Efficient heavy metal recycling and water reuse from industrial wastewater using new reusable and inexpensive polyphenylene sulfide derivatives

Heavy metal(HM)pollution is a serious environment problem.Recovering HM from industrial wastewater by efficient adsorbents is a sustainable method due to recycling HM and acquiring reusable water.However,popular efficient adsorbents are usually expensive or non-reusable.In this paper,methods of efficient HM recycling and water reuse from industrial wastewater were developed using efficient adsorbents,new polyphenylene sulfide derivatives,which are recyclable and stable in an acidic,alkaline or oxidative aqueous solution.Moreover,they can efficiently and quickly adsorb HM ions.The maximum adsorption capacities of these adsorbents for HM ions are at the range from 51.3-184.2 mg·g^(-1).The adsorption equilibrium times of them for HM ions are at the range from 10 to 80 min.Therefore,this paper suggests sustainable methods of HM recovery and water reuse from industrial wastewater.

Inexpensive Geophysical Instruments Supporting Groundwater Exploration in Developing Nations

Geophysical methods are often used to aid in exploration for safe and abundant groundwater. In particular resistivity and seismic refraction methods are helpful in determining depth to bedrock and zones of saturation in the subsurface. However the expense of these instruments ($5000 to $20,000) has resulted in their limited use in developing countries. This paper describes how to construct these devices for less than $250 each. The instruments are small, light and robust and are as useful for groundwater exploration as the commercial models for shallow aquifers (less than 35 m deep) where wells can be hand dug, augured or drilled with small portable drill rigs. Data interpretation can be accomplished quickly in the field with free software implemented on a laptop computer. A suite of geophysical instruments and software can therefore be assembled for less than $850. This paper gives the design for these instruments and essential information needed to use them. It is hoped that these inexpensive geophysical instruments can be widely distributed among drillers and aid workers in developing countries, improving the success rate of water wells.

A thermal stable cathode buffer based on an inexpensive tetranuclear zinc(Ⅱ) complex for organic photovoltaic devices

An inexpensive material, i.e., tetranuclear zinc（Ⅱ） complex, （Zn40（A/D）6） [AID = 7-azaindolate], was utilized as a cathode buffer in organic photovoltaic （OPV） devices, leading to the improvement of device performance. Compared to OPV devices based on a conventional cathode buffer of TPBi （1,3,5-tris（2-N-phenylbenzimidazolyl）benzene）, although the freshly prepared devices showed similar performance, when heated to a series of high temperatures under air, the short circuit current and the open circuit voltage of the Zn40（AID）6 devices dropped more slowly, indicating the superiority of using Zn40（AID）6 as a cathode buffer over TPBi in OPV devices.

Optimized Assay for Hydrogen Peroxide Determination in Plant Tissue Using Potassium Iodide

Here, we present an optimization of colorimetric determination of hydrogen peroxide content in plants using potassium iodide. Our method is based on a one step buffer (extraction and reaction) for the determination of H2O2 in different plant tissues and overcomes interference of soluble antioxidant and color background. A particular attention is paid to buffer pH shown to be tissue dependent. With this inexpensive microplate method, it is possible to analyze 12 experimental samples in about 45 min all in triplicates, with blanks, controls and standard curve.

MP-RAID: Mirroring and parity protected disk array

Redundant array of inexpensive disk （RAID）10 is known as the most reliable disk array architecture to tolerate up to half of total disk failures, but failure of two disks in the same mirror set still results in data loss. In this paper, we propose a new disk array architecture, mirroring and parity protected RAID （MP-RAID）, which combines both mirroring and parity techniques to further improve reliability of disk arrays. The main idea behind MP-RAID is to protect the data by both mirroring and parity techniques： keep two copies of data in the same mirror set and update the parity block in the log disk within the same parity groups. Reliability analysis shows that the reliability of MP-RAID, in terms of mean time to data loss （MTTDL）, is much better than RAID10 and RAID5.

Application of Fracture Gas Measurement to the Earthquake Studies in China

The earth is an enormous open system and the gas-releasing phenomenon of the crust is the major means of exchange of matters and energy at different crustal depth.Therefore,a powerful gas-releasing channel is actually a "window" to understand the subterranean physical and chemical variations as well as stress-strain changes.The releasing places,quantities and ways obtained by systematically observing and recording can reveal the pressure variation and opening state of channels in the crust,and furthermore provide important information for earthquake prediction,tectonic activity and monitoring of volcanic activity.The fracture-gas measurement has been applied widely to earthquake sciences and has played an important role.The authors introduced systematically the application situation and preliminary achievements in China,and pointed out that though this technique is at the beginning stage and not very sophisticated but its capacities for being easy-carrying,fast-operating and inexpensive,makes for a

Diet Tips That Can Change Your Life

1.Make charts and graphs of your weight loss and eating behavior.Fillthem out every day.2.Don’t let anyone 'love' you with food.3.Select your weight goal.Write it here.Now post this note whereyou’ll see it every day.4.Always set a new goal before you reach the old one.Goals move

美国的汽车

汽车是美国生活的重要组成部分。汽车使美国成了"汽车轮子上的国家",它也帮助美国成为现在的样子。

向未来进发

有了日新月异的科技手段,面对不一样的劳动大军,企业管理者该如何应对?与时俱进不能停留在口头上,要付诸行动,才不会被时代淘汰。Carrots for the Millennials让Y世代尝到甜头H o s t:W h y i n a n environment like ours,where there’s high unemployment,do these kids get to call the shots?Nadira Hira(Journalist,

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence carbazole-triazine dendrimer with bulky substituents

Carbazole-triazine dendrimers with a bulky terminal substituent were synthesized,and the thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)property was investigated.Compared to unsubstituted carbazole dendrimers,dendrimers with bulky terminal substituents showed comparable to better photoluminescence quantum yields(PLQY)in neat films.Phenylfluorene(PF)-substituted dendrimers showed the highest PLQY of 81%,a smallΔEst of 0.06 eV,and the fastest reverse intersystem crossing(RISC)rate of∼1×10^(5 )s^(−1) compared to other dendrimers.Phosphorescence measurements of dendrimers and dendrons(fragments)indicate that the close proximity of the triplet energy of phenylfluorene-substituted carbazole dendrons(^(3)LE)to that of phenylfluorene-substituted dendrimers(^(1)CT,^(3)CT)contributes to RISC promotion and improves TADF efficiency.Terminal modification fine-tunes the energy level and suppresses intermolecular interactions,and this study provides a guideline for designing efficient solution-processable and non-doped TADF materials.

Carbazole-endcapped Spiro[fluorene-9,9＇-xanthene] with Large Steric Hindrance as Hole-transporting Host for Heavily-doped and High Performance OLEDs

In this work, we designed and synthesized a novel spirocyclic compound functionalized spiro[fluorene-9,9＇- xanthene] with carbazole group （2-carbazolyl-spiro[fluorene-9,9＇-xanthene], SFX-Cz） via Friedel-Crafts and Ullmann reaction, which is expected to own high thermal and morphological stability, and good carrier injection/ transporting properties due to the excellent hole transporting characteristics of carbazole and cruciform structure of spiro[fluorene-9,9＇-xanthene]. The carbazole end-capped spiro[fluorene-9,9＇-xanthene] SFX-Cz based PhOLEDs with Flrpic as phosphor emitter have been researched by varying dopant concentration, which exhibit the maximum EQEs of 8.9%, 7.4%, 9.1%, and 4.7% with the doping increasing from 10% to 50%. The higher performance PhOLEDs are independent on concentration variation from 10% to 30%, which suggests the bulky steric hindrance of SFX-Cz might be a potential canditate for high performance and inexpensive device with simplified process.

Printed unmanned aerial vehicles using paper-based electroactive polymer actuators and organic ion gel transistors

We combined lightweight and mechanically flexible printed transistors and actuators with a paper unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)glider prototype to demonstrate electrically controlled glide path modification in a lightweight,disposable UAV system.The integration of lightweight and mechanically flexible electronics that is offered by printed electronics is uniquely attractive in this regard because it enables flight control in an inexpensive,disposable,and easily integrated system.Here,we demonstrate electroactive polymer(EAP)actuators that are directly printed into paper that act as steering elements for low cost,lightweight paper UAVs.We drive these actuators by using ion gel-gated organic thin film transistors(OTFTs)that are ideally suited as drive transistors for these actuators in terms of drive current and frequency requirements.By using a printing-based fabrication process on a paper glider,we are able to deliver an attractive path to the realization of inexpensive UAVs for ubiquitous sensing and monitoring flight applications.

Sensitive and enzyme-free detection for single nucleotide polymorphism using microbead-assisted toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction

This report described a free-enzyme, convenient and inexpensive genotyping biosensor capable of detecting single nucleotide polymorphism at normal temperature based on the combination of toeholdmediated strand displacement reaction（toehold-SDR） and microbead-capture technique. The biosensor consists of a pre-hybridized strand formed by a reporter probe and a capture probe. In the presence of a mutant sequence, there is no toehold-mediated strand displacement and the reporter probe cannot be released from the pre-hybridized strand. Microbeads capture the fluorescent pre-hybridized strand through biotin–streptavidin interaction, so microbeads give out significant fluorescence signal, while there is no fluorescence in the solution. However, in the presence of a matched target, the strand displacement is effectively initiated and the reporter probe is released from pre-hybridized strand. After adding microbeads, the solution produces bright fluorescence, while microbeads have no obvious signal.Genotypes are identified conveniently according to the fluorescence intensity of the solution. The method provides a simple and inexpensive strategy to detect point mutation. Moreover, this biosensor shows the linear relationship in the range of 1–40 nmol/L and reaches a detection limit of 0.3 nmol/L.？ 2015 Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A novel synthesis of nitroform by the nitrolysis of cucurbituril

Cucurbituril has a high symmetry and rigid structure.When cucurbit[6]uril（CB[6]） was nitrolyzed with the mixed solution of acetic anhydride in fuming nitric acid,nitroform（NF） was generated.NF also can be obtained by the nitration of both CB[5,7,8].This nitration procedure provides a lower risk,inexpensive,new preparation of nitroform,and the reaction condition of this new method is very mild.

Facile one-pot clean synthesis of benzimidazole motifs: Exploration on bismuth nitrate accelerated subtle catalysis

In the present letter, an efficient, clean and one-pot synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazole and 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives has been explored by reacting o-phenylenediamine with aromatic aldehydes using bismuth nitrate as a catalyst in ethanol at ambient temperature. This methodology avails with faster reactions, excellent yield, mild reaction conditions, use of inexpensive and non-toxic catalyst compared to literature reported hitherto.

A mid-infrared methane detection device based on dualchannel lock-in amplifier

A portable dual-channel digital/analogue hybrid lock-in amplifier（LIA） is developed,and its amplitude detection error is less than 10% when the signal-to-noise ratio（SNR） is larger than-12 d B.Then,a differential mid-infrared methane（CH4） detection device is experimentally demonstrated based on a wideband incandescence wire-source and a multi-pass spherical reflector.The experiments are carried out to obtain the sensing performance of the device.With the absorption length of only ~4.8 cm,the limit of detection（Lo D） is about 71.43 mg/m3,and the detection range is from 0 mg/m3 to 5.00×104 mg/m3.As the concentration gets larger than 714.30 mg/m3,the relative detection error falls into the range of-5%—＋5%.Two seven-hour-measurements are done on the CH4 samples with concentrations of 1.43×103 mg/m3 and 4.29×103 mg/m3,respectively,and the results show that the maximum relative error is less than 5%.Because of the cost effective incandescence wire-source,the small-size and inexpensive dual-channel LIA,and the small-size absorption pool and reflector,the developed device shows potential applications of CH4 detection in coal mine production and environmental protection.

Contactless and rapid discrimination of improvised explosives by tailoring ZnS nanocrystals

With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and'Hundred Talents Program'of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),the research team led by Prof.Dou Xincun(窦新存)at Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics&Chemistry,CAS,developed a chemiresistive sensory array for

A novel and facile synthesis of 4-arylquinolin-2(1H)-ones under metal-free conditions

A novel and facile synthesis of 4-arylquinolin-2（1H）-ones without metal catalysis has been developed.This reaction involved cyclization/elimination steps and was performed under metal-free conditions using inexpensive reagents such as NaI, selectfluor and KOH.