MODELING AND SIMULATION OF THE VULNERABILITY OF INTERDEPENDENT POWER-WATER INFRASTRUCTURE NETWORKS TO CASCADING FAILURES

Critical infrastructures are becoming increasingly interdependent and vulnerable to cascading failures. Existing studies have analyzed the vulnerability of interdependent networks to cascading failures from the static perspective of network topology structure. This paper develops a more realistic cascading failures model that considers the dynamic redistribution of load in power network to explore the vulnerability of interdependent power-water networks. In this model, the critical tolerance threshold is originally proposed to indicate the vulnerability of network to cascading failures. In addition, some key parameters that are important to network vulnerability are identified and quantified through numerical simulation. Results show that cascading failures can be prevented when the values of tolerance parameter are above a critical tolerance threshold. Otherwise interdependent networks collapse after attacking a critical fraction of power nodes. Interdependent networks become more vulnerable with the increase in interdependence strength, which implies the importance of protecting those interconnected nodes to reduce the consequences of cascading failures. Interdependent networks are most vulnerable under high-load attack, which shows the significance of protecting high-load nodes.

A Survey on Event Mining for ICT Network Infrastructure Management

1 IntroductionNowadays in China, there are more than six hundred million netizens [1]. On April 11, 2015, the nmnbet of simultaneous online users of the Chinese instant message application QQ reached two hundred million [2]. The fast growth ol the lnternet pusnes me rapid development of information technology （IT） and communication technology （CT）. Many traditional IT service and CT equipment providers are facing the fusion of IT and CT in the age of digital transformation, and heading toward ICT enterprises. Large global ICT enterprises, such as Apple, Google, Microsoft, Amazon, Verizon, and AT＆T, have been contributing to the performance improvement of IT service and CT equipment.

ZTE is Top 3 Global LTE Network Infrastructure Vendor

ZTE Corporation,a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions,has been named a Top 3 LTE Network Infrastructure Vendor by Gartner,the world’s leading information technology research

Opportunity Cost Model of Infrastructure Access Charges for Chinese Railways

For the suppliers of concerned services, theories about infrastructure pricing： SAT （Stand Alone economists such as Laffont, Tirole, etc. developed Test）, ECPR （Efficient Component Pricing Rule）. Especially, Sidak, Spulber, put forward M-ECPR （Market Efficient Component Pricing Rule） method for bottleneck infrastructures. In this article, we bring the M-ECPR principles into the study of Chinese railways pricing of its network infrastructures. Combined with our Engineer Model and Opportunity Cost Model, we analyzed the special conditions faced by Chinese railways, and developed a model for sharing infrastructure fees among freight and passenger transportations. Engineer Model split Variable Cost （VC） and Fixed Cost （FC） into freight and passenger activities, and Opportunity Cost Model take the insufficient supply of infrastructure capacity into consideration. Of course, the subsidy from the government greatly affected the price standard for bottleneck facilities, or so-called network infrastructures.

Optimization Processes of Tangible and Intangible Networks through the Laplace Problems for Regular Lattices with Multiple Obstacles along the Way

A systematic approach is proposed to the theme of safety,reliability and global quality of complex networks(material and immaterial)by means of special mathematical tools that allow an adequate geometric characterization and study of the operation,even in the presence of multiple obstacles along the path.To that end,applying the theory of graphs to the problem under study and using a special mathematical model based on stochastic geometry,in this article we consider some regular lattices in which it is possible to schematize the elements of the network,with the fundamental cell with six,eight or 2(n+2)obstacles,calculating the probability of Laplace.In this way it is possible to measure the“degree of impedance”exerted by the anomalies along the network by the obstacles examined.The method can be extended to other regular and/or irregular geometric figures,whose union together constitutes the examined network,allowing to optimize the functioning of the complex system considered.

Research on Logistics Network Infrastructures Based on DEA-PCA Approach:Evidence from the Yangtze River Delta Region in China

Compared with the extensive research on logistics network infrastructures(LNIs)in the developed world,empirical research is still scarce in China.In this paper the theory of LNIs is firstly overviewed.Then a new evaluation index system for LNIs is set up which contains factors that reflect the economic development level,transportation accessibility and turnover volume of freight traffc.An empirical study is carried out by using data envelopment analysis(DEA)and principal component analysis(PCA)approach to classify LNIs into 4 clusters for 25 cities in the Yangtze River Delta Region of China.According to the characteristics of the 4 clusters,suggestions are proposed for improving their LNIs.Finally,after comparing different LNIs of 25 cities in the Yangtze River Delta Region of China,this paper proposes that different LNIs including hub,central distribution center or cross docking center,regional distribution center or distribution center should be built reasonably in order to meet the customer's requirement in the four different cluster cities.

Reversible data hiding based on histogram and prediction error for sharing secret data

With the advancement of communication technology,a large number of data are constantly transmitted through the internet for various purposes,which are prone to be illegally accessed by third parties.Therefore,securing such data is crucial to protect the transmitted information from falling into the wrong hands.Among data protection schemes,Secret Image Sharing is one of the most popular methods.It protects critical messages or data by embedding them in an image and sharing it with some users.Furthermore,it combines the security concepts in that private data are embedded into a cover image and then secured using the secret-sharing method.Despite its advantages,this method may produce noise,making the resulting stego file much different from its cover.Moreover,the size of private data that can be embedded is limited.This research works on these problems by utilizing prediction-error expansion and histogram-based approaches to embed the data.To recover the cover image,the SS method based on the Chinese remainder theorem is used.The experimental results indicate that this proposed method performs better than similar methods in several cover images and scenarios.

Quantification of disaster resilience in civil engineering:A review

Resistance to unexpected disasters and rapid post-disaster recovery(i.e.,disaster resilience)of cities are extremely necessary owing to the concentrated risk of urbanization.Resilience quantification can adequately reflect the capacity of a city to withstand disasters.Many existing studies have focused on and proposed several frameworks on the quantitative measures of disaster resilience,and the corresponding research objects include different types of disasters(e.g.,earthquake,hurricane,flood,and fire),various domains(e.g.,engineering,social,and economic),and multiple levels(e.g.,city,community,and building).Among these research objects,studies on seismic resilience in civil engineering are relatively comprehensive.Specifically,studies on resilience in civil engineering have paid significant attention to the dynamics of engineering facilities and the engineering-related social and economic functions,including city-scale engineering,social,and economic functionalities,and essential functionalities of building,transportation,lifeline,and nonphysical subsystems of a city.Consequently,based on the review of resilience studies carried out in recent years,the framework and specifications for the quantification of disaster resilience of civil engineering systems subjected to earthquakes and other unexpected disasters are elaborated.Methods of disaster resilience assessment of cities and the corresponding subsystems are discussed.Furthermore,several case studies are reviewed,and resilience limit-state analyses of communities and buildings are performed.