The phenomenon of planar cell polarity is critically required for a myriad of morphogenetic processes in metazoan and is accurately controlled by several conserved modules.Six“core”proteins,including Friz zled,Flami...The phenomenon of planar cell polarity is critically required for a myriad of morphogenetic processes in metazoan and is accurately controlled by several conserved modules.Six“core”proteins,including Friz zled,Flamingo(Celsr),Van Gogh(Vangl),Dishevelled,Prickle,and Diego(Ankrd6),are major components of the Wnt/planar cell polarity pathway.The Fat/Dchs protocadherins and the Scrib polarity complex also function to instruct cellular polarization.In vertebrates,all these pathways are essential for tissue and organ morphogenesis,such as neural tube closure,left-right symmetry breaking,heart and gut morphogenesis,lung and kidney branching,stereociliary bundle orientation,and proximal-distal limb elongation.Mutations in planar polarity genes are closely linked to various congenital diseases.Striking advances have been made in deciphering their contribution to the establishment of spatially oriented pattern in developing or gans and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis.The challenge remains to clarify the complex interplay of different polarity pathways in organogenesis and the link of cell polarity to cell fate specification.Inter disciplinary approaches are also important to understand the roles of mechanical forces in coupling cellular polarization and differentiation.This review outlines current advances on planar polarity regulators in asymmetric organ formation,with the aim to identify questions that deserve further investigation.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 32070813)the French Muscular Dystrophy Association (AFM-Telethon grant number 23545)+1 种基金the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifiquethe Sorbonne University
文摘The phenomenon of planar cell polarity is critically required for a myriad of morphogenetic processes in metazoan and is accurately controlled by several conserved modules.Six“core”proteins,including Friz zled,Flamingo(Celsr),Van Gogh(Vangl),Dishevelled,Prickle,and Diego(Ankrd6),are major components of the Wnt/planar cell polarity pathway.The Fat/Dchs protocadherins and the Scrib polarity complex also function to instruct cellular polarization.In vertebrates,all these pathways are essential for tissue and organ morphogenesis,such as neural tube closure,left-right symmetry breaking,heart and gut morphogenesis,lung and kidney branching,stereociliary bundle orientation,and proximal-distal limb elongation.Mutations in planar polarity genes are closely linked to various congenital diseases.Striking advances have been made in deciphering their contribution to the establishment of spatially oriented pattern in developing or gans and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis.The challenge remains to clarify the complex interplay of different polarity pathways in organogenesis and the link of cell polarity to cell fate specification.Inter disciplinary approaches are also important to understand the roles of mechanical forces in coupling cellular polarization and differentiation.This review outlines current advances on planar polarity regulators in asymmetric organ formation,with the aim to identify questions that deserve further investigation.
