The enlargementof government’sinvestmentinto infrastructural construction is both a help medicinecuring economiccontraction and an effective measureto accumulatelong-termeconomicgrowth..How-ever,the investmentby fina...The enlargementof government’sinvestmentinto infrastructural construction is both a help medicinecuring economiccontraction and an effective measureto accumulatelong-termeconomicgrowth..How-ever,the investmentby finance into infrastructure also has a problemof optimization and reasonable selec-tion.In view of marketeconomicrequirements,the policy direction of financial investmentinto infrastruc-tural industries must be doing somethingat the expense of some other things.In the process of the adjust-mentand optimizationof economicstructure,state financial investmentinto infrastructural facilities has to first of all solve the problemof delimitating the best fields and selecting trades.As to the infrastructure facilities producingand selling pure public products,the developmentmust be madeby financial investment;As to the productionfields of subpublicproducts,finance should ensure reasonable investment;As to the in-frastructural facilities of pure privite production,finance should completely,in principle,pull out and let marketsupply.Onthis basis,selections should be madeon best capital soureces and investmentways.The capital sources should be mainly from tax and regulational incomeand direct investmentmay be made.As to the productionfields of most subpublicproduction,the best capital sources are national debt incomeand in-direct investmentmaybe made.In addition,the optimization of financial investmentinto infrastructural fa-cilities must reform the managerialsystem of infrastructural facilities and raise investmentefficiency.On-ly by scientifically selecting and arranging the financing ways and managerialsystem in investmentfields,can the maximumeconomicefficiency and social welfare results be realized in carrying out financial invest-mentinto infrastructural facilities. [展开更多
For the suppliers of concerned services, theories about infrastructure pricing： SAT （Stand Alone economists such as Laffont, Tirole, etc. developed Test）, ECPR （Efficient Component Pricing Rule）. Especially, Sida...For the suppliers of concerned services, theories about infrastructure pricing： SAT （Stand Alone economists such as Laffont, Tirole, etc. developed Test）, ECPR （Efficient Component Pricing Rule）. Especially, Sidak, Spulber, put forward M-ECPR （Market Efficient Component Pricing Rule） method for bottleneck infrastructures. In this article, we bring the M-ECPR principles into the study of Chinese railways pricing of its network infrastructures. Combined with our Engineer Model and Opportunity Cost Model, we analyzed the special conditions faced by Chinese railways, and developed a model for sharing infrastructure fees among freight and passenger transportations. Engineer Model split Variable Cost （VC） and Fixed Cost （FC） into freight and passenger activities, and Opportunity Cost Model take the insufficient supply of infrastructure capacity into consideration. Of course, the subsidy from the government greatly affected the price standard for bottleneck facilities, or so-called network infrastructures.展开更多
文摘The enlargementof government’sinvestmentinto infrastructural construction is both a help medicinecuring economiccontraction and an effective measureto accumulatelong-termeconomicgrowth..How-ever,the investmentby finance into infrastructure also has a problemof optimization and reasonable selec-tion.In view of marketeconomicrequirements,the policy direction of financial investmentinto infrastruc-tural industries must be doing somethingat the expense of some other things.In the process of the adjust-mentand optimizationof economicstructure,state financial investmentinto infrastructural facilities has to first of all solve the problemof delimitating the best fields and selecting trades.As to the infrastructure facilities producingand selling pure public products,the developmentmust be madeby financial investment;As to the productionfields of subpublicproducts,finance should ensure reasonable investment;As to the in-frastructural facilities of pure privite production,finance should completely,in principle,pull out and let marketsupply.Onthis basis,selections should be madeon best capital soureces and investmentways.The capital sources should be mainly from tax and regulational incomeand direct investmentmay be made.As to the productionfields of most subpublicproduction,the best capital sources are national debt incomeand in-direct investmentmaybe made.In addition,the optimization of financial investmentinto infrastructural fa-cilities must reform the managerialsystem of infrastructural facilities and raise investmentefficiency.On-ly by scientifically selecting and arranging the financing ways and managerialsystem in investmentfields,can the maximumeconomicefficiency and social welfare results be realized in carrying out financial invest-mentinto infrastructural facilities. [
文摘For the suppliers of concerned services, theories about infrastructure pricing： SAT （Stand Alone economists such as Laffont, Tirole, etc. developed Test）, ECPR （Efficient Component Pricing Rule）. Especially, Sidak, Spulber, put forward M-ECPR （Market Efficient Component Pricing Rule） method for bottleneck infrastructures. In this article, we bring the M-ECPR principles into the study of Chinese railways pricing of its network infrastructures. Combined with our Engineer Model and Opportunity Cost Model, we analyzed the special conditions faced by Chinese railways, and developed a model for sharing infrastructure fees among freight and passenger transportations. Engineer Model split Variable Cost （VC） and Fixed Cost （FC） into freight and passenger activities, and Opportunity Cost Model take the insufficient supply of infrastructure capacity into consideration. Of course, the subsidy from the government greatly affected the price standard for bottleneck facilities, or so-called network infrastructures.
