Research on the Industrial Transfer and Restructuring Path of the Energy-Intensive Manufacturing Industry in Western China

The orderly transfer of the manufacturing industry is a major action in China’s industrial restructuring.From the perspective of industrial transfer,we used the concentration ratio to depict the trend of the industrial transfer of energy-intensive manufacturing in the eastern,central,and western regions since the policy of large-scale development of western China was implemented.We measured the total factor productivity(TFP)of western China using the DEAMalmquist index method.We conducted a regression analysis to measure the effect of western China’s undertaking of the transfer of the energy-intensive manufacturing industry.The findings of this study show that during 2000–2019,eleven provinces(as well as autonomous regions and municipalities)in western China undertook the transfer of the energy-intensive manufacturing industry from the eastern and central regions to varying degrees,exhibiting significant phase features regarding the rate and scale of transfers.Further investigation also demonstrated that the transfer of energy-intensive manufacturing industries has a U-shaped enabling effect on TFP in western China with the scale effect greater than the technology effect.Therefore,it is necessary to transition from“extensive industrial transfer”at the cost of the labor force,land,and resources to“modern industrial transfer”featured by technology and efficiency improvements to contribute to industrial restructuring in western China effectively.

Relocation moveson——It’s time for China’s textile industry to transfer

History proves that some countries and regions benefited from international industry transfer, because of international industrial transfer can stimulate their economic growth.Thanks to the manufacturing transfer implemented by EU, USA, Japan and some Asian developed countries in 1980s, China’s economic situation has boomed over 30 years. Textile industry as a traditional industry in China has its own competitive advantage. It can be confirmed that textile industry will play an important role during the fourth Industry transfer period. So, who will be the winner this time?

MIIT Issued Guidelines on Promoting the Transfer of Textile Industry

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of P.R. of China (MIIT) issued "Guidelines on Promoting the transfer of textile industry"(hereinafter referred to as "Gulidelines") on July 2nd.

AN INNOVATIVE ORDERS-OF-MAGNITUDE AHP APPROACH OF LEADING INDUSTRIES SELECTION:CASE STUDY OF JIANGBEI INDUSTRIAL CLUSTERS IN CHINA

In current stage of China Industrial Transfer, how to select the leading industries is an extremely difficult decision. In this research, we study the selection problem of Jiangbei Industrial Clusters in Anhui Province. Total thirty-three industries can be transferred to Jiangbei Industrial Clusters, however due to limited capacity, Jiangbei Industrial Clusters can only accommodate a few of them. The difficulties of such decision include： 1） the decisions are qualitative within a complex and uncertain environment; 2） the number of alternatives is beyond the upper bound of comparing elements in general decision making methods. We introduce a new methodology-the Orders-of-Magnitude approach of the Analytic Hierarchy Process （OM-AHP） to solve such selection decision. The OM-AHP follows AHP philosophy to structure qualitative questions and uses ＂pivot＂ element to handle the situation when the alternatives become more than seven. By employing OM-AHP methodology, we found the modern logistics industry and ship ＆ marine equipment etc., are identified to be the leading industries; particularly, we recommend to give higher priority in modern logistics industry and the advanced equipment manufacturing industry, given these two industries could dramatically improve the overall comprehensive economic strength and significantly enhance competitive advantages of the Jiangbei Industrial Clusters.

Environmental cost and pollution risk caused by the industrial transfer in Qinghai Province

With the rising pressure due to energy consumption and costs of environmental protection and recovery, industrial transfer from the eastern to central and western areas has surged in China. However, extremely fragile ecological conditions and severe water shortage are significant hurdles for industry development in Western China. Whether the vulnerable environment can bear the pollution caused by the transferred industry from Eastern China becomes a significant issue. This study firstly estimates energy and environmental costs in different areas of China, and assesses the necessity to upgrade the industrial structure of Qinghai Province. Then the emis- sions of waste water, waste gas, and smoke caused by transferred industries are calculated by Input-Output Model. On the basis of the effect analysis of waste emission on environment, pollution risks of Qinghai province are assessed. The results illustrate that the costs of environmental protection and recovery in China have a gradient distribution, of which the energy efficiency is Lower while environmental costs are higher in Western China. Industrial structure adjustment has different impacts on the pollution of different sectors. Although the development of machinery and equipment, hotels and catering services, and real estate, leasing, and business services has increased the emission of pollutants, it is offset by the decreasing emissions caused by other industries such as construction and metal products. Therefore, although economic development will increase environ- mental pollution, industrial adjustments can effectively decrease waste water and waste gas emissions to reduce the pollution risk. It should be noted that there are still tremendous challenges for industrial transfer in Qinghai Province to coordinate the environment and industry development.

Uncovering CO_(2) emission drivers under regional industrial transfer in China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt: a multi-layer LMDI decomposition analysis

With the relocation of heavy industries moving from downstream region to upstream and midstream regions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB),it is critical to encourage coordinated low carbon development in different regions within the YREB.This paper uncovers the evolution of CO_(2) emissions in different regions within the YREB for the period of 2000–2017.It decomposes regional CO_(2) emission changes using the temporal and cross-regional three-layer logarithmic mean Divisia index(LMDI)method.Besides,it decomposes industrial CO_(2) emission changes using the temporal two-layer LMDI method.The research results show that economic growth is the major driver for regional CO_(2) emission disparities.The mitigation drivers,such as energy intensity and energy structure,lead to a more decreased CO_(2) emission in the downstream region than in the upstream and midstream regions.In addition,it proposes several policy recommendations based upon the local realities,including improving energy efficiency,optimizing energy structure,promoting advanced technologies and equipment transfers,and coordinating the development in the upstream,midstream and downstream regions within the YREB.

A Study on the Transfer of China’s Manufacturing under the Adjustment of Global Industrial Layout-An Analysis Based on the Multi-Regional Input-Output Model of China and the United States

Based on the multi-regional input-output model and WIOD data in 2014,this paper quantitatively estimates the impact of manufacturing transfer on China’s GDP and industrial structure from three technological categories of manufacturing,two stages and three channels.This paper finds that:(1)China’s exports to the United States are mainly high-tech products,and high-tech manufacturing is greatly constrained by the United States,which requires close attention.(2)Manufacturing transfer has an impact through three channels,i.e.direct effect,correlation effect and spillover effect.Direct effect is the main channel of infl uence in the short term,but in the long term,spillover effect is the main factor causing inter-sector differences.(3)In the short run,the transfer of low-tech manufacturing has the greatest impact on China’s GDP,while in the long run,the transfer of medium-and high-tech manufacturing will exert much stronger impact than that of low-tech manufacturing,and low-tech manufacturing is less helpful for the upgrading of China’s industrial structure.In order to mitigate the impact of industrial transfer,this paper suggests that differentiated policies be adopted for different technological categories of manufacturing,with special focus on strengthening the dominance and irreplaceability of medium-and high-tech manufacturing in the industrial chain in China.

Financial Pressure,Economic Stimulus and Land Transfer with the Aim of Attracting Investment-Empirical Evidence Based on Micro Data of Industrial Land

Although China’s local governments are facing greater financial pressure,they often sell industrial land at low prices to attract investment.Local government land transfer strategies refl ect driving mechanisms of officials’behavior.Based on the micro data of about 340000 industrial land sales in 289 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2015,this paper divides industrial land transfer into two categories,namely land transfer with the aim of attracting investment and normal transfer,according to whether the transfer price is lower than the minimum price stipulated by central government.The paper explores the strategies of industrial land transfer under financial pressure and the motivation differences of officials with the help of changes in local land transfers after the introduction of economic stimulus policies.It is found that financial pressure will signifi cantly reduce local industrial land transfer with the aim of investment attraction.However,after the introduction of economic stimulus policies,although financial pressure has increased,the infl uence of financial pressure on local governments’investment-induced land transfer behavior significantly weakened due to the increase of out-of-system financing channels,thus industrial land transfer with the aim of attracting investment has increased signifi cantly.From the perspective of promotion incentives of officials,officials with longer term were more inclined to sell industrial land to attract investment.Therefore,it is necessary to rationally arrange the financial resources and powers of central and local governments,to adapt reasonable macro control method and strategy,and to build an offi cial evaluation system that meets the needs of high-quality development.

中国电子产业:发展原因和制约因素(英文)

The development of China’s electronics industry can be attributed to supportive governmentpolicies, strong domestic market demand and the opportunities provided by the internationaltransfer of technology in the electronic manufacturing sector. China’s enterprises can onlycontinue to develop through technological upgrading due to the lack of core technologiesof their own. Since this process is still ongoing, China has not become a competitive countryin the field of electronic technology. As a country in transition, government initiatives designedto encourage the development of the electronics industry have also undergone changes inline with economic institutional reform. Direct government intervention policies have beengradually replaced by indirect regulatory policies and the market is playing a more andmore important role in the electronics industry.