基于Input-Output模型的新疆水资源合理配置研究

根据2007和2012年新疆统计年鉴和投入产出表等相关资料,利用Input-output模型和水资源结构偏差系数对国民经济各产业的用水效率、用水效益指数等进行了分析。研究表明:2012年新疆各产业水资源利用效率和效益显著提高,但农业用水消耗量远高于其产出效益,第三产业和生态环境产业的水资源消耗呈现递减趋势。此外,工业和建筑业的水资源配置较为合理。最后,为促进新疆水资源优化配置提出了相应的对策建议。

SOLVABILITY RESULTS OF A CONDITIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT EQUATION BASED ON A TYPE OF NONLINEAR LEONTIEF MODEL

A class of nonlinear and continuous type Leontief model and its corresponding conditional input-output equation are introduced, and two basic problems under the so called positive or negative boundary assumption are presented. By approaches of nonlinear analysis some solvability results of this equation and continuous perturbation properties of the relative solution sets are obtained, and some economic significance are illustrated by the remark.

INPUT-OUTPUT MODELS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATION IN EVALUATING PROGRESS OF ENTERPRISE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

The method of compiling input-output models of science and technology was studied,and the application of input-output techniques in evaluating the progress of enterprise science and technology was discussed.And the models for determining direct,indirect and full contributions of the progress of enterprise science and technology have been set up which can be used to analyse and evaluate the direct,indirect and full benefits of the progress of enterprise science and technology.

Input-output approach to robust stability and stabilization for uncertain singular systems with time-varying discrete and distributed delays

Based on input-output approach, the robust stability and stabilization problems for uncertain singular systems with time-varying delays are investigated. The parameter uncertainties are assumed to be norm-bounded and the time-varying delays include both discrete delay and distributed delay. By introducing a new input-output model, the time-delay system is embedded in a family of systems with a forward system without time delay and a dynamical feedback uncertainty. A sufficient and necessary condition, which guarantees the system regular, impulse-free and stable for all admissible uncertainties, is obtained. Based on the strict linear matrix inequality, the desired robust state feedback controller is also obtained. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the application of the proposed method.

Sensitivity of Chinese Industrial Wastewater Discharge Reduction to Direct Input Coefficients in an Input-output Context

Industrial wastewater discharge in China is increasing with the country′s economic development and it is worthy of concern. The discharge is primarily relevant to the direct discharge coefficient of each sector of the economy, its direct input coefficient and the final demand in input-output models. In this study, we calculated the sensitivity of the reduction in the Chinese industrial wastewater discharge using the direct input coefficients based on the theory of error-transmission in an input-output framework. Using input-output models, we calculated the direct and total industrial wastewater discharge coefficients. Analysis of 2007 input-output data of 30 sectors of the Chinese economy and of 30 provincial regions of China indicates that by lowering their direct input coefficients, the manufacturers of textiles, paper and paper products, chemical products, smelting and metal pressing, telecommunication equipment, computers and other electronic equipment will significantly reduce their amounts of industrial wastewater discharge. By lowering intra-provincial direct input coefficients to industrial sectors themselves of Jiangsu, Shandong and Zhejiang, there will be a significant reduction in industrial wastewater discharge for the country as a whole. Investment in production technology and improvement in organizational efficiency in these sectors and in these provinces can help lessen the direct input coefficients, thereby effectively achieving a reduction in industrial wastewater discharge in China via industrial restructuring.

Adaptive controller design based on input-output signal selection for voltage source converter high voltage direct current systems to improve power system stability

An input-output signal selection based on Phillips-Heffron model of a parallel high voltage alternative current/high voltage direct current(HVAC/HVDC) power system is presented to study power system stability. It is well known that appropriate coupling of inputs-outputs signals in the multivariable HVDC-HVAC system can improve the performance of designed supplemetary controller. In this work, different analysis techniques are used to measure controllability and observability of electromechanical oscillation mode. Also inputs–outputs interactions are considered and suggestions are drawn to select the best signal pair through the system inputs-outputs. In addition, a supplementary online adaptive controller for nonlinear HVDC to damp low frequency oscillations in a weakly connected system is proposed. The results obtained using MATLAB software show that the best output-input for damping controller design is rotor speed deviation as out put and phase angle of rectifier as in put. Also response of system equipped with adaptive damping controller based on HVDC system has appropriate performance when it is faced with faults and disturbance.

SOME RESULTS ON CONTINUOUS TYPE CONDITIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT EQUATION-FIXED POINT AND SURJECTIVITY METHODS

Based on the classical(matrix type)input-output analysis,a type of nonlinear (continuous type) conditional Leontief model,input-output equation were introduced,as well as three corresponding questions,namely,solvability,continuity and surjectivity,and some fixed point and surjectivity methods in nonlinear analysis were used to deal with these questions. As a result,the main theorems are obtained,which provide some sufficient criterions to solve above questions described by the boundary properties of the enterprises consuming operator.

Construction of Two-Region Input-output Model——A Case Study of Henan Province

On the basis of input-output table of Henan Province and China in 2007, this paper advances a simple method of constructing two-region input-output model using MRIO model, to research the economic link between the industries of Henan Province and the industries of other regions. I summarize the characteristics of this method based on this as follows: when researching inter-regional economic link, the multi-region or two-region input-output model has prominent superiority, and we can conduct preliminary estimation on the multi-region input-output model using location quotient approach.

The Influences of Energy Price Variation on the Prices of Other Industries: A Study Based on Input-Output Price Model

Energy has laid material foundation for human society during its development. Meanwhile, any change of price in the energy industry may influence social production and people’s life at all levels via an input-output mechanism under which the change related to energy is surely transmitted to other industries. The price change thus incurred in all industries may adversely affect the realization of macroeconomic objective-maintaining prices at a stable level. It is, therefore, needed to conduct an empirical research related to the impact of price change in energy industry on that in other industries. According to the data coming from “China’s 2015 Input-Output Extension Table (42 Departments)” and four hypothetical basis, this article focuses on four energy sectors and analyzes how deeply the price change of them, by use of input-output model, affects that of other industrial products under five conditions where each of their price rises by 10% individually or simultaneously, and why such an influence occurs. The results show that the price rising of the energies in question leads to an upward growth in the prices of other industrial products, especially when their prices go up simultaneously. Besides, the price increase in the four energy sectors doesn’t influence other industries in an accumulation form but actually leads to a rollback in some of other industries. It is recommended to adopt diversified pricing strategies for different energy products, thus maximizing the value of each specific energy, and meanwhile achieving the goals of energy consumption reduction and price equilibrium.

Re-measuring Status of China＇s High-Tech Industries in International Division of Labor： Applying a Non-Competitive Input-Output Model

Based on a refined ＂non-competitive input-output model,＂ this paper proposes a new framework for analyzing the status of a country＇s high-tech industries in the international division of labor, i.e. calculates the index of＂ weighted value-added productivity ＂ by compiling non-competitive input-output tables which distinguish high-tech industries from traditional industries. The new method effectively avoids ＂statistical illusion＂ which stems from a biased focus on gross exports under intra-product specialization. The empirical study shows that since 1995, the status of China＇s high-tech industries has grown quickly as a result of enhanced labor productivity, but still lags behind those of major developed countries. In addition, the study also suggests that the status of China＇s high-tech industries has been over-estimated using the traditional gross export statistical method.

Economic impacts of the Natural Forest Protection Program in Yunnan Province, China:an input-output analysis

The paper assesses the economic impacts of the natural forest protection program （NFPP） on the economy of Yunnan Province, China.in terms of gross output, value added,employment, and household income. An inputoutput model is developed to estimate NFPP＇s economic impacts by means of backward linkages in the forestry sector and logging and haudage sector. It is found than the NFPP has positive impacts on gross output, value added and houschold income in the initial year, but has significantly negative impacts on the regional economy in the following years as the investment decreases.

TECHNIQUES OF CONSTRUCTING REGIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT TABLES: ACHIEVEMENTS

The development of any analytical method should have to experience at least four stages: its initial status, growth, mature and declining. However, although the regional input-output analysis has been widely applied for more than forty years, it is still one of the most important approach in regional economic analysis and forecast at present in the world. This is due to the never ended modifications and its great potentials. In this paper, we review the historical development of the regional input-output analysis.

Research on carbon emissions in China's export trade based on input-output model

Becoming the world's largest emitter of carbon makes China the object of criticism;however,people may ignore the fact that when China exports low-carbon products,the carbon emissions have been left in the meanwhile,forming the so-called"embodied carbon".Using the input-output model,this paper analyzes the carbon emission intensity and amount of embodied carbon of various sectors in China's export trade in 2002 and 2007,and filters out high carbon emission sectors.In addition,this paper also points out the problem of carbon emissions'international transfer from developed countries to China through the analysis of national and regional flow of export carbon emissions and changing of the proportion of emissions for exports relative to total emissions,and explains the reason that caused carbon transfer to China by using the treadmill of production theory.Based on that,this paper proposes some measures for carbon reduction in China from the foreign trade perspective.

Carbon price impacts on sector cost:based on an input-output model of Beijing

Under the pressure of sustained growth in energy consumption in China,the implementation of a carbon pricing mechanism is an effective economic policy measure for promoting emission reduction,as well as a hotspot of research among scholars and policy makers.In this paper,the effects of carbon prices on Beijing's economy are analyzed using input-output tables.The carbon price costs are levied in accordance with the products'embodied carbon emission.By calculation,given the carbon price rate of 10 RMB/t-CO_2,the total carbon costs of Beijing account for approximately 0.22-0.40%of its gross revenue the same year.Among all industries,construction bears the largest carbon cost Among export sectors,the coal mining and washing industry has much higher export carbon price intensity than other industries.Apart from traditional energy-intensive industries,tertiary industry,which accounts for more than 70%of Beijing's economy,also bears a major carbon cost because of its large economic size.However,from 2007 to 2010,adjustment of the investment structure has reduced the emission intensity in investment sectors,contributing to the reduction of overall emissions and carbon price intensity.

Instance reduction for supervised learning using input-output clustering method

A method that applies clustering technique to reduce the number of samples of large data sets using input-output clustering is proposed.The proposed method clusters the output data into groups and clusters the input data in accordance with the groups of output data.Then,a set of prototypes are selected from the clustered input data.The inessential data can be ultimately discarded from the data set.The proposed method can reduce the effect from outliers because only the prototypes are used.This method is applied to reduce the data set in regression problems.Two standard synthetic data sets and three standard real-world data sets are used for evaluation.The root-mean-square errors are compared from support vector regression models trained with the original data sets and the corresponding instance-reduced data sets.From the experiments,the proposed method provides good results on the reduction and the reconstruction of the standard synthetic and real-world data sets.The numbers of instances of the synthetic data sets are decreased by 25%-69%.The reduction rates for the real-world data sets of the automobile miles per gallon and the 1990 census in CA are 46% and 57%,respectively.The reduction rate of 96% is very good for the electrocardiogram(ECG) data set because of the redundant and periodic nature of ECG signals.For all of the data sets,the regression results are similar to those from the corresponding original data sets.Therefore,the regression performance of the proposed method is good while only a fraction of the data is needed in the training process.

Robust Input-Output Energy Decoupling for Uncertain Singular Systems

This paper addresses the robust input-output energy decoupling problem for uncertain singular systems in which all parameter matrices except E exist as time-varying uncertainties. By means of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), sufficient conditions are derived for the existence of linear state feedback and input transformation control laws, such that the resulting closed-loop uncertain singular system is generalized quadratically stable and the energy of every input controls mainly the energy of a corresponding output, and influences the energy of other outputs as weakly as possible. Keywords Uncertain singular systems - generalized quadratical stability - input-output energy decoupling - linear matrix inequality (LMI) Xin-Zhuang Dong graduated from the Institute of Information Engineering of People’s Liberation Army, China, in 1994. She received the M. S. degree from the Institute of Electronic Technology of People’s Liberation Army, in 1998 and the Ph.D. degree from Northeastern University, China, in 2004. She is currently a post-doctoral fellow at the Key Laboratory of Systems and Control, CAS.Her research interests include singular and nonlinear systems, especially the control of singular systems such as H ∞ control, passive control and dissipative control. Qing-Ling Zhang received the Ph.D. degree from Northeastern University, China, in 1995. He is currently a professor with the Institute of Systems Science, Northeastern University. His research interests include singular systems, fuzzy systems, decentralized control, and H 2/H ∞ control.

Entanglement Purification Through Cavity Input-Output Process

We propose a scheme to purify entanglement of two atoms from not-too-impure entangled states by checking the parity of the two atoms through the cavity input-output process. As the parity check is made by measurement on single-photon polarization, which would not affect the entanglement of the two atoms, our scheme has the successful probability double of that in a previous well-known scheme with linear optical elements [Nature （London） 410 （2001） 1067], and is insensitive to the photon loss and the detection inefficieney. Experimental feasibility of our scheme with current technology is discussed.

An extended input-output table for environmental and resources accounting

Environmentally Extended Input-Output(EEIO)tables have become a powerful element in supporting information-based environmental and economic policies.National-and provincial-level 10 tables are currently published by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China according to well-defined conventions.However,county-level 10tables are not provided as a rule by official statistics organizations.This paper conducts an overview of compiling EEIO tables for environmental and resources accounting at the county level and then answers several questions:First,what kind of data should be prepared for the compilation of county-level EEIO tables?Second,how can we set up comprehensive EEIO tables at the county level?Third,regarding the survey methods and the indirect modeling,which one should be chosen to build EEIO tables at the county level?Finally,what policy questions could such a table answer?EEIO tables at the county level can be used to predict the economic impacts of environmental policies and to perform trend and scenario analysis.

A Generalization of the Input-Output Pollution Control Model and Product Selection

The input-output pollution control model given in [1] is generalized. The generalization makes it easier for the model to handle many problem instances. A linear program is used to solve the new model. An example is given to show that the new model can handle classes of problems that the original model cannot handle.

Solvability Results on a Set-valued Input-output Equation

A class of set-valued Leontief input-output equation is introduced and two solvability theorems are obtained, which provide some corresponding existence, surjection as well as continuity results.