式显著影响紫薯的理化品质,熟制后紫薯水分和淀粉含量降低,还原糖和总糖含量升高。蔗糖和麦芽糖在熟制后增加,葡萄糖和果糖随品种和熟制方式呈现不同变化趋势。在熟制过程中,蒸制有利于水分保持,烤制最有利于高温糖化。相关性分析发现感官评价得分与水分、还原糖(果糖、葡萄糖)呈极显著正相关性(P<0.01),与淀粉含量呈显著负相关性(P<0.05),相关性大小依次为还原糖、淀粉、果糖、葡萄糖、水分。PLSR确定了影响紫薯感官品质的主要指标为还原糖、果糖、葡萄糖。本研究为建立紫薯感官预测模型、开发不同紫薯品种最佳加工工艺、指导鲜食型紫薯的选育提供一定的科学依据。展开更多
基金supported by the 948 Program of the State Forestry Administration (2009-4-43)the National Natura Science Foundation of China (No.30870420)
文摘Boreal forests play an important role in global environment systems. Understanding boreal forest ecosystem structure and function requires accurate monitoring and estimating of forest canopy and biomass. We used partial least square regression （PLSR） models to relate forest parameters, i.e. canopy closure density and above ground tree biomass, to Landsat ETM＋ data. The established models were optimized according to the variable importance for projection （VIP） criterion and the bootstrap method, and their performance was compared using several statistical indices. All variables selected by the VIP criterion passed the bootstrap test （p〈0.05）. The simplified models without insignificant variables （VIP 〈1） performed as well as the full model but with less computation time. The relative root mean square error （RMSE%） was 29% for canopy closure density, and 58% for above ground tree biomass. We conclude that PLSR can be an effective method for estimating canopy closure density and above ground biomass.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province (No.16KJB510009 and No.17KJB510017)Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation of China (BK20150228)
文摘As an effective and universal acaricide, amitraz is widely used on beehives against varroasis caused by the mite Varroa jacobsoni. Its residues in honey pose a great danger to human health. In this study, a sensitive, rapid, and environmentally friendly surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy method (SERS) was developed for the determination of trace amount of amitraz in honey with the use of silver nanorod (AgNR) array substrate. The AgNR array substrate fabricated by an oblique angle deposition technique exhibited an excellent SERS activity with an enhancement factor of -10^7. Density function theory was employed to assign the characteristic peak of amitraz. The detection of amitraz was further explored and amitraz in honey at concentrations as low as 0.08 mg/kg can be identified. Specifically, partial least square regression analysis was employed to correlate the SERS spectra in full-wavelength with Camitraz to afford a multiple-quantitative amitraz predicting model. Preliminary results show that the predicted concentrations of amitraz in honey samples are in good agreement with their real concentrations. Compared with the conventional univariate quantitative model based on single peak’s intensity, the proposed multiple-quantitative predicting model integrates all the characteristic peaks of amitraz, thus offering an improved detecting accuracy and anti-interference ability.
文摘选取了泰紫薯1号、紫罗兰、越南小紫薯三种代表性鲜食紫薯品种为实验材料,以普薯32为对照,探究了烤制、蒸制、微波三种熟制方式处理后紫薯的感官评分、水分含量、淀粉含量、糖含量等指标。结合相关性分析和偏最小二乘回归法(Partial Least Squares Regression,PLSR)探究了消费者感官评价和理化指标之间的相关性关系。感官评价结果显示,蒸泰紫薯1号得分最高,甜度和质地是决定消费者喜好程度的驱动型属性;熟制方式显著影响紫薯的理化品质,熟制后紫薯水分和淀粉含量降低,还原糖和总糖含量升高。蔗糖和麦芽糖在熟制后增加,葡萄糖和果糖随品种和熟制方式呈现不同变化趋势。在熟制过程中,蒸制有利于水分保持,烤制最有利于高温糖化。相关性分析发现感官评价得分与水分、还原糖(果糖、葡萄糖)呈极显著正相关性(P<0.01),与淀粉含量呈显著负相关性(P<0.05),相关性大小依次为还原糖、淀粉、果糖、葡萄糖、水分。PLSR确定了影响紫薯感官品质的主要指标为还原糖、果糖、葡萄糖。本研究为建立紫薯感官预测模型、开发不同紫薯品种最佳加工工艺、指导鲜食型紫薯的选育提供一定的科学依据。
