Residential environment index system and evaluation model established by subjective and objective methods

In this research, the residential environment index system and evaluation model were established by means of subjective and objective methods. The methodology for establishing the evaluation system for residential environment was first analyzed; then the subjective evaluation data-base was established by questionnaire survey; and at the same time, the objective evaluation data-base was constructed by Geographic Information System (GIS); and then the related equation system between subjective and objective system was developed by multiple regression analysis. This research could benefit evaluation of the residential environment quality for various purposes, and also provide important rudimentary data-base for the development and improvement of residential environment for officials. Furthermore, the index system and evaluation model established in this research could construct a strong relation between subjective evaluation and objective data; and thus could provide a comprehensive, efficient and effective methodology for the evaluation of residential environment.

Study on Index System of the Environmental Change and Ecological Security for a River Basin Based on DPSIR Model

[ Objective] The research aimed to study index system of the environmental change and ecological security for a river basin based on DPSIR model. [Method] Based on considering each influence factor of the environmental change and ecological security for a river basin, DPSIR model as framework, the basic framework, principle and related method of index system of the environmental change and ecological security for a river basin under influence of the multi-level development were put forward. [ ]Result] Index system of the environmental change and ecological se- curity for a river basin based on DPSIR model included driving force indicator, pressure indicator, state indicator, influence indicator and response indicator. Each indicator type also had many sub-indicators. [ Conclusion] The research provided theoretical support and method reference for as- sessment of the ecological security and execution of the ecological environment management for a river basin in China.

The Construction of Tiankeng Landscape Evaluation Model and the Index System

Based on researches done by other scholars,this paper summarized tiankeng's landscape characteristics and analyzed them.By referring to the methods and standards of tourism resources evaluation,tiankeng landscape evaluation model has been built.The evaluation index system was built in terms of the model and tiankeng's characters.After the evaluating factors and index were established,the weights of them have been figured out by AHP method.For the first time tiankeng has been studied from the view of landscape.However,this primary study about tiankeng landscape evaluation will offer reference for its tourism development and protection.It also lays the foundation for the construction of a better system.

Construction of Popular Science Tourism Evaluation Index System for Geoparks and Empirical Analysis

Popular science tourism is a new tourism mode, and geopark scenic area is an important carrier of popular science tourism. It is the premise and foundation for the popular science tourism development of geoparks to establish a scientific evaluation index system and evaluation model. On the basis of analyzing relevant evaluation models, this paper explored the evaluation system and model of geopark popular science tourism in following steps. First, establish the index system. Based on the theory method, frequency method, and expert consultation method, this paper established the popular science tourism evaluation index system of geopark scenic area. The evaluation index system includes 3 primary indexes, 8 secondary indexes and 30 tertiary indexes. Second, define index weight and scoring standards. Index weights were defined using Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP), the measuring method of each index and the scoring standards were specified. Third, evaluation model and grade. The evaluation model of popular science tourism development was constructed, and the evaluation results were classified into 4 grades. Fourth, empirical study. The evaluation model was applied to measure and investigate popular science tourism of Henan Yuntain Mountain World Geopark, and the final score was 7.619, indicating a higher evaluation grade of popular science tourism of the park.

A Knowledge Model System for Wheat Production Management

A knowledge model with temporal and spatial characteristics for the quantitative design of a cultural pattern in wheat production, using systems analysis and dynamic modeling techniques, was developed for wheat management, as a decision-making tool in digital farming. The fundamental relationships and algorithms of wheat growth indices and management criteria to cultivars, ecological environments, and production levels were derived from the existing literature and research data to establish a knowledge model system for quantitative wheat management using Visual C++. The system designed a cultural management plan for general management guidelines and crop regulation indices for time-course control criteria during the wheat-growing period. The cultural management plan module included submodels to determine target grain yield and quality, cultivar choice, sowing date, population density, sowing rate, fertilization strategy, and water management, whereas the crop regulation indices module included submodels for suitable development stages, dynamic growth indices, source-sink indices, and nutrient indices. Evaluation of the knowledge model by design studies on the basis of data sets of different eco-sites, cultivars, and soil types indicated a favorable performance of the model system in recommending growth indices and management criteria under diverse conditions. Practical application of the knowledge model system in comparative field experiments produced yield gains of 2.4% to 16.5%. Thus, the presented knowledge model system overcame some of the difficulties of the traditional wheat management patterns and expert systems, and laid a foundation for facilitating the digitization of wheat management.

Expert Anti-Evaluation Model Based on Matter-Element Analysis in Fund Project Peer-Review System

The article analyses several key issues which restrict the effectiveness of fund project peer review work. It analyses the evaluating theory and matter-element theory to access the expert anti-evaluation model, and also studies the expert anti-evaluation index system to support the anti-evaluation method. The practical basis is the true score data of the experts which is collected from the actual anti-evaluation in Liaoning province science and technology fund project peer review system. With the practical experience of the actual project, we prove that the expert index system anti-evaluation model and expert anti-evaluation method can improve the fund project peer review work and play a positive role for the peer review work and also make the review work more scientific and more rational.

基于陆海统筹的资源环境承载力评价方法探讨

海洋、海岸带蕴含的资源丰富,与人类生存发展息息相关。近年来,随着海洋经济的迅速增长,自然岸线和滨海湿地面积减少、生物多样性降低、典型生态系统受损、近岸海域灾害频发、渔业资源减少等问题日益显现。如何从战略高度提升海洋经济,开发和保护并举,确保海岸带、海洋资源取用合理是新时代的重要课题。陆地和海洋是生态系统不可分割的组成部分,开展陆海统筹的资源环境承载力评价是衡量区域经济发展与生态环境是否协调可持续发展的有效途径。文章系统地梳理了承载力概念的发展历程,对比了常用的海洋资源环境承载力评价方法,初步构建了陆海统筹的资源环境承载力评价指标体系,并提出使用熵值法来确定指标权重,采用状态空间评价模型或TOPSIS模型进行承载力综合评价,可以体现陆地和海洋相互影响、相互制约的关系,并具有较强的可操作性,评价结果可以反映区域资源环境承载力的空间差异或随时间变化情况,能够为海洋和海岸带保护利用提供有效借鉴。

地质灾害易发性评价方法综述

我国地形地质条件复杂,地质灾害多发,人类各类工程地质活动加剧了地质灾害的发生与发展.地质灾害预防与管理工作是保障人民生命与财产安全的前提与基础.地质灾害易发性评价是地质灾害危险性评价和风险评价的前提,也是地质灾害区划和防治工作的基础.本文基于国内外地质灾害易发性的相关研究,对地质灾害易发性概念、评价指标体系、权重计算方法和易发性评价模型进行分析总结,并指出了地质灾害易发性评价中亟待解决的主要问题.

自然资源调查监测成果分析评价指标计算系统设计与实现

针对自然资源调查监测数据分析评价工作自动化和智能化的需求,设计了自然资源调查监测成果分析评价指标计算系统的总体架构、系统数据库、功能架构与技术架构。在系统建设的过程中,基于ETL技术实现了大规模结构化数据的快速入库,采用模型构建器技术,提升了建模效率和模型的可拓展性,运用在线可视化分析页面构建技术,实现了在系统中高效且美观地展示各类专项调查监测、统计及评价成果数据,运用地理信息赋能经济社会可持续发展。

在线医疗平台信息生态系统的生态性评价指标体系研究

[目的/意义]在线医疗平台作为一类典型的信息生态系统,其可持续发展依赖于生态性水平。构建生态性评价指标体系,不仅是对在线医疗平台评价指标体系的必要补充,还有助于拓展生态性评价的研究场景。[方法/过程]基于信息生态理论,利用德尔菲法和层次分析法,以DPSIR模型为基础,构建了由“驱动力—压力—状态—影响—响应”5个维度构成的在线医疗平台信息生态系统的生态性评价指标体系。[结果/结论]在线医疗平台应着力于内在动力的激发;信息生态位重叠问题是平台压力的主要来源;提升社会和同行对在线医疗平台的评价是改善平台状态的重要抓手;增强资源吸引力和资源巩固力是提高平台影响力的关键;系统创新能力是强化平台响应能力的重要因素。

基于CRITIC-TOPSIS模型的图书馆图书供应商评价研究

[目的/意义]旨在构建图书供应商的评价指标体系与评价模型,为图书馆优选图书供应商提供决策依据和方法。[方法/过程]以BSC模型为分析基础从供应商的影响力、供应能力、服务水平、价格、响应能力等维度形成了图书供应商的评价指标体系,构建了CRITIC-TOPSIS评价模型,以对图书供应商进行评价和选择。[结果/结论]该评价模型考虑了评价指标间的变异性和相关性,缓解了选择图书供应商时存在的主观不确定性,可以为图书馆选择优质图书供应商提供方法和指导。

基于TPACK模型的临床教师教学能力评价指标体系构建

目的构建临床教师教学能力评价指标体系,为高等医学院校及临床教学基地开展临床师资队伍建设提供工具性支持。方法采用文献分析法、结构式访谈法建立评价指标项目池,采用德尔菲法对评价指标进行筛选与修改,采用层次分析法确定评价指标权重。结果两轮专家积极系数均为100%,专家权威系数为0.859,第二轮专家协调系数为0.531~0.613。构建的临床教师教学能力评价指标体系包括4个一级指标、12个二级指标、34个三级指标,各级指标权重均通过一致性检验。结论咨询专家的积极性、权威性及一致性程度较高,构建的评价指标体系具有较高的可信度,可作为培训和评价临床教师专业发展的工具。

基于云物元的寒区公路绿色施工评价体系研究

脆弱性冻土生态环境与寒区公路建设存在复杂的博弈关系,二者相互制约、相互影响,为践行绿色低碳公路的战略目标,科学构建一套寒区公路绿色施工评价体系,是十分迫切且重要的。鉴于此,文章基于文献调查法和德尔菲法进行寒区公路绿色施工评价指标体系的构建,运用改进的三标度层次分析法对评价指标权重进行确定,将云模型引入到物元可拓评价模型,建立各评价指标正态云评价语言云参数,实现模糊性指标评价语言从定性到定量的转换,通过MATLAB多次仿真计算评价指标与各评价等级间隶属度,运用最大隶属度原则判断寒区公路绿色施工评价等级。对黑龙江省多年冻土区呼玛至十八站段公路项目进行绿色施工评价,得到“Ⅳ”级评价结果,绿色施工发展态势较好。对比模型计算结果与项目实际绿色施工情况得,绿色施工模型评价结果与项目绿色施工实际开展状况相吻合,证实了建立的指标体系与评价模型的科学合理性,可为同类寒区公路项目开展绿色施工评价提供一定的借鉴。

基于DPSIR模型的牧草产品质量安全评价指标体系构建及应用

构建一个具有通用性的牧草产品质量安全指标体系,用以评估各区域的牧草产品质量安全水平,是完善国家生态草牧业体系建设的重要基础性工作。本研究在驱动力-压力-状态-影响-反应(DPSIR)模型概念框架下,基于已发布的饲草标准和文献统计资料,系统梳理影响牧草产品质量安全的相关指标,筛选出14个指标,即牛羊肉人均消费量、畜牧机械数量、保鲜存储设备数量、年日照时长、年降水总量、粗蛋白含量、中性洗涤纤维含量、酸性洗涤纤维含量、干物质消化率、牛肉年产量增长率、羊肉年产量增长率、牛羊出栏总量、地区条例标准出台个数、质量监管力度。采用层次分析法(AHP)量化各指标权重,发现粗蛋白含量的权重最高,中性和酸性洗涤纤维含量次之,保鲜存储设备数量权重最小。基于本研究构建的牧草产品质量安全评价指标体系,对青海省同德县和甘肃省山丹县的天然牧草产品进行质量安全评价,结果表明同德县的天然牧草产品质量安全高于山丹县,对应安全等级分别为二级、三级。牧草产品质量安全评价指标体系的构建,为提高牧草产品品质、保障奶畜养殖的安全及为草牧业发展提供科学指导。

直升机海上应急救援能力评估研究

将直升机海上应急救援过程中“事前预防—事中响应—事后恢复”3个阶段的安全问题考虑到应急救援体系中,可有效评估直升机海上应急救援能力,提高其应急救援效率。基于“5W1H”分析法设计研究框架,通过文献分析、问卷调查、专家咨询等方法对直升机海上应急救援能力评估指标进行筛选,确定出21项评价指标并构建直升机海上应急救援能力评估指标体系;利用基于D-S证据理论的层次分析法确定指标权重,运用模糊综合评估法构建直升机海上应急救援能力综合评估模型;将该评估模型应用到以海上风机维护人员受伤为例的救援演练中,得分为86.89,判定救援能力为“较强”。结果表明:该评价指标体系和评估模型有一定的实用性,能够有效评估直升机海上应急救援的能力。

基于三维质量结构模型构建老年失能患者延续护理的质量评价指标体系

目的 探讨并构建老年失能患者延续护理质量评价指标体系。方法 于2022年7-9月,以三维质量结构模型为理论基础,结合文献回顾、德尔菲专家函询方法,根据老年失能患者延续护理服务内容和评估需求,构建了以“结构-过程-结果”模式为框架的老年失能患者延续护理服务质量评价体系。结果 经过2轮护理专家函询的权威系数、判断系数、熟悉系数分别为0.931、0.929、0.933;确定老年失能患者延续护理服务三维质量评价体系中包含一级指标3项,二级指标9项,三级指标36项;2轮专家函询的协调系数为0.455、0.410。结论 老年失能患者延续护理服务三维质量评价体系内容严谨、科学、全面及可靠,有利于延续护理服务质量的改进。

基于改进AHP-灰云模型的模块栈桥加工制造安全风险评价

为了对新型模块式钢栈桥加工安全风险进行客观评价,保障生产顺利进行,采用改进AHP-灰云模型对某模块栈桥加工制造过程进行安全风险评价。从人、机械、物料、环境和管理5个方面开展系统研究,建立了包括9项二级指标和28项三级指标的安全风险评价指标体系。采用改进的层次分析法确定指标权重值,将现场安全风险评估值输入灰云模型,进行风险等级的确定。研究结果表明该方法适用于模块栈桥加工制造安全风险评价,经分析吊车与地面作业交叉情况、机械设备的检查维修、噪声的影响三项指标风险值较高,并提出相应的风险防范措施。

网络安全风险评估方法研究综述

网络安全风险评估是构建网络空间安全体系的重要环节,可以有效保护个人和组织机构避免受到网络安全攻击。文中简要概述了网络安全风险评估理论,重点介绍了目前主流的网络安全风险评估方法,并根据不同的方法性质对现有方法进行分类和对比,分析了各方法的优缺点以及适用范围。在此基础上,文中归纳提取出对网络安全评估结果产生影响的因素并对网络安全评估领域未来的研究重点进行提议。分析结果表明,关联性和评估指标的不确定性以及评估过程的实时性这3个因素是影响风险评估效果的主要因素,并给未来的风险评估方法研究提供了参考依据。