New-concept Design Innovation of Passenger Station Construction for Qinghe Railway Station of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR

Qinghe Railway Station is the largest passenger station along the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR and will serve as the originating station of this line during the A 2022 Winter Olympics.It is also one of the eight major passenger stations in.Beijing.During the construction of this station,all units involved in the construction have made their effors to learn and understand the new concept of building up a“well-connected,filly-integrated,environment-friendly,passenger-oriented,economically-efficient,culturally-rich,inelligent and convenient”passenger station in the new era.Qinghe Railway Station of the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR was completed and opened to traffic by the end of 2019 through exploration of new-concept design innovation for passenger station construction in the new era,which was widely praised by the general public.The paper summarizes how the new design concept of passenger station construction is innovated and implemented during the construction of Qinghe Railway Station,thus providing a reference for the future construction of passenger stations.

An Innovative Design of Incubator Structure for Cell Culture

In view of the problems of the traditional cell incubator,such as the small range of cell culture types,the inability to adjust the internal space of the incubator according to needs,and the inconvenient sampling,this study innovatively designed a cell incubator structure.It proposed a new design concept that can solve the above-mentioned shortcomings.The cell incubator after the new structural modification can adjust the internal space structure of cell culture by setting the bolt-fixed connection between the fixed plate and the vessel divider.It realizes the cultivation of various cells through refrigeration modules and heating modules.Through setting a sampling hole in the glass inner door,it is favorable for operators to take samples,making cell culture more convenient and efficient.

Design of Multifunctional Milk Powder Spoon Based on Environment-friendly and Developmental Concept

Recycling of junks is positive for the environmental protection.Along with the proposal of three-child policy,purchase volume of milk powder surely will experience a drastic growth,and the milk powder spoon as an affiliated product will win the attention of parents.Against the background of consumption upgrading,consumers have had higher requirements on the humanization and safety design of products.Most of milk powder spoons on the market are plastic,and the disposal of waste milk powder spoon has gradually become a burden for the environment.Based on the environment-friendly and developmental concept,and also the characteristics of infant development,this paper proposed the“in-one”design,applied color and tactile designs into the milk powder design,chose food grade silicone to make the milk powder spoon not only a spoon but also a baby teether toy,so as to expand the service life and functions of the product,meet the requirements of saving energy,protecting environment and developing circular economy,which also to some extent reduces the burden on environment brought by plastics,improves the efficiency of junk recycling,and meet the individualized needs of consumers.

Innovative Design and Management in the Context of Virtual-Real Scenarios

From virtual technology,the Internet to the meta-universe,around the creation of virtual and real isomorphism and immersive experience venues,an innovative integration model and innovative design concept integrating the three major fields of"science and technology+art+culture"have been opened,and the method of today's design industry management model has also been shaped.The author,ground on design originality and experience,intends to source feasible exhibition design tactics from the"presence"design and implementation project that integrates immersive display and performances.From this,efforts are invested in sorting specific innovative design patterns referring to ongoing cases of Metaverse,thereby charting course for prospective design projects.

A Finite and Instantaneous Screw Based Approach for Topology Design and Kinematic Analysis of 5-Axis Parallel Kinematic Machines

Unifying the models for topology design and kinematic analysis has long been a desire for the research of parallel kinematic machines(PKMs). This requires that analytical description, formulation and operation for both finite and instantaneous motions are performed by the same mathematical tool. Based upon finite and instantaneous screw theory, a unified and systematic approach for topology design and kinematic analysis of PKMs is proposed in this paper. Using the derivative mapping between finite and instantaneous screws built in the authors' previous work, the finite and instantaneous motions of PKMs are analytically described by the simple and non?redundant screws in quasi?vector and vector forms. And topological and parametric models of PKMs are algebraically formulated and related. These related topological and parametric models are ready to do type synthesis and kinematic analysis of PKMs under the unified framework of screw theory. In order to show the validity of the proposed approach, a kind of two?translational and three?rotational(2T3R)5?axis PKMs is taken as example. Numerous new structures of the 2T3R PKMs are synthe?sized as the results of topology design, and their Jacobian matrix is obtained easily for parameter optimization and performance evaluation. Some of the synthesized PKMs have outstanding capabilities in terms of large workspaces and flexible orientations, and have great potential for industrial applications of machining and manufacture. Among them, METROM PKM is a typical example which has attracted a lot of attention from global companies and already been developed as commercial products. The approach is a general and unified approach that can be used in the innovative design of different kinds of PKMs.

Triple-Helix Structured Model Based on Problem-Knowledge-Solution Co-evolution for Innovative Product Design Process

A design problem with deficient information is generally described as wicked or ill-defined.The information insufficiency leaves designers with loose settings,free environments,and a lack of strict boundaries,which provides them with more opportunities to facilitate innovation.Therefore,to capture the opportunity behind the uncertainty of a design problem,this study models an innovative design as a composite solving process,where the problem is clarified and resolved from fuzziness to satisfying solutions by interplay among design problems,knowledge,and solutions.Additionally,a triple-helix structured model for the innovative product design process is proposed based on the co-evolution of the problem,solution,and knowledge spaces,to provide designers with a distinct design strategy and method for innovative design.The three spaces interact and co-evolve through iterative mappings,including problem structuring,knowledge expansion,and solution generation.The mappings carry the information processing and decision-making activities of the design,and create the path to satisfying solutions.Finally,a case study of a reactor coolant flow distribution device is presented to demonstrate the practicability of this model and the method for innovative product design.

Design Theory and Method of Complex Products:A Review

Design is a high-level and complex thinking activity of human beings,using existing knowledge and technology to solve problems and create new things.With the rise and development of intelligent manufacturing,design has increasingly reflected its importance in the product life cycle.Firstly,the concept and connotation of complex product design is expounded systematically,and the different types of design are discussed.The four schools of design theory are introduced,including universal design,axiomatic design,TRIZ and general design.Then the research status of complex product design is analyzed,such as innovative design,digital design,modular design,reliability optimization design,etc.Finally,three key scientific issues worthy of research in the future are indicated,and five research trends of“newer,better,smarter,faster,and greener”are summarized,aiming to provide references for the equipment design and manufacturing industry.

Special Issue on Innovative Design of Complex Products

With the development of science and technology as well as the diversification and individualization of market demand,modern products update more and more rapidly.e rapid development of new products to satisfy the increasingly improved and personalized customer demands greatly depends on the progress in the innovative design theory and performance

Household Drill Innovative Design under the Guidance of Ergonomics

The household drill is named 90 Degree, designed by Industrial Design Pilot Program Center(Hereinafter referred to as IDPPC) of Luxun Academy of Fine Arts(Hereinafter referred to as LAFA), which is the only national pilot program center in Chinese industrial design field. 90 Degree is designed for home environment, it helps inexperience users, such as women and the elderly, complete the operation easily, and it makes sure that safe operation and assistance users solve the precise punching, location, storage trash and other operations. According to research among users who can understand or manipulate a drill, the designers find problems of users from the user central perspective, and then they integrate product innovative design methods to propose solutions. When the designers intend to design 90 Degree, they attempt using the user behavior record and analysis system, and start ergonomics study in subjects by double hands operation analysis, using gesture analysis, details of work analysis, time and motion study, etc; meanwhile taking advantages of user experience analysis, behavior intention analysis to do user subjective perceptual evaluation. The functions, structure, shape, color, material, details of 90 Degree should be consistent with the standard of usability evaluation. There are two characteristics in 90 Degree, the first one is a transparent cover installed in front of the drill, which can collect the dust, rubbish when drilling and keep the work environment clean. So it is applicable for households. When the transparent cover of the drill is removed, it also can be used as a normal hand drill; the second one is the shape of 90 Degree makes it and the operating surface fitting together, thus enhancing the stability in operation, so it is best for inexperienced users. When 90 Degree contacts with the operating surface, it can emit the laser ray which helps the user to punch accurately, and make array punch more easily. After obtaining the data, charts, creating Shadow observation by the designers, they make a comprehensive evaluation on research results; verification advantages of 90 Degree meet the requirement of usability, reducing operating failure rate; and increasing safety factors. 90 Degree, in 2011, wined German Red Dot Design Award, which had become a representative excellent design example to resolve several drilling difficulties. The designers introduce ergonomics theory into design practice, and use scientific program and methods to evaluate the products which is useful to the development and promotion of products.

Internet Based Collaborative Product Conceptual Design

Generation of Product Concept needs to give full play to the designers’ innovative potential and collaborative work of experts in different fields. However, the collaborative innovative capabilities of geographically distributed designers are often limited and hindered by space and time. Therefore, on the basis of the requirements analysis of Internet based collaborative conceptual design and the research work we have done, this paper proposes the overall framework of supporting collaborative conceptual design on Internet. Based on this overall framework, the authors further put forward collaborative conceptual design process model that includes three stages: concept generation, concept communication and optimal product concept selection. At the end of the paper, the experiment environment of collaborative design is described. The overall framework and collaborative conceptual design process model proposed can take full advantage of Internet and give full play to experts’ experiences and wisdom, so that the rapid development and innovative design of product can be provided with effectively and efficiently implemental mode and support on Internet.

基于创新能力培养的机械设计实验教学改革

培养大学生的工程实践能力和创新能力是当前高等教育的重要任务,机械设计实验是提高工科大学生创新能力的重要环节。针对当前高校机械设计实验教学中普遍存在的问题,提出"以学生为主体,以教师为主导"的实验教学模式,建构知识和能力并重的多层次实验教学体系,为培养学生的创新意识打下坚实的基础。

Exploring Barriers and Opportunities in Adopting Crowdsourcing Based New Product Development in Manufacturing SMEs

Crowdsourcing is an innovative business practice of obtaining needed services, ideas, or content or even funds by soliciting contributions from a large group of people(the ‘Crowd'). The potential benefits of utilizing crowdsourcing in product design are well-documented, but little research exists on what are the barriers and opportunities in adopting crowdsourcing in new product development(NPD) of manufacturing SMEs. In order to answer the above questions, a Proof of Market study is carried out on crowdsourcing-based product design under an Innovate UK funded Smart project, which aims at identifying the needs, challenges and future development opportunities associated with adopting crowdsourcing strategies for NPD. The research findings from this study are reported here and can be used to guide future development of crowdsourcing-based collaborative design methods and tools and provide some practical references for industry to adopt this new and emerging collaborative design method in their business.

The Equilibrium of Fractional Derivative and Second Derivative: The Mechanics of a Power-Law Visco-Elastic Solid

This paper investigates the equilibrium of fractional derivative and 2nd derivative, which occurs if the original function is damped (damping of a power-law viscoelastic solid with viscosities η of 0 ≤ η ≤ 1), where the fractional derivative corresponds to a force applied to the solid (e.g. an impact force), and the second derivative corresponds to acceleration of the solid’s centre of mass, and therefore to the inertial force. Consequently, the equilibrium satisfies the principle of the force equilibrium. Further-more, the paper provides a new definition of under- and overdamping that is not exclusively disjunctive, i.e. not either under- or over-damped as in a linear Voigt model, but rather exhibits damping phases co-existing consecutively as time progresses, separated not by critical damping, but rather by a transition phase. The three damping phases of a power-law viscoelastic solid—underdamping, transition and overdamping—are characterized by: underdamping—centre of mass oscillation about zero line;transition—centre of mass reciprocation without crossing the zero line;overdamping—power decay. The innovation of this new definition is critical for designing non-linear visco-elastic power-law dampers and fine-tuning the ratio of under- and overdamping, considering that three phases—underdamping, transition, and overdamping—co-exist consecutively if 0 < η < 0.401;two phases—transition and overdamping—co-exist consecutively if 0.401 < η < 0.578;and one phase— overdamping—exists exclusively if 0.578 < η < 1.

Research on Highway Traffic Safety and Facility Optimization

Traffic safety is one of the problems that need to be addressed in the construction and development of expressway.The key content of the design of traffic safety facilities is optimizing traffic safety facilities to reduce the probability of traffic safety accidents.Based on the analysis of highway safety facilities design optimization requirements,this paper puts forward the corresponding optimization measures,and explores the innovation of safety facilities design,in hopes of providing reference for the design of highway safety facilities.

Establishing distinctive theories and methods of design science rooted in Chinese traditional culture

The human social development saw the formation of five unique civilizations,with the latter forming their own distinctive cultures.China’s traditional culture is its most fundamental ideological weapon for solving problems.The Chinese are good at comprehensive thinking,dialectical thinking,and systematic analysis.These ideological weapons can solve the problems of formal science and technology and create scientific and technological achievements on par with global advanced scale.Ancient China is filled with original scientific and technological achievements,which strongly prove ancient China’s possession of its own science and technology different from that of Western Renaissance.Therefore,a comprehensive understanding of science,technology,experience,and intuition is necessary.The long-held superstition regarding the West,the lack of confidence,self-denial,blind imitation of ideas,and shackles must be thrown away.Only then can we take the road toward an authentic Chinese creative design as we learn from others.