Are cities greener because of innovation?Independent innovation policy and green economic efficiency

The national independent innovation demonstration zone(NIIDZ)is an independent innovation policy that plays a crucial role in implementing strategies.Given the importance of the NIIDZ,this study uses panel data of 278 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2020 and empirically examines the effect and internal mechanism of the NIIDZ on green economic efficiency(GEE)using the difference-in-difference model(DID).The results show that the NIIDZ effectively enhances the growth of GEE,and the results remain valid through several robustness tests,such as year-by-year propensity score matching.The transmission mechanism suggests that the NIIDZ indirectly drives GEE by accelerating scientific and technological investment,promoting talent concentration,and optimizing the industrial structure.Moreover,heterogeneity analysis reveals that the promotion effect of the NIIDZ on GEE is more prominent in the eastern region and high green development level areas.The study’s findings can serve as a reference for China to further utilize the policy effectiveness of the NIIDZ and accelerate the high-quality development of the green economy in the future.

STABILITY OF INNOVATION DIFFUSION MODEL WITH NONLINEAR ACCEPTANCE

In this article, an innovation diffusion model with the nonlinear acceptance is proposed to describe the dynamics of three competing products in a market. It is proved that the model admits a unique positive equilibrium, which is globally stable by excluding the existence of periodic solutions and by using the theory of three dimensional competition systems.

STABILITY AND BIFURCATION ANALYSIS OF A DELAYED INNOVATION DIFFUSION MODEL

In this article, a nonlinear mathematical model for innovation diffusion with stage structure which incorporates the evaluation stage （time delay） is proposed. The model is analyzed by considering the effects of external as well as internal influences and other demographic processes such as emigration, intrinsic growth rate, death rate, etc. The asymptotical stability of the various equilibria is investigated. By analyzing the exponential characteristic equation with delay-dependent coefficients obtained through the variational matrix, it is found that Hopf bifurcation occurs when the evaluation period （time delay, T） passes through a critical value. Applying the normal form theory and the center manifold argument, we de- rive the explicit formulas determining the properties of the bifurcating periodic solutions. To illustrate our theoretical analysis, some numerical simulations are also included.

Research on the Diffusion Model of Innovation

In this paper, the model of competing technologies diffusion was set up in order to analyze the relationship of competing technologies in diffusion process, and the stability of diffusion model with two kinds of competing technologies was analyzed. It is concluded that dominator can hold competing vantage by suppressing its opponent, and besides, whether competing technology can gain superiority in diffusion process depends on the success rates of technology diffusion when the two kinds of technology match each other in strength.

Empirical Study of ＂Double Threshold＂ Modified Model on New Product Diffusion

The innovations actually diffuse among social network nowadays.Individual heterogeneity,interactions between individuals and network topology influence a lot.We established a "double threshold" modified model and took the number of neighbors,neighbors' adoption and the cost-benefit parameters as crucial influencing factors.The diffusion of DaLingTong(CDMA450)products in MeiShan city of SiChuan province during 2004 to 2007 has been used to verity the model on Matlab.The validation results fit the actual diffusion pattern of DaLingTong(CDMA450) products very well.The results indicate that there exists a "tipping point(threshold)" in the process of innovation diffusion.If the initial adoption quantity is larger than the tipping point,then the product will spread to a large portion of people,otherwise is will collapse to zero.The model can effectively predict the diffusion of new products,and can influence the diffusion process by changing the value of the parameters.

Diffusion of Innovative Behavior of the Public Toward Preparing FEMKs:From Innovative Characteristics to Personal Risk Perception and Behavioral Intention

Objective:The study aims to apply diffusion of innovation theory and structural equation modeling(SEM)to explore the current situation of personal risk perception and preparation of family emergency medicine kits(FEMKs)in Shanxi Province during the period of COVID-19.Moreover,the study intends to analyze the impact of innovation characteristics and risk perception to provide reference for the future popularization of FEMKs and the formulation of relevant policies.Methods:A total of 1,606 permanent residents in Shanxi Province were selected as respondents.SEM was used to analyze the relationship among innovation characteristics,personal risk perception,and behavioral intention.Results:The results demonstrate that only observability(λ=0.968)exerted a significant direct impact on the public's behavior of preparing FEMKs.Personal risk perception(λ=0.334)can have a significant direct impact on behavioral intention.Relative advantage,compatibility,and convenience of use exerted significant impacts on behavioral intention by influencing individual perceived risk(mediating effects=0.237,0.892,and 1.044,respectively).Conclusion:Residents are undergoing a period of change(i.e.,from the contemplation to the preparation stage).Thus,innovative characteristics can directly influence the behavior or behavioral intention of preparing FEMKs by influencing the public's risk perception.In the future,studies should focus on publicity and education of the behavior of preparing FEMKs to increase the awareness of residents and effectively improve the FEMKs level of importance given to this behavior.

从创新扩散视角看优质医疗资源扩容影响因素——基于中国胸痛中心建设的实证研究

目的:本研究在创新扩散理论视角下,分析中国胸痛中心扩散影响因素,为优质医疗资源扩容提供参考依据。方法:收集我国内地地区31个省级行政区2014-2022年胸痛中心面板数据,以随机效应模型和固定效应模型为基本模型,创新运用空间杜宾模型,定量分析我国胸痛中心建设创新扩散影响因素。结果:固定效应模型与空间杜宾模型结果保持一致。公众需求没有对胸痛中心采用率产生显著影响,政策支持、经济水平、城镇化水平均对胸痛中心采用率产生正向影响。空间杜宾模型进一步证实了公共服务创新扩散存在邻近效应。结论:建议市县各级卫生健康行政部门对辖区胸痛中心建设予以政策支持。采取输送技术、结对帮扶等方式,提高经济发展水平较低地区胸痛中心建设成功率。通过学术会议、交流培训等方式改善农村地区学术信息滞后、信息茧房现状。

数字人民币接受与使用的影响因素和组态路径探索

在数字人民币试点工作全面推进的背景下,明确影响公众接受与使用数字人民币的因素有利于数字人民币的深入推广与普及。基于整合型技术接受与使用统一理论(UTAUT2)模型、创新扩散理论和感知风险理论构建数字人民币接受与使用的影响因素研究模型,通过问卷调查法获取1976份数据,以结构方程模型(SEM)验证假设及变量的净效应,并采用模糊集定性比较分析方法(fsQCA)研究诱发数字人民币高频与低频使用行为的组态路径。SEM研究结果表明:绩效期望、努力期望、社会影响、便利条件、个体创新性正向影响接受意愿,感知风险负向影响接受意愿,便利条件、习惯、接受意愿正向影响使用行为;接受意愿在绩效期望、努力期望、社会影响、感知风险对使用行为的影响中发挥显著中介作用。fsQCA研究结果显示:条件外驱模式、体验侧重模式、内因主导模式、综合作用模式、个性影响模式、安全倾向模式可实现数字人民币高频使用;环境缺失模式、风险阻碍模式会导致数字人民币低频使用。基于此,提出从推进应用场景开发与生态建设、增强用户黏性、培育公民数字素养、提升使用体验与效用、加强安全保障与立法监管、贯彻宣传工作等方面促进数字人民币应用。

汽车产业重大发展战略需求下创新型研究生培养与实践

研究生培养是国家与社会赋予高校和导师的责任和义务,为党育人、为国育才,培养适应国家重大战略需求的自主创新型人才是新时代研究生培养的重要任务。北航智能传动研究中心(ITRC)长期以来积极探索研究生培养模式,提出“定目标、强基础、重实践、融创新”的研究生培养模式,先后培养汽车领域的领军人才、技术骨干和青年拔尖人才。该文将阐述在新时代发展背景下、在研究生教育规模快速扩大环境下、在汽车产业与技术变革快速更新迭代期,如何加强对高质量研究生的能力培养,如何加快所培养研究生对汽车产业重大需求的适应速度,如何加深研究生自主创新的学风氛围。同时,总结和梳理北航ITRC团队在自主创新型研究生培养模式上所取得的经验,以期为培养汽车及其他行业拔尖创新人才提供新的育人思路和实施方法。

智能计算时代深化电影科技创新和推进电影强国建设的思考与启示

人类社会正加快步入智能计算时代,现代智能科技对电影产业的影响持续深化和不断泛化,机器学习、深度学习、人工智能生成内容(AIGC)、大语言模型(LLM)、多模态模型等技术正在深刻影响和重构优化电影全产业链全价值链。伴随电影科技创新进入攻坚期和深水区,电影产业发展面临新形势新要求,我们要深化电影科技自主创新,积极推进电影行业的智能化升级,推进生成式人工智能、人工智能大模型、沉浸式视听等技术在我国电影行业的定制设计、自主研制与科学应用,有力支撑和服务社会主义电影强国建设。

An innovation diffusion model for consumer durables with three parameters

Strategic innovation diffusion converts newly created knowledge into increasing a firm’s value primarily through innovative product offerings.In this paper,we present a time-based adoption pattern with pricing and promotional expenditure as a three-dimensional innovation diffusion model(3D-IDM).In our proposed 3D-IDM,we assume that value of the product plays a crucial role of being the major driver of diffusion,and is classified into the following three main factors:(1)continuation time of the product in the market–representing goodwill of the product;(2)price of the product–indicating consumers’buying behaviour;and(3)marketing efforts of the firm.A special form of the Cobb–Douglas production function is used to design the three-dimensional framework.An empirical study is performed on number of consumer-durable sales data to validate and compare the proposed model.Various performance measures are treated uniquely using the Mahalanobis distance-based approach(DBA)to determine the relative strength of each model.

旅游目的地创新影响因素及其作用机制研究——以乌镇为例

随着旅游市场竞争日趋激烈和旅游者的需求不断演变,旅游目的地只有不断创新,才能在竞争中保持领先地位。以创新扩散理论为切入点,利用质性元分析法归纳现有旅游目的地创新研究成果,提炼出影响目的地创新的7个前因因素(资源开拓、理念革新、产品升级、市场深耕、业态转型、支撑体系、服务生态系统)和1个中介传导因素(创新扩散),并以乌镇为案例,利用SEM模型对目的地创新的影响机制进行定量检验。检验结果发现:资源开拓、理念革新、产品升级、市场深耕、业态转型对目的地创新具有显著正向影响,创新扩散在以上关系中具有显著的中介效应。因此,应创新开发旅游资源、贯彻新发展理念、升级创新旅游产品、持续发力市场攻坚、主动拥抱旅游新业态,以有助于我国旅游目的地开展创新实践和可持续发展。

环境不确定情景下绿色技术创新动态扩散模型分析

为探究不确定性因素对绿色技术创新动态扩散过程的影响,推动绿色技术创新以解决气候变化、资源稀缺和环境破坏等问题,通过构建以企业和消费者为主体的随机演化博弈模型,并对其进行了稳定性分析,得到3种扩散稳定情形,并完成了仿真测试。结果表明:在实施绿色技术创新策略的企业比重以及选择绿色消费的消费者比重均较小时,在不同的随机干扰下,最终都不能实现有效稳定;随着两者比例的增大,在经历混沌状态后,绿色技术创新策略和绿色消费能分别在企业和消费者中成功扩散,且在不同的干扰程度下实现有效稳定。

考虑禁言机制的谣言传播模型

在信息爆炸的互联网时代,谣言传播的速度越来越快,传播的范围越来越广。社交媒体和互联网的普及使得谣言可以在短时间内迅速传播,给个人、组织和社会带来负面影响,因此,对谣言传播进行研究具有重要意义。目前已有大量文献研究社交网络中的谣言传播问题,但较少考虑禁言机制对谣言传播与辟谣模型的作用,而禁言对维护社交网络的秩序与安全具有现实意义。为此,在经典SIR谣言传播模型的基础上,提出一种考虑禁言机制的谣言传播与辟谣模型,从竞争性创新扩散角度建立其数学方程。此外,通过对该模型进行实验仿真,研究禁言周期、记忆时长、遗忘率等因素对谣言传播的影响。实验结果表明,抑制策略在多数情况下能够对谣言传播起到有效的控制效果,然而,增大禁言周期可能并非最佳方案,较低的遗忘率、较长的记忆时间和提高公信力对谣言传播控制也十分重要。

人力资本价值存量对创新发展的影响研究——来自深圳国家自主创新示范区的经验证据

一直以来,我国十分重视创新发展进程。通过构建人力资本价值存量和创新发展的测评指标体系,基于深圳国家自主创新示范区(简称“自创区”)2009-2022年的数据,运用指数分析、回归分析和VAR模型研究人力资本价值存量对创新发展的影响。结果显示:(1)深圳自创区科技人力资本价值存量指数增长缓慢,尖端研发人员和技术人才仍有缺口;科技经费和R&D人才投入力度有待加强;(2)深圳自创区人力资本价值存量显著促进创新发展,人力资本价值存量每提高1个单位,创新发展提高1.009个单位;(3)人力资本价值存量3个维度对创新发展及其3个维度的影响效应呈增长趋势,滞后10期时,教育人力资本存量对创新发展的影响最强,为71.653%。基于以上结论提出对策建议,以期促进深圳自创区创新发展水平的进一步提高。

分析创新扩散理论模式干预对中风后遗症老年患者的应用效果

目的:分析创新扩散理论模式干预对中风后遗症老年患者日常生活活动能力及睡眠质量的影响。方法:选取2022年5月至2023年5月厦门大学附属中山医院全能医学科收治的中风后遗症老年患者86例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组43例。对照组给予常规护理干预,观察组给予创新扩散理论模式干预。采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)比较2组患者干预前后神经功能缺损程度,评定2组中风后遗症老年患者护理前后睡眠质量的变化,从夜间总睡眠时间、睡眠潜伏期、睡眠效率进行判定;采用日常生活能力量表(ADL)比较2组患者的生命质量。结果:干预后,观察组NIHSS评分显著低于对照组,观察组ADL评分显著高于对照组,观察组总睡眠时间、睡眠效率显著高于对照组,睡眠潜伏期显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:创新扩散理论模式下的干预措施对中风后遗症老年患者日常生活活动能力及睡眠质量提升具有积极的影响,能有效提高患者的生命质量,值得临床推广应用。

医院无卡自主结算模式的探索与实践

探讨医院无卡自主结算模式的发展和实践及其在现代医疗体系中的潜力和挑战具有重大意义。基于此,分析相关文献、研究案例和数据,深入探讨无卡自主结算模式的实施情况,并评估其对医院、患者和医疗系统的影响。此外,分析影响这一模式成功实施的关键因素,包括政策、技术、患者需求和文化因素。

Interactive Training Model of TRIZ for Mechanical Engineers in China

Abstract： Innovation is a process of taking an original idea and converting it into a business value, in which the engineers face some inventive problems which can be solved hardly by experience. TRIZ, as a new theory for companies in China, provides both conceptual and procedural knowledge for finding and solving inventive problems. Because the government plays a leading role in the diffusion of TRIZ, too many companies from different industries are waiting to be trained, but the quantity of the trainers mastering TRIZ is incompatible with that requirement. In this context, to improve the training effect, an interactive training model of TRIZ for the mechanical engineers in China is developed and the implementation in the form of training classes is carried out. The training process is divided into 6 phases as follows： selecting engineers, training stage-l, finding problems, training stage-2, finding solutions and summing up. The government, TRIZ institutions and companies to join the programs interact during the process. The government initiates and monitors a project in form of a training class of TRIZ and selects companies to join the programs. Each selected companies choose a few engineers to join the class and supervises the training result. The TRIZ institutions design the training courses and carry out training curriculum. With the beginning of the class, an effective communication channel is established by means of interview, discussion face to face, E-mail, QQ and so on. After two years training practices, the results show that innovative abilities of the engineers to join and pass the final examinations increased distinctly, and most of companies joined the training class have taken congnizance of the power of TRIZ for product innovation. This research proposes an interactive training model of TRIZ for mechanical engineers in China to expedite the knowledge diffusion of TRIZ.

Rapid, Non-Destructive, Textile Classification Using SIMCA on Diffuse Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectra

Soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) was successful in classifying a large library of 758 commercially available, non-blended samples of acetate, cotton, polyester, rayon, silk and wool 89% - 98% of the time at the 95% confidence level (p = 0.05 significance level). In the present study, cotton and silk had a 62% and 24% chance, respectively, of being classified with their own group and also with rayon. SIMCA correctly identified a counterfeit “silk” sample as polyester. When coupled with diffuse NIR reflectance spectroscopy and a large sample library, SIMCA shows considerable promise as a quick, non-destructive, multivariate method for fiber identification. A major advantage is simplicity. No sample pretreatment of any kind was required, and no adjust-ments were made for fiber origin, manufacturing process residues, topical finishes, weave pattern, or dye content. Increasing the sample library should make the models more robust and improve identification rates over those reported in this paper.

基于LDA模型的农业农村科技创新政策扩散特征研究

党的二十大报告提出要“加快建设农业强国”和“实施创新驱动发展战略”,在新时代新征程上,要不断优化农业科技创新政策体系,为加快建设农业强国添动力。以党的十八大以来出台的农业农村科技创新政策为样本,应用R语言的文本挖掘技术,分析中国农业农村科技创新政策的政策扩散特征。研究发现:中国农业农村科技创新政策呈现出自上而下的扩散态势,下级政府对上级政策落实强度、响应速度在增强;政策主题扩散呈现明显的时间特征,政策在扩散中自上而下内容不断细化,政策的传导效率不断提高,但自下而上的政策互动较少。