Evaluation on Inducible Effect of pOp6 Promoter in Transgenic Rice

In order to analyze the Oslbglu4 phenotype, the inducible promoter of the transgenic rice which knock-down the Oslbglu4 expression was assessed. The result showed that 30 μM dexamethasone（DEX） had the stronger induction effect than 10 μM DEX by β-Glucuronidase （GUS） staining, qRT-PCR further verified the Oslbglu4 gene deletion. The effect of DEX and its solvent absolute ethanol on seed development was measured, and no significant effect was observed. The conclusion is that final concentration of DEX at 30 μM is suitable for pOp6 promoter induction.

A Thermal Analogue of the Zel’Dovich Effect

We analyze in this work anisotropic heat conduction induced by a harmonically oscillating laser source incident on rotating conductors, exploiting an analogy with an effect discovered long ago, called the Zel’dovich effect. We re-covered the main results of a recently published paper that predicts the translational Doppler frequency shift of a thermal wave induced on a sample moving with uniform rectilinear motion. We extend then this framework to take into account the frequency shift of a thermal field propagating on a rotating platform. We show that it coincides with the rotational frequency shift which has been recently observed on surface acoustic waves and hydrodynamic surface waves, called rotational superradiance. Finally, we use an analogy with the Tolman effect to deduce a simple estimate of the average temperature gradient induced by rotation, showing the existence of a new cooling effect associated with heat torque transfer.

Induced Effects of Exogenous Phenolic Acids on Allelopathy of a Wild Rice Accession(Oryza longistaminata,S37)

Four exogenous phenolic acids, including salicylic acid, fumalic acid, p-coumaric acid and p-hydroxybenzonic acid, were used to investigate the regulatory effects on allelopathy of a wild rice accession of S37 （Oryza Iongistaminata）, which is a known allelopathic rice. The four exogenous phenolic acids induced the enhancement of the allelopathic potential of wild rice S37 in target weeds though the weed-suppressive activities were low, and the inducible effects were dependent on the specific phenolic acid, concentration and treatment time. After foliar application of exogenous phenolic acids, the inhibition rates for plant height, root length and fresh weight of barnyard grass （Echinochioa crus-galli） were significantly higher than those of the control. Especially at the concentration of 100 mg/L, the inhibition rates for plant height and fresh weight of barnyard grass by fumalic acid were 38.12% and 26.31% higher than those of the control, showing that fumalic acid was more effective compared with other phenolic acids in inhibiting monocotyledon weed growth. Furthermore, the weedsuppressive activity of aqueous extract from the leaves of wild rice S37 treated with exogenous phenolic acids was increased, and it peaked at 48 h after the treatment with the aqueous extract, and then gradually declined.

Therapeutic and inducing effect of corneal crosslinking on infectious keratitis

The corneal crosslinking （CXL） with riboflavin and ultraviolet-A （UVA） is a new therapy method to successfully treat infectious keratitis in clinical practice. However, there are rare reports on the complications of CXL such as the secondary keratitis. The diverse clinical outcomes on keratitis have highlighted the necessity to further evaluate the efficacy and complications of CXL. We reviewed the positive and negative reports on UVA/riboflavin related with keratitis and provided our opinion on the therapeutic and side effect of UVA/riboflavin crosslinking on keratitis.

Inversion of time-domain airborne EM data with IP effect based on Pearson correlation constraints

Due to the induced polarization(IP)eff ect,the sign reversal often occurs in timedomain airborne electromagnetic(AEM)data.The inversions that do not consider IP eff ect cannot recover the true umderground electrical structures.In view of the fact that there are many parameters of airborne induced polarization data in time domain,and the sensitivity diff erence between parameters is large,which brings challenges to the stability and accuracy of the inversion.In this paper,we propose an inversion mehtod for time-domain AEM data with IP effect based on the Pearson correlation constraints.This method uses the Pearson correlation coeffi cient in statistics to characterize the correlation between the resistivity and the chargeability and constructs the Pearson correlation constraints for inverting the objective function to reduce the non uniqueness of inversion.To verify the eff ectiveness of this method,we perform both Occam’s inversion and Pearson correlation constrained inversion on the synthetic data.The experiments show that the Pearson correlation constrained inverison is more accurate and stable than the Occam’s inversion.Finally,we carried out the inversion to a survey dataset with and without IP eff ect.The results show that the data misfit and the continuity of the inverted section are greatly improved when the IP eff ect is considered.

A Review on Chemical Effects in Aqueous Solution induced by Plasma with Glow Discharge

Chemical effects in different aqueous solutions induced by plasma with glow discharge electrolysis (GDE) and contact glow discharge electrolysis (CGDE) are described in this paper. The experimental and discharge characteristics are also reviewed. These are followed by a discussion of their mechanisms of both anodic and cathodic CGDE..

Protective Effects of Shikonin on Brain Injury Induced by Carbon Ion Beam Irradiation in Mice

Radiation encephalopathy is the main complication of cranial radiotherapy. It can cause necrosis of brain tissue and cognitive dysfunction. Our previous work had proved that a natural antioxidant shikonin possessed protective effect on cerebral ischemic injury. Here we investigated the effects of shikonin on carbon ion beam induced radiation brain injury in mice. Pretreatment with shikonin significantly increased the SOD and CAT activities and the ratio of GSH/GSSG in mouse brain tissues compared with irradiated group （P〈0.01）, while obviously reduced the MDA and PCO contents and the RO$ levels derived from of the brain mitochondria.

Effect of Cycloheximide on the Adaptive Response Induced by Low Dose Radiation

Human lymphocytes pre-exposed to 10 mGy or 50 mGy of X-rays become less sensitive to subsequent large dose irradiation, exhibited lower rate of chromosome aberration than expected. This adaptive response could be inhibited by cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor for successive 2 h period ranging from 0.5h before to 4h after the low dose exposure, indicating that the adaptive response was directly related with the protein synthesis.

The Effect of Chinese Tea on Occurrence of Esophageal Tumor Induced by N-Nitrosomethylbenzylamine in Rats

Five groups of rats (40 rats per group) were given five different varieties of Chinese tea (1 g/50 ml) and another two groups of rats (a positive control and a negative control) were given tap water as drinking water. Except for the negative control group, all the animals were intubated with A'-nitrosomethyibenzylamine (NMBzA, 5 mg/kg body wt/week). Half of the animals in each group were sacrificed after 6 weeks and the remaining animals at the end of 12 weeks. The incidences of esophageal mucosa lesions (16-59%) at the end of6 weeks were significantly lower in the tea-treated rats than in the positive control group (100%). The incidences of esophageal tumor at the end of 12 weeks (42-67%) were also significantly lower in the tea-treated groups than in the positive control group (90%). The same phenomenon was found with respect to the size and number of tumors in each tumor-bearing animal. The relative anticarcinogenic effects of the five varieties of Chinese tea were different. The Fujian oolong tea and jasmine tea exhibited the strongest effects. The results suggest that Chinese tea can effectively inhibit the carcinogenesis Caused by an N-nitroso compound. 1990 Academic Press.Inc.

Model and analysis of drain induced barrier lowering effect for 4H-SiC metal semiconductor field effect transistor

Based on an analytical solution of the two-dimensional Poisson equation in the subthreshold region, this paper investigates the behavior of DIBL （drain induced barrier lowering） effect for short channel 4H-SiC metal semiconductor field effect transistors （MESFETs）. An accurate analytical model of threshold voltage shift for the asymmetric short channel 4H-SiC MESFET is presented and thus verified. According to the presented model, it analyses the threshold voltage for short channel device on the L/a （channel length/channel depth） ratio, drain applied voltage VDS and channel doping concentration ND, thus providing a good basis for the design and modelling of short channel 4H-SiC MESFETs device.

Inhibitory Effect of Green Tea Extract on the Carcinogenesis Induced by Asbestos Plus Benzo(a)pyrene in Rat

In this experiment lung carcinoma was induced by crocidolite plus benzo(a)pyrene in rat. From the cancer models, we observcd that the incidcnce (16.0%) of lung carcinomas was lowel, and the survival time (376 days) of the first case of carcinoma and the mean survival time (758 days) of the rats with carcinoma were higher in the group of rats drinking 2% green tea extract for life than in the positive group (without drinking green tea extract). The mortality ratio (0.5047) was smaller in the cxperimental group than in the positive control group, and the survival curve of the experimental group significantly raised up, in comparison with the positive group.

A Record of Anthropogenic Effects on Sedimentation in the Manatee River, Florida

Increased sedimentation rates have been attributed to increased anthropogenic activity in watersheds throughout Florida and many parts of the world. The Manatee River, located on the west coast of Florida （USA）, like many other coastal watersheds, has experienced depletion in natural resources, increased nutrient loading, and increased pollution. LARs （linear accumulation rates） from watersheds throughout Florida suggest that anthropogenic activity increased bulk sedimentation by as much as 4-fold. The objective of this study was to construct a record of sedimentation and improve upon previous studies by determining individual sedimentary constituent MARs （mass accumulation rates） based on short lived radioisotopes （2~~pb and 234Th） to characterize changes in sedimentation attributed to increased anthropogenic development. This study constructed records of sedimentary accumulation rates to compare pre-development records to the past 100 years of anthropogenic development and identified specific changes in sedimentation attributed to anthropogenic activity. Anthropogenic development increased deposition of terrigenous material into the river from 2-fold to I 0-fold （0.3-2.0 g/cm2/yr） over three periods： （1） predevelopment period （1900-1941）; （2） agricultural development period （1941-1970）; （3） urban development period （1970-2010）. The mobilization of this amount of terrigenous material has implications for effects on water quality and biological communities within the river.

Total ionizing dose effect in an input/output device for flash memory

Input/output devices for flash memory are exposed to gamma ray irradiation. Total ionizing dose has been shown great influence on characteristic degradation of transistors with different sizes. In this paper, we observed a larger increase of off-state leakage in the short channel device than in long one. However, a larger threshold voltage shift is observed for the narrow width device than for the wide one, which is well known as the radiation induced narrow channel effect. The radiation induced charge in the shallow trench isolation oxide influences the electric field of the narrow channel device. Also, the drain bias dependence of the off-state leakage after irradiation is observed, which is called the radiation enhanced drain induced barrier lowing effect. Finally, we found that substrate bias voltage can suppress the off-state leakage, while leading to more obvious hump effect.

Effects of Distribution of Induced Defects on Positron Diffusion

The effects of distribution of induced defects on the positron diffusion was studied by using the point-source diffusion model and 6 function method.

Enhanced radiation-induced narrow channel effects in 0.13-μm PDSOI nMOSFETs with shallow trench isolation

Total ionizing dose responses of different transistor geometries after being irradiated by ^（60）Co γ-rays, in 0.13-μm partially-depleted silicon-on-insulator（PD SOI） technology are investigated. The negative threshold voltage shift in an n-type metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor（nMOSFET） is inversely proportional to the channel width due to radiation-induced charges trapped in trench oxide, which is called the radiation-induced narrow channel effect（RINCE）.The analysis based on a charge sharing model and three-dimensional technology computer aided design（TCAD） simulations demonstrate that phenomenon. The radiation-induced leakage currents under different drain biases are also discussed in detail.

Effects of Microaddition of Ce on the Induced Magnetic Anisotropy of Amorphous Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13)

Controlling the magnetic anisotropy ofmagnetic material is extremely important forany technological applications.FeSiBamorphous alloy has been chosen for investi-gation.Although the alloy might be a goodsoft magnetic material,it might not be ideal ifthe quenching processing is carried out directly

EFFECT OF HIGH-LIPID DIET ON GLOMERULAR MESANGIAL MATRIX IN ADRIAMYCIN-INDUCED NEPHROTIC RATS

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of hypercholsterolemia induced by a high-lipid diet on glomerulosclerosis. METHODS: Twenty nephrotic syndrome (NS) Wistar rats administrated adriamycin (ADR) with a single intravenous dose of 5 mg/kg body weight, were divided into the standard and high-lipid chow groups. Another 20 weight-matched non-NS rats that received a vehicle alone were grouped as control. Urinary protein excretion and serum cholesterol were assayed; image analysis and techniques of pathology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular biology were used to determine morphological changes in glomeruli and the production of glomerular mesangial matrices in different groups. RESULTS: The serum total cholesterol level was significantly higher in rats with high-lipid chow in both non-NS [(2.2 +/- 0.3) g/L vs. (0.9 +/- 0.1) g/L, P

Effect of Ocean Thermal Diffusivity on Global Warming Induced by Increasing Atmospheric CO_2

A global mean ocean model including atmospheric heating, heat capacity of the mixed layer ocean, and vertical thermal diffusivity in the lower ocean, proposed by Cess and Goldenberg (1981), is used in this paper to study the sensitivity of global warming to the vertical diffusivity. The results suggest that the behaviour of upper ocean temperature is mainly determined by the magnitude of upper layer diffusivity and an ocean with a larger diffusivity leads to a less increase of sea surface temperature and a longer time delay for the global warming induced by increasing CO2 than that with smaller one. The global warming relative to four scenarios of CO2 emission assumed by Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) is also estimated by using the model with two kinds of thermal diffusivities. The result shows that for various combinations of the CO2 emission scenarios and the diffusivities, the oceanic time delay to the global warming varies from 15 years to 70 years.

Effect of Phase Modulation on Electromagnetically Induced Grating in a Five-Level M-Type Atomic System

We theoretically investigate the phenomena of electromagnetically induced grating in an M-type five-level atomic system. It is found that a weak field can be effectively diffracted into high-order directions using a standing wave coupling field, and different depths of the phase modulation can disperse the diffraction light into different orders. When the phase modulation depth is approximated to the orders of π, 2π and 3π, the first-, second- and third-order diffraction intensity reach the maximum, respectively. Thus we can take advantage of the phase modulation to control the probe light dispersing into the required high orders.

Protective Effect of Vitamin E on Liver Damage Induced by 2-Chloro-1, 3-butadiene

The present study was performed to determine the influence of lipid peroxidation and perturbance of Ca2+ homeostasis on liver damage induced by 2-chloro-1, 3-butadiene (CBD) and the protective effects of vitamin E in Wistar rats. Animals were given intraperitoneally different doses (8,40 or 200 mg·kg-1 daily) of CBD for 21 days, and the following dose-dependent events were observed: liver damage, significant increase in liver lipid peroxides, and decreases in activities of erythrocytic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The pretreatment of rats with vitamin E (po 150 mg·kg-1) before administering CBD (iP 60 mg·kg-1 ) daily for 21 days prevented the following CBD-induced changes, the increase in serum cholylglycine (CG), hepatic LP, hepatic mitochondrion LP, hepatic oxidized glutathione (GSSG) (while the significant increase of reduced glutathione (GSH) was not affected) and the decrease in activities of erythrocytic SOD and hepatic mitochondrial calcium sequestration. These results suggest that lipid peroxidation and perturbance of Ca2+ homeostasis appear to contribute to the hepatotoxicity of CBD, and vitamin E might prevent the liver damage induced by CBD. The decrease in activities of GSH-Px and SOD in erythrocytes might be used as biomarkers for adverse effects of CBD on defense system against lipid peroxidation.