Inhibiting Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation via Immobilization of Heparin/Fibronectin Complexes on Titanium Surfaces

The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of heparin/fibronectin （Hep/Fn） complexes on neointimal hyperplasia following endovascular intervention. Hep/Fn complexes were immobilized onto titanium （Ti） surfaces, with subsequent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, Toluidine Blue 0 （TBO） and immunohistochemistry methods were used to characterize surface properties. Smooth muscle cell （SMC） cultures were used to evaluate the effect of Hep/Fn complexes on SMC proliferation. Results showed that Hep/Fn complexes successfully immobilized onto Ti surfaces and resulted in an inhibition of SMC proliferation. This study suggests that Hep/Fn surface-immobilized biomaterials develop as a new generation of biomaterials to prevent neointimal hyperplasia, particularly for use in cardiovascular implants.

Effect of Phosphates on the Metal Ion Activated Surface Complexes at the SiO_2-H_2O Interface and in Quartz Deactivation in Flotation System

The complexation of phosphates in the quartz-metal ion-H_2O-oleate system was studied. Computer assisted calculations with the aid of the advanced program SOLGASWATER and known equilibrium constants were used to evaluate the mechanism,The calculation results revealed that in the presence of a certain amount of phosphates, metal ions adsorbed at the quartz-H_2O interface will be transferred into solution.Thus the competi- tion for metal ions between phosphates and the quartz surface leads to surface deactivation and re- duced floatability.Various distribution diagrams clearly demonstrate the change of surface complexation as a function of added phosphate concentration.The deactivation products were also evaluated.

Prestack Gaussian beam depth migration under complex surface conditions

In areas with a complex surface,the acquisition and processing of seismic data is a great challenge.Although elevation-static corrections can be used to eliminate the influences of topography,the distortions of seismic wavefields caused by simple vertical time shifts still greatly degrade the quality of the migrated images.Ray-based migration methods which can extrapolate and image the wavefields directly from the rugged topography are efficient ways to solve the problems mentioned above.In this paper,we carry out a study of prestack Gaussian beam depth migration under complex surface conditions.We modify the slant stack formula in order to contain the information of surface elevations and get an improved method with more accuracy by compositing local plane-wave components directly from the complex surface.First,we introduce the basic rules and computational procedures of conventional Gaussian beam migration.Then,we give the original method of Gaussian beam migration under complex surface conditions and an improved method in this paper.Finally,we validate the effectiveness of the improved method with trials of model and real data.

COMPLEX SURFACE RECONSTRUCTION BASED ON OBJECT-ORIENTED DEVELOPING TOOL VBA

Taking AutoCAD2000 as platform, an algorithm for the reconstruction ofsurface from scattered data points based on VBA is presented. With this core technology customerscan be free from traditional AutoCAD as an electronic board and begin to create actual presentationof real-world objects. VBA is not only a very powerful tool of development, but with very simplesyntax. Associating with those solids, objects and commands of AutoCAD 2000, VBA notably simplifiesprevious complex algorithms, graphical presentations and processing, etc. Meanwhile, it can avoidappearance of complex data structure and data format in reverse design with other modeling software.Applying VBA to reverse engineering can greatly improve modeling efficiency and facilitate surfacereconstruction.

Three-dimensional Potential Energy Surface and Bound States of the Ar2-Ne Complex

The first three-dimensional interaction potential energy surface （PES） of the Ar2-Ne complex is developed using the single and double excitation coupled cluster theory with noniterative treatment of triple excitations CCSD（T）. The aug-cc-pVQZ basis sets are employed for all atoms, including an additional （3s3p2d2flg） set of midpoint bond functions. The calculated single point energies are fitted to an analytic two-dimensional potential model at each of seven fixed rAr~ values. The seven model potentials are then used to construct the three- dimensional PES by interpolating along （r-re） using a sixth-order polynomial. The PES is used in the following rovibrational energy levels calculations. The comparisons of theoretical transition frequencies and spectroscopic constants with the experimental results are given.

Path Planning Method Based on D^(*) lite Algorithm for Unmanned Surface Vehicles in Complex Environments

In recent decades,path planning for unmanned surface vehicles(USVs)in complex environments,such as harbours and coastlines,has become an important concern.The existing algorithms for real-time path planning for USVs are either too slow at replanning or unreliable in changing environments with multiple dynamic obstacles.In this study,we developed a novel path planning method based on the D^(*) lite algorithm for real-time path planning of USVs in complex environments.The proposed method has the following advantages:(1)the computational time for replanning is reduced significantly owing to the use of an incremental algorithm and a new method for modelling dynamic obstacles;(2)a constrained artificial potential field method is employed to enhance the safety of the planned paths;and(3)the method is practical in terms of vehicle performance.The performance of the proposed method was evaluated through simulations and compared with those of existing algorithms.The simulation results confirmed the efficiency of the method for real-time path planning of USVs in complex environments.

Programmable robotized‘transfer-and-jet’printing for large,3D curved electronics on complex surfaces

Large,3D curved electronics are a trend of the microelectronic industry due to their unique ability to conformally coexist with complex surfaces while retaining the electronic functions of 2D planar integrated circuit technologies.However,these curved electronics present great challenges to the fabrication processes.Here,we propose a reconfigurable,mask-free,conformal fabrication strategy with a robot-like system,called robotized‘transfer-and-jet’printing,to assemble diverse electronic devices on complex surfaces.This novel method is a ground-breaking advance with the unique capability to integrate rigid chips,flexible electronics,and conformal circuits on complex surfaces.Critically,each process,including transfer printing,inkjet printing,and plasma treating,are mask-free,digitalized,and programmable.The robotization techniques,including measurement,surface reconstruction and localization,and path programming,break through the fundamental constraints of 2D planar microfabrication in the context of geometric shape and size.The transfer printing begins with the laser lift-off of rigid chips or flexible electronics from donor substrates,which are then transferred onto a curved surface via a dexterous robotic palm.Then the robotic electrohydrodynamic printing directly writes submicrometer structures on the curved surface.Their permutation and combination allow versatile conformal microfabrication.Finally,robotized hybrid printing is utilized to successfully fabricate a conformal heater and antenna on a spherical surface and a flexible smart sensing skin on a winged model,where the curved circuit,flexible capacitive and piezoelectric sensor arrays,and rigid digital–analog conversion chips are assembled.Robotized hybrid printing is an innovative printing technology,enabling additive,noncontact and digital microfabrication for 3D curved electronics.

Response surface methodology-based hybrid robust design optimization for complex product under mixed uncertainties

Minimizing the impact of the mixed uncertainties(i.e.,the aleatory uncertainty and the epistemic uncertainty) for a complex product of compliant mechanism(CPCM) quality improvement signifies a fascinating research topic to enhance the robustness.However, most of the existing works in the CPCM robust design optimization neglect the mixed uncertainties, which might result in an unstable design or even an infeasible design. To solve this issue, a response surface methodology-based hybrid robust design optimization(RSM-based HRDO) approach is proposed to improve the robustness of the quality characteristic for the CPCM via considering the mixed uncertainties in the robust design optimization. A bridge-type amplification mechanism is used to manifest the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The comparison results prove that the proposed approach can not only keep its superiority in the robustness, but also provide a robust scheme for optimizing the design parameters.

Differential Scheme for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Based Spatial Modulation System

In this paper,a differential scheme is proposed for reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)assisted spatial modulation,which is referred to as RISDSM,to eliminate the need for channel state information(CSI)at the receiver.The proposed scheme is an improvement over the current differential modulation scheme used in RIS-based systems,as it avoids the high-order matrix calculation and improves the spectral efficiency.A mathematical framework is developed to determine the theoretical average bit error probability(ABEP)of the system using RIS-DSM.The detection complexity of the proposed RIS-DSM scheme is extremely low through the simplification.Finally,simulations results demonstrate that the proposed RIS-DSM scheme can deliver satisfactory error performance even in low signal-to-noise ratio environments.

One Novel Mn(Ⅱ)Complex with 1-Substituted-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylic Acid:Crystal Structure,Fluorescence and Hirshfeld Surface Analysis

The crystal structure of one novel Mn（II） complex, [Mn（pmta）_3]_2[Mn（H_2O）_6]·4H_2O（1）, is reported（Hpmta = 5-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylic acid）. In the title compound, the asymmetric unit consists of a [Mn（pmta_）3]ˉ anion, half [Mn（H_2O）_6]^（2＋） counter cation and two lattice H_2O molecules, and the intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds connect the complex into a supramolecular structure. The liquid-state fluorescence spectra of complex 1 have been determined. Hirshfeld surface analysis was also studied. The main intermolecular interactions in the complex are O···H and H···H contacts.

Research on Extraction Method of Surface Information Based on Multi-Feature Combination Such as Fractal Texture

Because of the developed economy and lush vegetation in southern China, the following obstacles or difficulties exist in remote sensing land surface classification: 1) Diverse surface composition types;2) Undulating terrains;3) Small fragmented land;4) Indistinguishable shadows of surface objects. It is our top priority to clarify how to use the concept of big data (Data mining technology) and various new technologies and methods to make complex surface remote sensing information extraction technology develop in the direction of automation, refinement and intelligence. In order to achieve the above research objectives, the paper takes the Gaofen-2 satellite data produced in China as the data source, and takes the complex surface remote sensing information extraction technology as the research object, and intelligently analyzes the remote sensing information of complex surface on the basis of completing the data collection and preprocessing. The specific extraction methods are as follows: 1) extraction research on fractal texture features of Brownian motion;2) extraction research on color features;3) extraction research on vegetation index;4) research on vectors and corresponding classification. In this paper, fractal texture features, color features, vegetation features and spectral features of remote sensing images are combined to form a combination feature vector, which improves the dimension of features, and the feature vector improves the difference of remote sensing features, and it is more conducive to the classification of remote sensing features, and thus it improves the classification accuracy of remote sensing images. It is suitable for remote sensing information extraction of complex surface in southern China. This method can be extended to complex surface area in the future.

Surface Modification of Cu-Cr Complex by NIR and MIR Laser

Irradiated by infrared laser, the surface reducibility and adsorbability of Cu-Cr complex could be improved, owing to the interaction of photo-fragmentation and laser texturing. Analyzed by the binding energy spectra and the auger spectra, the valence states of chromium ion and copper ion were+3 and+1 after radiation respectively, which still had the reducibility to release electrons. In contrast with the near-infrared(NIR)1 064 nm and mid-infrared(MIR) 10 600 nm laser at the same average output power of 15 W, the reduced metal percentage in the Cu-Cr complex was obviously distinguished at the depth from nanometer to micron. After chemical plating, the average coating thickness and mean-square deviation of the NIR sample were 11.61 μm and 0.30 for copper layer, and 2.69 μm and 0.08 for nickel layer. The results were much better than those of the MIR sample.

VALIDATION OF NEAR-SURFACE WINDS OBTAINED BY A HYBRID WRF/CALMET MODELING SYSTEM OVER A COASTAL ISLAND WITH COMPLEX TERRAIN

The results from a hybrid approach that combines a mesoscale meteorological model with a diagnostic model to produce high-resolution wind fields in complex coastal topography are evaluated.The diagnostic wind model(California Meteorological Model,CALMET) with 100-m horizontal spacing was driven with outputs from the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model to obtain near-surface winds for the 1-year period from 12 September 2003 to 11 September 2004.Results were compared with wind observations at four sites.Traditional statistical scores,including correlation coefficients,standard deviations(SDs) and mean absolute errors(MAEs),indicate that the wind estimates from the WRF/CALMET modeling system are produced reasonably well.The correlation coefficients are relatively large,ranging from 0.5 to 0.7 for the zonal wind component and from 0.75 to 0.85 for the meridional wind component.MAEs for wind speed range from 1.5 to 2.0 m s-1 at 10 meters above ground level(AGL) and from 2.0 to 2.5 m s-1 at 60 m AGL.MAEs for wind direction range from 30 to 40 degrees at both levels.A spectral decomposition of the time series of wind speed shows positive impacts of CALMET in improving the mesoscale winds.Moreover,combining the CALMET model with WRF significantly improves the spatial variability of the simulated wind fields.It can be concluded that the WRF/CALMET modeling system is capable of providing a detailed near-surface wind field,but the physics in the diagnostic CALMET model needs to be further improved.

THE INTRINSIC ACIDITY CONSTANTS AND SPECIFIC SURFACE AREA OF MARINE SOLID PARTICLES II. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INTRINSIC ACIDITY CONSTANT AND THE TERNARY SURFACE COMPLEX

This paper deals with the infrared spectra of " amino acid- clay , calcium carbonate and y-AlOOH" and " Cu (II )-clay-amino acid" model systems, and shows that the model of the ternary surface complex is M-OHLCu (L = amino acid) for marine solid particle-Cu (II)-amino acid. Study of the formation mechanism of the ternary surface complex shows that the specific surface area , and especially the intrinsic acidity constant, determine whether the ternary surface complex is easily formed, and that factor, FTSC,quantifies the relationship between the promoting effect of organics on Mt-marine solid particle ion exchange and the intrinsic acidity constant and specific surface area.

Research on Ultrasonic NDT System for Complex Surface Parts

Aimed at inner quality controlling for complex surface parts, an ultrasonic testing system for complex surface parts has been developed using ultrasonic NDT(Non-destructive Testing)which has features of strong penetration, well direction, high sensitivity, low cost, and harmless to people and material. The technologies of the computer, NC (Numerical control), precision mechanism, signal analysis and processing were integrated in the testing system. The system includes a PC, system software, ultrasonic data acquisition card, stepper motor drive card and five-axis precision mechanical device, etc. The software was developed using WIN98-based VC++. According to CAD data of the parts and interpolation methods, the scanning programs can be programmed. The five-axis scanning system is driven by the CNC(computer numerical control) system to control the attitude of ultrasonic probes. The system’s automatic scanning for complex surface parts, real-time acquiring ultrasonic data and automatic identifying flaw signal have been realized. This system can be used not only for testing complex surface parts, but for testing random curve parts. With fast testing speed, high sensitivity, high testing precision and high reliability, the system has a wide adaptability.

Photocatalytic reaction kinetics model based on electrical double layer theory Ⅲ.Surface complexation model of methyl orange adsorption on TiO_2 surface

Based on the infrared characterization of methyl orange adsorption on TiO 2 surface and the titration of TiO 2, the triple layer model of methyl orange adsorption on TiO 2 was established according to electric double theory. The software FITEQL3.1 was applied to calculate the distribution of organic adsorption on TiO 2 surface by introducing dummy components to help to overcome mathematical difficulties. It is shown that the chem. adsorption species of methyl orange have a great adsorption amount. The adsorption constants of three kinds of surface complexation expressed as SOH +org -,SOH 2org 2 and SOHorg - are 5.98, 17.57 and -4.2, respectively.

STUDIES OF SURFACE PHOTOVOLTAGE PROPERTIES AND CHARGE TRANSFER ON TRANSITION METAL PORPHYRIN COMPLEX （Ⅰ）

Photovoltage properties and charge transfer process of tailed porpbyrin Mn(Ⅲ) complex. meso-mono-|o-(4-diethylamino) butyramidophenyl| triphenyl porphyrin Mn(Ⅲ) (MDBPTPPMn(Ⅲ)Cl) were investigated by surface photovoltage spectrum (SPS)and field modulation surface photovoltage spectrum (FMSPS). Furthermore, its absorption spectra in near-ultraviolet and near-infrared that have been disputed are given a new assignment in this paper.

Research on ultrasonic detection of complex surfaces

Parts of complex surface are widely used now in many fields, and their detection has caused much concern. In China many manufactories still carry on the traditional way of manual detection, which requires highly skilled personnel and efficiency is low. Some large manufactories have imported auto-detecting equipments, which require CAD data on the parts, or just divide the surface into several approximate planes for automatic detection. Phased-array system is seldom used, and the cost is high. Besides, most of the systems have not considered the automatic sensitivity compensation of parts with varying thickness. To improve the detection quality and efficiency of nondestructive test (NDT) of parts of complex surface, this paper puts forward an integrated ultrasonic NDT system characterized by: (1) Use of ultrasonic measurement and reverse of curved surface to solve the CAD data problem; (2) Use of an automatic sensitivity compensation algorithm (based on the part’s modelling information obtained in surface reverse) to fit the variety of the thickness; (3) Use of template matching and pseudo-color imaging to improve the quality of detection results. The system features integration of low cost mature technologies, and is suitable for detection of various parts of different complex surfaces in medium-and-small enterprises. The test results showed that the system can automatically detect parts of complex surface successfully, and that the inspection result is good and reliable.

Inner-Sphere Reorganization Eneregy For Metal Ion-Benzene Complex in Electron-Transfer Process

Based on the capture force field potential model and the adiabatic invariant proposed by Bates, adopting improved average dipole orientation (IADO) theory, the force constants between transition metal ions and benzene (bz) and also a series of inner-sphere reoganization energy (REin) were calculated. The reasons for the differences between theoretical predictions and experimental results were discussed.

Traveltime tomography and prestack depth migration for vertical seismic profiling of an angle-domain walkaway on a complex surface

Walkaway VSP cannot obtain accurate velocity field,as it asymmetrically reflects ray path and provides uneven coverage to underground target,thereby presenting issues related to imaging quality.In this study,we propose combining traveltime tomography and prestack depth migration for VSP of an angle-domain walkaway,in a bid to establish accurate two-dimensional and three-dimensional(3 D)velocity models.First,residual curvature was defined to update velocity,and an accurate velocity field was established.To establish a high-precision velocity model,we deduced the relationship between the residual depth and traveltime of common imaging gathers(CIGs)in walkaway VSP.Solving renewal velocity using the least squares method,a four-parameter tomographic inversion equation was derived comprising formation dip angle,incidence angle,residual depth,and sensitivity matrix.In the angle domain,the reflected wave was divided into up-and down-transmitted waves and their traveltimes were calculated.The systematic cumulative method was employed in prestack depth migration of a complex surface.Through prestack depth migration,the offset-domain CIGs were obtained,and dip angle was established by defining the stack section horizon.Runge–Kutta ray tracing was employed to calculate the ray path from the reflection point to the detection point,to determine the incident angle,and to subsequently calculate the ray path from the reflection point to the irregular surface.The offset-domain residual depths were mapped to the angle domain,and a new tomographic equation was established and solved.Application in the double complex area of the Tarim Basin showed the four-parameter tomographic inversion equation derived in this paper to be both correct and practical and that the migration algorithm was able to adapt to the complex surface.