A Perspective of Laser Sampling for Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectro metry for Rock and Mineral Analysis

The development of laser sampling for optical emission spectrometry is reviewed . Advantages and limitations of pulsed laser sampling are compared with those of continuous laser sampling . A novel method of laser sampling of liquid samples for inductively coupled plasma -atomic emission spectrometry has been proposed , and its analytical performance investigated.Experimental results showed that,as a method of sample introduction , laser vaporization of liquid samples enjoyed certain advantages , e.g.,much higher sensitivity, much lower detection limit and reduced sample volume , over solution nebulization . A perspective of the application of laser sampling-inductively coupled plasma - actomic emission spectrometry for rock and mineral analysis is estimated as well.

Determination of potassium content as principal components in pyrotechnic compositions used for fireworks and firecrackers based on inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometric approach （ICP-OES）

Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometric approach（1CP-OES） is used to determine the potassium content as principal component in pyrotechnic compositions used for fireworks and firecrackers. Element of potassium is conunonly found in potassium nitrate and potassium perchlorate in pyrotechnic compositions in fireworks and firecrackers. Statistical analysis shows that potassium nitrate content in pyrotechnics is between 10% to 60% and the potassium perchlorate content is between 20% to 70%,which counted in the content of potassium element is between 4% to 23%. Concept of this method： considering the weight of the sample is 400rag,constant volume is 1L and the concentration of potassium is between 10 mg/L to 90 mg/L in sample solution, the determination scope of the method for the potassium content would be between 1% to 23%.Further experiments proved that the fitting correlation coefficient of potassium calibration curve is 0.9997 or higher, recovery is 89.15%-100.23%.The allowable differential value is 0.4% between two single tests under repeatable conditions. This method can completely satisfy the requirements of the fireworks and firecrackers industry with high accuracy and good precision.

Determination of magnesium and aluminum content as principal components in pyrotechnic compositions used for fireworks and firecrackers based on inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometric approach （ICP-OES）

Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometric approach（ICP-OES）is used to determine the magnesium and aluminum content as principal components in pyrotechnic compositions used for fireworks and firecrackers. Elements of magnesium and aluminum are commonly found in aluminum powder or magnesium-aluminum alloy powder in pyrotechnic compositions in fireworks and firecrackers. Statistical analysis shows that the magnesium content in pyrotechnics is between 8% to 30% and the aluminum content is between 8% to 35%（roughly）.Concept of this method： suppose the weight of the sample is 400rag,constant volume is IL and the concentlation of magnesium and aluminum is between 12mg/L to 160mg/L in sample solution, the determination scope of the method for magnesium and aluminum content would be between 3% to 40%.Further experiments proved that the fitting correlation coefficient of the magnesium calibration curve is 0.9999 or higher, recovery is 101.01% -101.96%.The fitting correlation coefficient of the aluminum calibration curve is 0.9999 or higher, recovery is 99.36%-103.07%. The allowable differential value is 0.4% between two single tests under repeatable conditions. This method can completely satisfy the requirements of the fireworks and firecrackers industry with high accuracy and good precision.

Simultaneous determination of some trace metal impurities in high-purity sodium tungstate using coprecipitation and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry

A method based on the combination of coprecipitation with inductively coupledplasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) was developed for the determination of impurities inhigh-purity sodium tungstate. Six elements (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Pb) were coprecipitated bylanthanum hydroxide so as to be concentrated and separated from the tungsten matrix. Effects of somefactors on the recoveries of the analytes and on the residual amount of sodium tungstate wereinvestigated, and the optimum conditions for the coprecipitation were proposed. Matrix-matchingcalibration curve method was used for the analysis. It is shown that the elements mentioned abovecan be quantitatively recovered. The detection limits for Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Pb are 0.07, 0.4,0.2, 0.1, 0.6, and 1.3 μg·g^(-1), respectively. The recoveries vary from 92.5% to 108%, and therelative standard deviations (RSDs) are in the range of 3.1%-5.5%.

ICP-AES法测定煤中硫含量的不确定性评定

[目的]为准确表示煤炭中硫含量奠定基础。[方法]应用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-AES),对煤中的硫含量进行测定,同时对测量结果的不确定度进行评价。[结果]获得各个不同来源的不确定度,并且计算合成标准不确定度,对测定结果给出合理的波动范围。[结论]评价结果对测定方法有效性的判定与优化以及煤燃烧过程中的污染控制具有重要意义。

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定出口食品级磷酸中铜、镍、铅、锰、镉、钛

【目的】建立快速、准确并可同时测定食品级磷酸中铜、镍、铅、锰、镉、钛含量的方法。【方法】食品级磷酸样品直接稀释20倍后，用ICP—AES仪测定溶液中待测元素特征谱线的强度，采用标准品加入法定量。【结果】本方法测定食品级磷酸中铜、镍、铅、镉、钛的测定低限为1mg／kg，锰的测定低限为0．1mg／kg。室间相对标准偏差RSD〈13％，各项回收率85%-112％。【结论】能够满足出入境检验检疫实验室以及企业产品质量把关对食品磷酸中多种金属含量的一次性测定的需要。

Direct and Simultaneous Determination of Several Impurity Elements in Manganese Tetroxide using ICP-AES

A rapid method for the determination of impurity elements, such as Zn, Ni, Co, Cr, Cu, Cd and Pb in manganese tetroxide was developed, using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES）. The critical instrumental parameters such as sample flow rate and radio frequency incident were thoroughly optimized. The effect of matrix was also examined. The sensitivity was investigated using calibration curves obtained in presence of the matrix. The obtained recoveries for Ni, Co, Cr, Cu, and Cd at the μg· g^ -1 level were satisfactory and practically independent of the matrix used for the calibration standards. The recoveries of Pb and Zn were less suffwient. The method can be applied for routine analysis and quality control purposes at μg· g^-1 level of concentration.

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定磷生铁中的Mn、P、Si

建立了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP-AES）法测定磷生铁中3种元素Mn、P、Si的定量分析方法.通过试验选择257.610nm、185.942nm、212.412nm分别作为Mn、P、Si的分析谱线,无需进行光谱干扰校正.实验结果表明,各元素分析谱线线性相关系数大于0.9990.方法用于高磷铸铁标准物质分析,测定值与认定值相符,测定结果的相对标准偏差在0.21％ （Mn） ～1.8％ （P）范围.

ICP-AES法测定土壤样品中的硼

建立了用ICP-AES测定土壤中硼的分析方法,并对各种最佳分析条件进行探讨。在最佳条件下,用该方法对国家一级标准物质中的痕量硼进行了测定,结果与标准值相符。本法的检出限为0.09mg/kg,精密度为2.30%～4.55%(RSD,n=10),加标回收率为95.0%～103.3%。本方法快速简便,能满足科研及生产中硼的测量要求,尤其适合大批量土壤样品的检测。

聚氨酯泡沫分离-ICP-AES测定混合铅锌精矿中铊含量

【目的】利用聚氨酯泡沫分离富集,建立电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometric,ICP-AES)测定混合铅锌精矿中铊含量的方法。【方法】样品经混合酸(HClHNO_3-HClO_4-H_2SO_4)缓慢溶解后,用聚氨酯泡沫分离富集,并在HNO_3溶液中解脱,用ICP-AES法测定其中的Tl含量。【结果】通过分离富集法将基体分离,消除了基体效应和共存元素间的谱线干扰,降低了方法的检出限。实验表明,建立的方法线性良好,相关系数为0.999 1,方法的检出限为0.12mg/L,方法加标回收率为96.0%~106.0%,相对标准偏差小于5%。【结论】测定的结果准确可靠,能满足混合铅锌精矿中铊含量的测定需求。

微波密闭消解 - 等离子体原子发射光谱测定石油化工催化剂中负载元素含量

微波密闭消解预处理等离子体原子发射光谱（ＩＣＰＡＥＳ）测定石油化工用催化剂中金属及类金属元素Ｎｉ、Ｂ、Ｐ、Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｃｏ、Ｍｎ、Ｍｏ、Ｚｎ、Ｗ及Ａｇ的含量，溶样速度快，易挥发性元素不损失。各元素的回收率在９０％～１１０％，相对标准偏差（ｎ＝７）≤１０％，实际样品测定的各元素数据与成熟的压力溶弹法相符，能较好地满足工艺要求。

ICPES法测定地质样品中钒的不确定度分析

作者通过电感藕合等离子体全谱直读发射光谱仪测定地质样品中钒的不确定度评定的实践,分析了该方法测定过程中的不确定度来源,建立了相关数学模型,并计算各标准不确定度、合成标准不确定度、扩展不确定度及测定结果的置信区间。

铝酸钇激光晶体中双掺稀土元素铒、镱的电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱分析

用磷酸溶解样品在不分离基体的情况下,用ICP-AES内标法直接测定铝酸钇激光晶体中双掺铒、镱,取得满意的结果。回收率98-105%,相对标准偏差3%。文中还研究了溶液中的磷酸浓度,基体浓度对被测元素的影响,以及双掺被测元素相互间的影响。

食品中铝含量测定的研究进展

文章系统地介绍了食品中铝测定的前处理方法和测定方法,并对各种方法的优缺点进行了比较。文章共引用文献21篇。

Heavy metals accumulation effect in rabbit body fluids after smoking

Concentration of heavy metals in blood and urine of rabbit after inhaling three different kinds of cigarette was studied through the animal passive smoking pattern. The samples were prepared by nitric acid solution digestion and determination of seven kinds of heavy metals including Hg, Se, Sn, Pb, Cd, Ni and Cr was performed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry （ICP-AES）. The ICP-AES method was established with good precision and accuracy, relative standard deviation （n=6） was between 2.9% and 5.9%, and the recovery was in the range of 95.0%-104.2%. Concentration of six heavy metals increases in some extent in blood and urine after period of smoking and the increasing of heavy metals in blood and urine all shows time dependence. Significantly higher heavy metal levels are observed in the blood and urine of the cigarette inhaling rabbits in the exposed group. The concentration of six kinds of heavy metals in the blood of the rabbit increases after 16 weeks exposing to cigarette smoking. Three times of rig, ten times of Se and trace amount ofPb, Cd, Ni and Cr are detected in the blood after 16 weeks of smoking. For urine samples, about three times of Hg, two times of Se, five times of Pb and trace amount of Cd are detected after 16 weeks of inhalation of cigarette. Comparatively, higher concentration of heavy metals are detected after inhaling of Nise cigarette.

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法同时测定高纯钼中多种痕量元素

建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法测定钼中Co、Cu、Fe、Mg、Mn、W、Zr元素含量的方法。确定了溶样方法和分析谱线,采用基体匹配消除干扰。对方法精密度和准确度进行实验,实验结果表明,各元素的相对标准偏差均小于3%,加标回收率在81.0%~110%。所建方法快速、准确,适用于钼中多元素同时测定。

ICP-AES测定复合食品包装材料中硼含量条件的探讨

研究电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）测定复合食品包装材料中硼含量的最佳仪器条件。对样品的预处理条件和仪器参数分别进行调试,得出最佳条件和仪器参数。结果表明,在所选择的预处理条件和仪器参数条件下,方法的线性良好,在线性范围0~0.500 mg/L内,相关系数达0.999 8,测试样品的准确度和精密度也符合要求。该方法适合批量复合食品包装材料中硼含量的测定。

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定钼化学产品中的硫含量

提出了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定钼化学产品中硫含量,优化了仪器硫元素的分析谱线,对最佳测定条件进行了试验探讨,验证了测定方法的准确性和稳定性。方法的检出限(3 s)为0.012 mg/L,方法的回收率在98.0%~104%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=11)均小于4%。方法用于钼酸铵及高纯三氧化钼样品分析,所得结果与化学法测定结果相符合。方法简单实用,准确度高,能满足钼化学产品质量检验的需要。

Chemical Characterization of Auriferous Ores from the Brazilian State of Paraiba

One of the most important problems facing the gold industry is that the placer and free milling gold ores are almost terminating. Hence, the use of refractory ores has been increased during the recent years. In general, gold refractory ores occurs in various types of deposits associated with a range of minerals. Among the refractory ores, the sulfide type is the most common. The methodology employed in the mining process depends on the mode of occurrence of the ore and on the particle size, shape and degree of purity of the auriferous species. We have undertaken a mineralogical investigation of a representative sample of a complex gold mining ore collected in the municipality of Princesa Isabel, Paraiba, Brazil, using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, X-ray diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry and the Fire Assay. The results showed that the arsenic content of the ore was closely related to the gold content, and that the occurrence of “invisible gold” was associated primarily with pyrite and secondarily with arsenopyrite. The sulfur content of the ore was directly related to its refractoriness. It is concluded that gold mineralization in the study area is mainly of the gold-quartz-sulfide veins (lode gold), while the gold found in the mini-fractures of the deposits is probably associated with the hydrothermal processes that occurred in the region.

Compound Ceramic Coatings Grown by Micro-plasma Oxidation on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

Compound ceramics coatings on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy were prepared by the direct current micro-plasma oxidation （MPO） in NaAlO2 solution. The composition and morphology of the coatings were studied with the X-ray diffraction （XRD） and the scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, respectively. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer technique was used to analyze the solution features of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in the process of preparation. The results reveal that Al2TiO5 forms in the coatings at the initial stages of MPO reaction, and its content changes rapidly with the reaction continuing： after 20 min, the ceramics coatings are composed of α-Al2O3, 7-Al2O3 and Al2TiO5, but after 40 min, its main composition is of α-Al2O3. The content of Ti in the solution will increase when the MPO time extends, and as will Al in the anode area until, after 30 min, it reaches the maximum and keeps constant from then on. Both substrata of Ti and Al in the electrolyte join the MPO reaction at the initial stage, where the formation of Al2TiO5 happens; but as the MPO reaction prolongs, more and more Al in the electrolyte will take part in the reaction, leading to the appearance of a large amount ofAl2O3.