INTRODUCTION TO INCONEL ALLOY 740: AN ALLOY DESIGNED FOR SUPERHEATER TUBING IN COAL-FIRED ULTRA SUPERCRITICAL BOILERS

Chinese utilities as well as those worldwide are facing increased demand for additional electricity, reduced plant emissions and greater efficiency. To meet this challenge will require increasing boiler temperature, pressure and coal ash corrosion resistance of the materials of boiler construction of future coal-fired boilers. A new nickel-based tube alloy, INCONEL^R alloy 740, is described aiming at meeting this challenge. Emphasis will be on describing the alloy＇ s mechanical properties, coal-ash and steam corrosion resistance. Microstructural stability as a function of temperature and time is addressed as well as some of the early methodology em- ployed to arrive at the current chemical composition.

Optimization of Load Assignment to Boilers in Industrial Boiler Plants

Along with the increasing importance of sustainable energy, the optimization of load assignment to boilers in an industrial boiler plant becomes one of the major projects for the optimal operation of boiler plants. Optimal load assignment for power systems has been a long-lasting subject, while it is quite new for industrial boiler plants. The existing methods of optimal load assignment for boiler plants are explained and analyzed briefly in the paper. They all need the fuel cost curves of boilers. Thanks to some special features of the curves for industrial boilers, a new model referred to as minimized departure model (MDM) of optimization of load assignment for boiler plants is developed and proposed in the paper. It merely relies upon the accessible data of two typical working conditions to build the model, viz. the working conditions with the highest efficiency of a boiler and with no-load. Explanation of the algorithm of computer program is given, and effort is made so as to determine in advance how many and which boilers are going to work. Comparison between the results using MDM and the results reported in references is carried out, which proves that MDM is preferable and practicable.

Corrosion of Different Materials in Combustion Chamber of Yellow Phosphorus Tail Gas in Industrial Boiler

The corrosion of materials in combustion chamber of yellow phosphor tall gas was investrgated. The results reveal that the corrosion behavior is different for different materials under actual work conditions.

Feasibility Analysis on the Integrated Application of Solar Energy, Biogas, Coal-fired Boiler and Radiant Floor Heating for Rural Residence

The feasibility of adopting a balanced energy mix mode (domestic solar energy, biogas, coal-fired boiler and radiant floor heating) was proposed. Taking a typical rural residence in Zhengzhou City for example, the study through theoretical analysis and calculation showed that such a balanced energy mix is an economic way and efficient in saving energy and reducing air pollution, and elaborated the theoretical feasibility of popularizing such a heat supply mode in rural areas.

Comprehensive evaluation for efficient development of coal-fired Industry boiler clearing

The Paper has introduced development of domesticand foreign coal-fired industry boiler and has implementedcomprehensive comparison for several substitution technologies（coal powder boiler, coal water mixture boiler, coal-fired boiler,gas-fired boiler and biomass boiler, etc.） of backward coal-firedindustrial boiler in technology, economy and environment, etc.;has evaluated comprehensive effect and adaptiveconditions of coal-fired industry boiler technology and has put forward suggestion forefficient development of coal-fired industry boiler clearing.

Development and Installation of High Pressure Boilers for Co-Generation Plant in Sugar Industries

The sugar cane containing minimum 30% fiber was referred as bagasse and used the generation of power required for the operation of sugar mill. The bagasse is fired in the boiler for producing steam at high pressure, which is extracted through various single high capacity turbines and used in the process. The installation of high pressure boilers and high pressure turbo-generators has provision for the operation of co-generation plant during the off-season also that enhances the power generation from 9MW to 23MW. The annual monetary benefits achieved are Rs. 204.13 million and this was based on cost of power sold to the grid @ Rs 2.548 per unit, sugar season of 219 days and off season of 52 days. This required an investment of Rs 820.6 million. The investment had an attractive simple payback period of 48 months.

System Performance and Pollution Emission of Biomass Gas Co-Firing in a Coal-Fired Boiler

To reduce greenhouse gases emission and increase the renewable energy utilization portion in the world, the biomass gasification coupled with a coal-fired boiler power generation system is studied. It is a challenge to achieve optimum performance for the coupled system. The models of biomass gasification coupled with co-firing of coal in a boiler have been established. A comparative study of three kinds of biomass (Food Rubbish, Straw and Wood Pellets) has been done. The syngas produced in a 10 t/h gasifier is fed to a 330 MWe coal-fired boiler for co-combustion, and the co-firing performances have been compared with pure coal combustion case under the conditions of constant boiler load. Results show that co-firing decreases the furnace combustion temperature and raises the flue gas temperature for Food Rubbish and Straw, while, flue gases temperature decrease in case of Wood Pellets. At the same time NOx and SOx emissions have reduced. The system efficiencies at constant load for Food Rubbish, Straw and Wood Pellets are 83.25%, 83.88% and 82.56% when the optimum conditions of gasification and co-firing process are guaranteed.

Development of 600 MW Class Coal Fired Boilers in China

This article introduces the present status anddevelopment of 600 MW class boilers in China. The statisticaldata indicate that most 600 MW generating units experiencedrelatively length" growing up" period. In this period, unitscould not operate stably , their unplanned outage times weremany and durations long, and availabilities low. On the basis oftesting and research and the summing-up of practice, it wasindicated slagging in the furnace, deviation of tine gas energy atthe exit of furnace, and overheating bursting of superheater andreheater etc, endangering the safety and economics ofoperation,main problems could be completely alleviated oravoided through design and type selection of boiler furnace andburners, coal characteristics and coal handling management,and optimization management of operation conditions etc.

PM10 emissions from industrial coal-fired chain-grate boilers

Industrial coal-fired boiler is an important air pollutant emission source in China. The chain-grate boiler is the most extensively used type of industrial coal-fired boiler. An electrical low-pressure impactor, and a Dekati？ Low Pressure Impactor were applied to determine mass and number size distributions of PM10 at the inlet and the outlet of the particulate emission control devices at six coalfired chain-grate boilers. The mass size distribution of PM10 generated from coal-fired chain-grate boilers generally displays a bimodal distribution that contains a submicron mode and a coarse mode. The PM in the submicron mode for burning with raw coal contributes to 33% ± 10 % of PM10 emissions, much higher than those for pulverized boilers. And the PM in the submicron mode for burning with briquette contributes up to 86 % of PM10 emissions. Multiclones and scrubbers are not efficient for controlling PM10 emission. Their average collection efficiencies for sub-micron particle and super-micron particle are 34% and 78%, respectively. Operating conditions of industrial steam boilers have influence on PM generation. Peak of the submicron mode during normal operation period is larger than the start-up period.

基于水蓄热的热源厂蒸汽调峰技术

基于工业供汽负荷波动大、昼夜偏差显著的现状,将水蓄热技术与热源厂热力生产工艺相结合,提出采用蒸汽-除盐冷水的间接换热技术、环氧富锌漆防腐技术和硬质聚氨酯发泡保温技术,并对形状、容积和高径比等罐体结构优化设计,旨在开发一种适用于工业供热的蒸汽调峰技术。实践应用表明,基于水蓄热的热源厂蒸汽调峰技术具有稳定高效、简单易操和投资收益显著等优点。本技术还可应用于燃煤机组实现深度调峰、消纳新能源发电等场景,具有重要的现实意义。

工业锅炉产品碳足迹评估方法研究

产品碳足迹评估以工业锅炉为对象,基于生命周期视角,确定工业锅炉的系统边界、功能单位及取舍原则,将工业锅炉生命周期分为原材料获取阶段、生产阶段、使用阶段及处置回收阶段,进行清单数据收集与分析,建立各阶段的碳足迹计算方法。以某锅炉制造厂的燃气蒸汽锅炉为例,对其生命周期各阶段的碳排放进行计算和分析,结果表明:在其生命周期的各个阶段中,使用阶段的碳排放在总排放中具有最大贡献,占比超过99%。通过敏感性分析,发现燃料使用敏感度最高,其次是电力和原材料;运用蒙特卡洛方法进行不确定度分析,确定并量化输入数据产生的不确定性,优化清单数据收集方案,从而更加真实地反映产品生命周期碳排放量。

工业锅炉安全评价及在线监测方法研究

工业锅炉作为热源或动力源普遍用于生产生活的各个方面,但是工业锅炉运维水平较低,容易发生锅炉爆炸等严重事故。因此,本文结合大型体育赛事举办背景,通过对实际工业锅炉事故的深入分析,总结出工业锅炉四类严重事故及其发生原因,形成基于安保措施和使用场景的工业锅炉安全评价预警方法,根据此方法开发工业锅炉在线监测及预警系统,并成功用于大型体育赛事用工业锅炉,实现对实际工业锅炉的实时监测与预警,保障其安全稳定运行。

水泥窑纯低温余热锅炉常见问题及应对措施

随着水泥工业的飞速发展,水泥窑纯低温余热发电技术被广泛应用于水泥工业中。该技术利用窑头(AQC)和窑尾(SP)排出的废热烟气热量加热余热锅炉水,经过一系列转换后将锅炉水转变为过热蒸汽,进而推动汽轮机组发电。该技术的应用显著提高水泥制造企业的能源利用率,降低大气污染,是企业降本增效、节能减排的重要举措。该文主要介绍水泥窑纯低温余热锅炉的工作原理及其在运行过程中的常见问题,分析问题的形成原因,并提出相应的解决措施,以期为水泥窑纯低温余热锅炉的安全经济运行,维护保养、检修及定期检验提供科学指导。

工业锅炉节能和环境保护标准执行中的节能问题及解决对策

为解决工业锅炉在节能和环境保护标准执行过程中所面临的问题,通过分析,找准工业锅炉节能与环保标准执行中存在的阻力,并给出针对性建议。结果表明:目前工业锅炉运行过程中存在的问题主要为工业锅炉设备与技术落后、工业锅炉管理水平不高、燃料燃烧不稳定、对节能环保工作不够重视、节能环保政策学习不够深入、节能环保监管力度不足6个方面。针对存在的问题,应针对性地做到更新工业锅炉设备与技术、提高工业锅炉管理水平、推动信息化建设,稳定锅炉燃烧效率、重视锅炉节能环保,强化检验把关作用、落实企业主体责任,强化环保法规政策学习、加大监督检查力度6个方面。当前工业锅炉在节能和环保标准执行中面临多重问题,需通过多重措施来解决,推动工业锅炉领域朝着更加高效、清洁、环保的方向发展。

福建省在用工业锅炉能效状况分析与研究

文中重点介绍2018年至2021年开展的福建省(除厦门外)在用工业锅炉能效测试分析与研究工作,总结了分析研究工作中发现的问题,提出了下阶段的工作建议,该项分析与研究工作有力促进全省更加节能与环保地使用工业锅炉,进一步提升了全省工业锅炉节能监管水平。

高温高压工业锅炉给水泵机械密封运行研究

工业锅炉作为能源供应的核心组件,在现代工业中扮演着至关重要的角色。高效稳定的工业锅炉操作是确保工业过程顺利进行的关键因素之一。而在工业锅炉中,给水泵的功能无疑至关重要,它负责将给水输送至锅炉内,以维持高温高压环境下的稳定运行。工业锅炉的给水系统存在高温、高压以及容易汽化等问题经常会造成给水泵的机械密封失效,严重可导致重大事故发生。鉴于工业锅炉给水泵在生产中的重要性,结合具体DG型高温高压工业锅炉给水泵进行分析,讨论了现有的给水泵机械密封方法,并根据常见问题提出具体的提升策略,以为工业锅炉给水泵机械密封改进提供建议。

工业锅炉炉膛可视化监测系统研究

工业锅炉是重要的工业加热设备,一般分为蒸汽锅炉和燃煤锅炉。工业锅炉炉膛又叫燃烧室,主要作用是组织燃料燃烧所需的空间,承担着炉膛内交换热量的重任,确保锅炉出口烟气的温度冷却到受热面允许的程度。工业锅炉在运行过程中,燃烧情况是影响工业锅炉运行的重要监视对象之一。燃烧不稳定不仅会导致锅炉的热效率降低,产生噪声以及污染物,严重还会引发炉膛灭火以及炉膛爆炸等安全事件。近些年我国工业迅速发展,工业锅炉在能源等行业的使用愈加增多。加强对工业锅炉炉膛燃烧情况监测是应对能源匮乏现状,提升企业经济效益的重要手段。分析了工业锅炉的概念及炉膛结构,介绍了可视化监测系统的构成及价值,并从整体架构、硬件以及软件设计三方面介绍工业锅炉炉膛可视化监测系统,旨在为工业锅炉的运行优化提供设计参考。

煤化工一般工业固废的不同比例压实探索

近年来,煤化工逐步形成产业化格局。煤化工会产生大量一般固废,粉煤灰、炉底渣、气化粗渣和气化细渣分别具有不同的特征。使用装载机推平压实筑坝时,应根据不同特征选择固废填埋场筑坝的固废种类。本研究以气化渣、锅炉渣、粉煤灰为原料,制备不同类型的试块,开展固废压实成型试验,通过强度对比确定各类固废压实成型特征,为各类固废处置过程的推平、压实提供依据。

工业锅炉内部检验缺陷分析研究

工业锅炉在日常生产和生活中使用广泛,一旦出现问题,严重的将发生灼伤、火灾、爆炸等事故,对其进行内部检验,能够提前发现事故隐患,消除安全风险。文章针对某年度省级检验机构发现的124台重大缺陷的工业锅炉进行分析,从锅炉类型、缺陷类型、缺陷部位、水处理方式等方面进行研究,旨在为工业锅炉内部检验工作提供参考和指引。