Archival Examination of the Change in Packaging Materials of Chemical Injections

Based on the deepening awareness of the risk of changing packaging materials of injections,the national regulatory authorities and the China National Pharmaceutical Packaging Association have issued the relevant guidelines and group standards for changing packaging materials in recent years,greatly improving the research and development and technical requirements of packaging materials of injections.In 2021,Guangdong Province carried out the archival examination of the change of listed drugs,among which the proportion of the acceptance of changed injection packaging materials has increased year by year.On the basis of sorting out the archival examination work and combining with the cases of changing packaging materials of chemical injections accepted by Guangdong Province during 2021-2022,the requirements and problems of archival examination were analyzed and discussed to provide a reference and idea for applicants when studying the change in packaging materials.

Drag material change in hot runner injection molding

Quick material change is often encountered for the different colors or kinds of polymer in hot runner injecting molding process. Time costing and incompleteness of material change process often affects the quality and productivity of products. In the practical production, multi injection or white material as the transition material is often adopted for quick material change. Based on the rheological behavior of the new and the previous plastic melt, the researches on the related problems were carried out. The concept of drag material change was originally presented. The physical and mathematical model on the simultaneous flow process of the new and the previous plastic melt in hot runner were built up, which can well explain the influence of the injection speed, pressure, viscosity difference, temperature and mold structure on the drag material change efficiency. When temperature in different position in the mold was increased and adjusted, the viscosity difference between the two kinds of melt can be controlled. Therefore the material change ability can be greatly improved during the whole material change process, getting rid of more and more difficult changing in the late stage.

CH_3NH_3 Formed by Electron Injection at Heterojunction Inducing Peculiar Properties of CH_3NH_3PbI_3 Material

The effect of formed CH_3NH_3 at the heterojunction on properties of CH_3NH_3PbI_3 material is investigated based on experiment and theoretical calculation. Our calculation results show that the giant dielectric constant, anomalous hysteresis and long-lasting polarization for CH_3NH_3PbI_3 originate from the formed CH_3NH_3 at the heterojunction. It is found that the induced weak EPS by the reorientation of CH_3NH_3 sub-group along the built-in electric field enables us to effectively increase the ordering of entire lead-halide framework. In addition, the heterojunction has an advantage of channel separation between carrier transport and electron diffusion. These properties of the heterojunction are the main origin of the high efficiency of CH_3NH_3PbI_3 solar cells.

Development of Flash Setting Material for Temporally Pipeline Restoration after Earthquake

There are many earthquakes in Japan. If a large earthquake were to occur, it is necessary to consider how pipelines such as: gas, sewage, telecommunications, and so on are restored quickly. At that time, damaged gas pipelines are very dangerous because fire in large areas could be caused by the leakage of gas from the damaged pipeline. Accordingly, it is necessary for gas companies to stop the supply of gas to houses over a large area. Once the gas supply is stopped, there is a considerable amount of time to repair the pipelines over the area. For this reason, a quick method for restoring damaged gas pipelines would be useful after an earthquake. Recently, we have been developing new flash setting material for the damaged gas pipeline by an injection into the house connection of gas when the gas supply is stopped quickly in an emergency. From these points of view, in order to clarify to what degree the contents of flash settling material affect the properties of the injected fly ash mixture causing heavy damage to the gas pipeline in an earthquake, different combinations of fly ash, chemical agents and water were considered in several experiments.

注水站高压注水泵盘根盒压帽断裂分析

中原油田高压注水泵盘根盒压帽出现多起断裂事故,给安全生产带来较大风险隐患。通过现场基本情况、压帽化学成分、硬度和金相组织的分析,再加上断口的宏观形貌、微观形貌分析等方法,查找压帽发生断裂原因。结果表明,压帽断裂原因一是由于铸造材质疏松,且存在缺陷;二是由于注水泵高压波动对断裂起到了关键性破坏作用,属于“材质因素和力学因素”共同作用导致的断裂。

基于壳聚糖/银离子的可逆温敏水凝胶的制备与性能

以壳聚糖(CS)和AgNO_(3)为主要原料,通过CS与Ag^(+)的超分子络合作用制备了一系列可逆温敏CS-Ag水凝胶,采用FTIR、XRD、XPS、SEM和EDS对CS-Ag水凝胶的结构和化学状态进行了表征。结果表明,通过同时调节AgNO_(3)用量和体系pH可制备具有相同凝胶温度的CS-Ag水凝胶。当CS用量为0.60 g、AgNO_(3)用量为0.19 g、体系总体积为21 mL、保持水凝胶pH=4.24时,制备的CS-Ag-19水凝胶凝胶温度为50℃,具有最佳的热可逆性能,至少可循环相变5次,具有室温避光保存5个月的稳定性,并表现出对大肠杆菌良好的抗菌性能。CS-Ag-19的溶胶-凝胶转换是由CS的氨基在不同温度下的超分子相互作用控制,H^(+)和Ag^(+)在温度、浓度变化的驱动下,对游离氨基的竞争反应(质子化和络合作用)之间的平衡关系使水凝胶具有温敏可逆性。CS-Ag-19水凝胶的可注射和温敏凝胶性能使其具有作为水凝胶抗菌敷料的应用潜力。

黏性骨在口腔临床治疗中的应用研究进展

在口腔医学领域中,黏性骨(sticky bone)一般指由第二代血浆基质制品可注射型富血小板纤维蛋白(injectable platelet rich fibrin,i-PRF)与一定质量的骨增量材料(bone grafting materials)混合制备而成的凝胶团块状骨移植物。黏性骨既富含血浆基质所提供的生长因子和纤维蛋白支架等组织再生所需基本要素,又具备一定的可塑性,在骨增量、上颌窦底提升和牙槽嵴保存等临床治疗中有着广阔的应用前景。本文总结临床经验和相关研究,对黏性骨的基本情况和目前在临床治疗中应用作一介绍,以期为后续研究提供参考。

缩宫素注射液与氯化钠注射液的配伍稳定性研究

目的:考察缩宫素注射液与氯化钠注射液的配伍稳定性。方法:将缩宫素注射液分别与不同pH及不同内包材的0.9%氯化钠注射液进行配伍,在室温条件下考察配伍溶液的稳定性。结果:配伍溶液的性状、pH、渗透压、不溶性微粒、有关物质和含量均无明显变化。结论:缩宫素注射液与不同pH和不同内包材的0.9%氯化钠注射液配伍后,在24 h内稳定。

基于模压注塑一体工艺的麻纤维零件结构及模具设计

麻纤维复合材料的应用是实现汽车轻量化、汽车行业绿色、可持续发展的重要途径之一。针对麻纤维复合材料应用于汽车复杂零部件难以成型及模具成本高昂的问题,提出一种基于模压注塑一体成型的解决方案。首先将麻纤维/聚丙烯复合材料纤维板加热软化后放入模压注塑一体模具中进行模压成型,模具分型面采用插穿结构替代碰穿结构设计,模压过程通过分型面冲切零件轮廓,对于无法通过模压成型的产品背面定位安装结构和主体参数化特征采用注塑麻纤维/聚丙烯成型。模具采用倒装结构设计,模具定模侧设计热流道浇注系统及顶出机构,型腔设计可替换镶件用于冲裁和注塑主体的参数化特征。零件设计导流道连接产品背部独立的安装结构和主体参数化特征,模压结束后通过定模热流道点浇口填充导流道以成型产品背部独立的安装结构和主体参数化特征,待塑料结构冷却固化后,定模侧由油缸驱动的顶出机构将零件顶出脱离型腔。基于该成型工艺设计了一套模压注塑一体模具并运用于实际生产,通过实践证明,该模具结构稳定可靠,零件质量满足设计要求。

氮中甲苯气体标准物质的研制

介绍了氮中甲苯气体标准物质的制备方法。以高纯氮气和高纯甲苯试剂为原料,采用液体注射法,将高纯甲苯试剂气化注射到钢瓶中,并采用重量法配制目标气体标准物质。采用气相色谱法(FID检测器)对制备的标准物质进行均匀性、稳定性检验,并对定值结果的不确定度进行评定。研制的氮中甲苯气体标准物质标称摩尔分数分别为0.999、5.01、9.23、50.38μmol/mol,相对扩展不确定度为3%(k=2),均匀性和稳定性良好,有效期为12个月。

PC/ABS擦丝问题机理和解决方案研究

针对PC/ABS材料在生产中遇到的擦丝问题,通过丝状物红外分析、皮纹面结构放大分析、注塑工艺对比及材料配方调整研究,发现擦丝问题是由于皮纹表层被剥离后拉长造成,与模具皮纹结构、工艺、材料均有关。研究发现,皮纹面山峰尖锐的,表层受到强剪切的、材料相容性和流动性等较差的会加重该问题。改善方向:工艺上提高料温,降低射速;模具上减少尖锐山峰结构;材料上增加相容性和流动性,选用不同的料源会有改善。

基于机械卫浴注射模质量控制与改进方案研究

随着社会经济的不断发展和人们生活水平的提高,卫浴产品在日常生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。讨论了机械浴室注射模的质量控制与改进,分析了使用寿命短、铸造不均匀等问题,提出了材料质量控制、设计改进、工艺参数控制、结构改进、质检反馈等解决方法。未来的研究方向包括完善质量控制体系、探索新技术、加强与供应商的合作、优化原材料选择、加强员工培训和管理,此外质量改进计划至关重要,应呼吁该行业加强研究和实际应用。

复杂结构零件免喷涂工艺的研究应用

对带孔状结构零件采用精密高光注塑工艺,运用免喷涂材料,实现外观颜色件的成型,达到汽车造型设计要求,同时实现了整车成本的降低,满足了电动汽车绿色出行的设计理念。通过采用独立模温控制的针阀热流道设计,解决了带孔状复杂结构零件的熔接线问题,同时改进金属粉的形状和颗粒大小,结合高温成型,解决了表面流痕,达到A级表面效果。

A strategy to obtain a high-density and high-strength zirconia ceramic via ceramic injection molding by the modification of oleic acid

Despite its unique high efficiency and good environmental compatibility, the water-soluble binder system still encounters problems achieving a desired sintered part via ceramic injection molding because of the poor compatibility and the powder-binder segregation between ceramic powders and binders. The objective of this study was to obtain a sintered part with excellent properties by introducing a small quantity of oleic acid to the surface of zirconia powders before the mixing process. As opposed to many previous investigations that focused only on the rheological behavior and modification mechanism, the sintering behavior and densification process were systematically investigated in this study. With the modified powders, debound parts with a more homogeneous and smaller pore size distribution were fabricated. Also, a higher density and greater flexural strength were achieved in the sintered parts fabricated using the modified powders.

Preparation of Ti-Mo getters by injection molding

Ti-Mo getters have been fabricated via metal injection molding (MIM) using three kinds of Ti powders with different mean particle sizes of 46 μm,35 μm and 26 μm,respectively. The surface morphology,porosity,and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters formed by MIM using paraffin wax as a principal binder constituent were examined. It has been proven that the powder injection molding is a viable forming technique for porous Ti-Mo getters. The particle size of Ti powders and the powder loading influence the porosity of getters,and this affects the sorption capacity of Ti-Mo getters. Ti-Mo getters produced with the Ti powders possessing a mean particle size of 35 μm using a powder loading of 40 vol.% have a high porosity,resulting in a good sorption capacity.

Injection molding of ultra-fine Si_3N_4 powder for gas-pressure sintering

The ceramic injection molding technique was used in the gas-pressure sintering of ultra-fine Si3N4 powder. The feedstock＇s flowability, debinding rate, defect evolution, and microstructural evolution during production were explored. The results show that the solid volume loading of less than 50vol% and the surfactant mass fraction of 6wt% result in a perfect flowability of feedstock; this feedstock is suitable for injection molding. When the debinding time is 8 h at 40°C, approximately 50% of the wax can be solvent debinded. Defects detected during the preparation are traced to improper injection parameters, mold design, debinding parameters, residual stress, or inhomogeneous composition distribution in the green body. The bulk density, Vickers hardness, and fracture toughness of the gas-pressure-sintered Si3N4 ceramic reach 3.2 g/cm^3, 16.5 GPa, and 7.2 MPa·m^1/2, respectively.

Investigation of flue gas water-alternating gas (flue gas–WAG) injection for enhanced oil recovery and multicomponent flue gas storage in the post-waterflooding reservoir

Flue gas fooding is one of the important technologies to improve oil recovery and achieve greenhouse gas storage.In order to study multicomponent fue gas storage capacity and enhanced oil recovery(EOR)performance of fue gas water-alternating gas(fue gas-WAG)injection after continuous waterfooding in an oil reservoir,a long core fooding system was built.The experimental results showed that the oil recovery factor of fue gas-WAG fooding was increased by 21.25%after continuous waterfooding and fue gas-WAG fooding could further enhance oil recovery and reduce water cut signifcantly.A novel material balance model based on storage mechanism was developed to estimate the multicomponent fue gas storage capacity and storage capacity of each component of fue gas in reservoir oil,water and as free gas in the post-waterfooding reservoir.The ultimate storage ratio of fue gas is 16%in the fue gas-WAG fooding process.The calculation results of fue gas storage capacity showed that the injection gas storage capacity mainly consists of N_(2) and CO_(2),only N_(2) exists as free gas phase in cores,and other components of injection gas are dissolved in oil and water.Finally,injection strategies from three perspectives for fue gas storage,EOR,and combination of fue gas storage and EOR were proposed,respectively.

Manufacturing of Injection-Molded NdFeB Magnet with (BH)max111 kJ · m-3

The bonded NdFeB magnets prepared by injection molding meet with the development tendency of the magnet in small volume, light weight and high performance ,and have a good prospect.In this paper, a modified nylonbased binder was developed for powder injection molding of NdFeB bonded magnets.The effects of pretreatment of NdFeB anisotropic magnetic powder produced with HDDR processing on the anti-oxidation behaviors of powder and the final magnetic properties of the molded bonded magnets were studied.The optimal powder loading of 65 vol% was achieved with the modified binder.It was found that the properties of the bonded magnets were mainly affected by the powder surface pretreatment and the intensity of the applied alignment magnetic field during injection molding for a certain powder.Bonded magnets with remanence of 0.820 T, intrinsic coercivity of 1140.3 kA· m-1 and maximum energy product of 111 kJ · m-3 were produced with the optimal processing.

A New Method for the Dynamic Reserves of Gas Condensate Reservoir Using Cyclic Gas Injection Based on the Effects of Reinjection Ratio and Water Influx

As we all know, cyclic gas injection is one of the most effective development methods to improve condensate oil recovery. When dealing with the calculation of the reserves, the injection-production differences and water influx create great influence on the accuracy. Based on the existing research, we proposed a new material balance equation which considered the differences of composition between produced and injected fluids and the effect of water influx, and a solution was provided in this paper. The results of the method are closer to the actual situation because they are built on the law of conservation of mass, and the using of curve fitting method can not only avoid the use of water influx coefficient but also obtain the water influx rate and reserves at the same time. The YH-23 gas condensate reservoir is taking as a typical subject to do the research, which has been exploited by cycle gas injection for 14 years. Three different methods are used to calculate the reserves, and the results show that the method proposed in this paper has minimum error of 2.96%.

Effects of Current-Injection on Superconductivity of YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) in La_(0.8)Te_(0.2)MnO_3/YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)Bilayer

La_(0.8)Te_(0.2)MnO_3/YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)(F/S)bilayers were fabricated by electrophoretic technique. The thickness of La_(0.8)Te_(0.2)MnO_3 is ~70 μm, the dimensions of YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) superconductor are 5 mm×10 mm×0.5 mm. The image of cross-sectional profile was measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Standard four-probe method was used for YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ) superconducting resistance measurements. Either 1 mA current is injected from S layer to F layer ((+I_(inj))) or from F layer to S layer (-I_(inj)),the normal resistance is lower than that without current injection. The critical transition temperature is higher than that without current injection.