Relationships of Panicle Type Index with Subspecies Characteristics and Yield Traits in Filial Generation of Crosses between Indica and Japonica Rice

Two recombinant inbred line （RIL） populations, one derived from a cross between Zhongyouzao 8 （indica） and Toyonishiki （japonica） and the other from a cross between Qishanzhan （indica） and Akihikari （japonica）, were grown in Liaoning and Sichuan Provinces, China, to study the panicle type index （PTI, the ratio of a number of node position on panicle axis where the secondary branch with the most numerous secondary branch grains is located to the number of primary branches） and its relationships with subspecies characteristics and yield traits. With continuous distribution of PTI and numerous of lines with different PTIs in the progenies, indica-japonica hybridization could be a method for breeding cultivars with ideal panicle type. PTI was significantly influenced by environments, with a significant decrease from Liaoning to Sichuan A significantly negative correlation was found between PTI and most of subspecies characteristics. PTI varied remarkably with different subspecies types. As a whole, it showed a trend of indica （H）〉indicalinous （H＇）〉japonicalinous （K＇）〉japonica （K） However, it is not appropriate to regard PTI as a parameter for subspecies classification in rice because it was recombined in the filial generations of cross between indica and japonica rice. The negative correlations were found between PTI and most of panicle characteristics, as well as yield-related traits. Based on PTI, most of lines from the two populations were middle dominant panicle type （the number of grains on the secondary branch is numerous in middle position of the panicle） and lower dominant panicle type （the number of grains on the secondary branch is numerous in lower position of the panicle and becomes less towards the top of panicle） with significant yield advantages.

Evaluation method of cracking resistance of lightweight aggregate concrete

The cracking behavior of lightweight aggregate concrete(LWAC) was investigated by mechanical analysis, SEM and cracking-resistant test where a shrinkage-restrained ring with a clapboard was used. The relationship between the ceramsite type and the cracking resistance of LWAC was built up and compared with that of normal-weight coarse aggregate concrete(NWAC). A new method was proposed to evaluate the cracking resistance of concrete, where the concepts of cracking coefficient ζt(t) and the evaluation index Acr(t) were proposed, and the development of micro-cracks and damage accumulation were recognized. For the concrete with an ascending cracking coefficient curve, the larger Acr(t) is, the lower cracking resistance of concrete is. For the concrete with a descending cracking coefficient curve, the larger Acr(t) is, the stronger the cracking resistance of concrete is. The evaluation results show that in the case of that all the three types of coarse aggregates in concrete are pre-soaked for 24 h, NWAC has the lowest cracking resistance, followed by the LWAC with lower water absorption capacity ceramsite and the LWAC with higher water absorption capacity ceramsite has the strongest cracking resistance. The proposed method has obvious advantages over the cracking age method, because it can evaluate the cracking behavior of concrete even if the concrete has not an observable crack.

Relationship Between Plant Type and Grain Quality of Japonica Hybrid Rice in Northern China

Plant type and grain quality are two major aspects in rice breeding. Using canonical correlation analysis and canonical redundancy analysis, the relationship between plant type traits and rice grain quality traits was studied with 100 crosses derived from 10 sterile lines × 10 restorer lines. There was a complex relationship between parts of the traits of the two aspects. The angle of the 2nd leaf from the top and single panicle weight played important roles in plant type system and amylose content and grain length in grain quality system. The angle of the 2nd leaf from the top, plant height and single panicle weight had a great effect on grain quality traits, and amylose content, brown rice rate and translucency were easily influenced by plant type traits. Selection index model indicated that japonica hybrid rice in Northern China with good quality was characterized by broad flag leaf and 2nd leaf from the top, narrow and short 3rd leaf from the top, low plant height, short culm, long and more panicles and low single panicle weight.

Research on strong earthquake type division and forecast method for subsequent strong earthquakes

The relationships between energy, amplitude and frequency of eanhquake are correlative with the property of the seismic source. And the grade of the correlativity can be used as an index to distinguish the types of strong earth quakes. Primarily the strong earthquake can be divided into three types of main-after earthquakes, double-main earthquakes and swarm of strong earthquake. There are similarity and a certain repeatability at the quantificational indexes of hypocenter property between the same type of strong earthquakes, which supply basis for the forecast of subsequent strong shocks. The reference indexes of after strong shock forecast which are valuable for the applica tions of the method of type-divided forecast come from the analysis about more than fifty strong shock wide-band (BPZ wave) recording data of CDSN from 1988 to 1997.

INSTRUCTION FOR SOLICITING CONTRIBUTIONS

ＩＮＳＴＲＵＣＴＩＯＮＦＯＲＳＯＬＩＣＩＴＩＮＧＣＯＮＴＲＩＢＵＴＩＯＮＳ￥１．ＡｐｐｌｉｅｄＭａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃｓＡＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｉｅｓ，ａｂｂｒｅｖｉａｔｅｄｔｏＡｐｐｌ．Ｍａｔｈ．－－ＪＣＵ，ｉｓａｎａｔｉｏ...

INSTRUCTION FOR SOLICITING CONTRIBUTIONS

. Applied Mathematics A Journal of Chinese Universities, abbreviated to Appl. Math.-- JCU, is a nationwide journal sponsored by Zhejiang University' The Journal aims at issuing academic works in Applied Mathematics: original theoretical and (or) methodological research results, and innovative applications in practical fields. From 1994 on, one volume will be publishedper annum,consisting of four issues in chinese, appeared quarterly as Ser. A,and four issues inEnglish, appeared quarterly as Ser. B. Contents in the two series will'not overlap. The Journal isdistributed domestically and abroad.2. Instructions to author(s)Appl. Math. -- JCU Ser. B publishes full length papers. In view of the high cost of printing, authors should keep their papers as short as are consistent with clarity' Unnecessary introductory material should be avoided. Graphical presentation of information should be confined toas few separate diagrams as are practicable. The rules of grammar should be observed.The submission of an article will be taken to indicate that it has not been and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere.Script Requirements for All ArticlesManuscript: The manuscript must be typed in English double--spaced on one side of A4 goodquality white paper. The maximum length of an article is 15 pages, including diagrams and tables. Two copies of an article are reguired for submission (not to be returned).Abstract A short Abstract not exceeding 200 words should appear at the beginning of the paper after the title, name (s) of author (s), affiliation(s) and address (es). It should contain no reference and mathematical symbols should be kept to a minumum.

Brake Subharmonic Solutions of Subquadratic Hamiltonian Systems

The author mainly uses the Galerkin approximation method and the iteration inequalities of the L-Maslov type index theory to study the properties of brake subharmonic solutions for the Hamiltonian systems z（t） = JVH（t, z（t））, where H（t, z） = 1/2（B（t）z, z） ＋ H（t, z）, B（t） is a semipositive symmetric continuous matrix and H is unbounded and not uniformly coercive. It is proved that when the positive integers j and k satisfy the certain conditions, there exists a jT-periodic nonconstant brake solution zj such that zj and zkj are distinct.

The Study of Minimal Period Estimates for Brake Orbits of Autonomous Subquadratic Hamiltonian Systems

In this paper, we consider the minimal period estimates for brake orbits of autonomous subquadratic Hamiltonian systems. We prove that if the Hamiltonian function H ∈ C2（R2n,R） is unbounded and not uniformly coercive, there exists at least one nonconstant T-periodic brake orbit （z, T） with minimal period T or T/2 for every number T 〉 0.

Atmospheric environmental capacity and urban atmospheric load in China's Mainland

Daily and annual average atmospheric environmental capacity coefficient(A-value) sequences for China's Mainland are calculated from hourly data recorded at 378 ground stations over 1975–2014. A-values at different recurrence intervals are calculated by fitting the sequences to Pearson type III distribution curves. Based on these A-values and source-sink balance(reference concentration 100 μg m^(-3)), atmospheric environmental capacities at the recurrence intervals are calculated for all of China's Mainland and each provincial administrative region. The climate average atmospheric environmental capacity reference value for the entire mainland is 2.169×10~7 t yr^(-1). An urban atmospheric load index is defined for analyses of the impact of population density on the urban atmospheric environment. Analyses suggest that this index is also useful for differentiating whether air quality changes are attributable to varying meteorological conditions or variations of artificial emission rate.Equations guiding the control of unorganized emission sources are derived for preventing air quality deterioration during urban expansion and population concentration.