The extract of green peel of Juglans mandshurica Maxim was extracted by common method for studying its insecticidal activities and analyzing the active components. Results showed that the alcohol extract and the chlor...The extract of green peel of Juglans mandshurica Maxim was extracted by common method for studying its insecticidal activities and analyzing the active components. Results showed that the alcohol extract and the chloroform part of extract (separated with chloroform from alcohol extract) form green peel of J. mandshurica have insecticidal activities in contact toxicity and stomach toxicity against larvae of Lymantria dispar L.. After application of the extracts for five days, the corrected mortality of larvae of Lymantria dispar for both extracts was more than 50% in contact toxicity and stomach toxicity at the concentration of ≥ 5 g·L^-1. The insecticidal activity for both alcohol extract and chloroform part of extract is more effect in contact toxicity than in stomach toxicity, but no significant difference in the insecticidal activities was found between alcohol extract and chloroform part of extract. The active components in the chloroform part of extract from green peel of.J. mandshurica were analyzed by GC-MS. The analyzed results showed that the active components in the chloroform part of extract are: (1) joglone (5-hydroxy-1,4- naphthaoquinone), the relative content 27.11%, (2) 1,5-Naphthalenediol, the relative content 9.52%, (3) 7-Methoxy-1-tetralone, the relative content 6.81%, (4) Benzofuran, 2,3-dihydro-, the relative content 6.76%, (5) 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxycinnamaldehyde, the relative content 3.99%, (6) 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol, the relative content 3.05%.展开更多
Insecticidal activities and active ingredients of Stephania kwangsiensis Lo. were studied for the first time. The results showed that all parts of S. kwangsiensis Lo. had contact activity against brown planthoppers, N...Insecticidal activities and active ingredients of Stephania kwangsiensis Lo. were studied for the first time. The results showed that all parts of S. kwangsiensis Lo. had contact activity against brown planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens Stal, and the contact activity of methanol extract from root tubers was the highest, with a LD50 value being 1.5794 lag/female. l-roemerine was isolated from root tubers of S. kwangsiensis Lo. and identified, and it was the main active ingredient. l-roemerine had high contact toxicity to brown planthoppers, with a LD50 value being 0.0443 lag/female. Contact toxicity of l-roemerine to brown planthoppers was 7.48 times that of malathion, the convientional chemical insecticide used for controlling brown planthoppers.l-roemerine also had stomach poison activity against brown planthoppers.展开更多
Active oxygen quantum yield, insecticidal activities and stability of diphenylthiophene were studied for the first time. The results showed that maximum diphenylthiophene absorbency variety was 0.438 after irradiation...Active oxygen quantum yield, insecticidal activities and stability of diphenylthiophene were studied for the first time. The results showed that maximum diphenylthiophene absorbency variety was 0.438 after irradiation for 280 min and that of α- terthienyl (α-T) was 0.480 after irradiation for 200 min with UV. LCs0 values ofdiphenylthiophene and α-T against 3rd instar larvae ofAedes albopictus were 9.18 × 10^-3 and 9.69× 10^-4 μg mL^-1 when treated for 24 h, respectively. LC50 values of the two chemicals against the 3rd instar larvae of Plutella xylostella were 267.87 and 222.22 μg mL^-1 when treated for 24 h, respectively. The half lives of diphenylthiophene and α-T in methanol were 113.62 and 10.65 h. Difference between quantum yield of diphenylthiophene and α-T was not significant and they all possessed high toxicity to Aedes albopictus and Plutella xylostella, but diphenylthiophene was more stable than α-T. It could be concluded that diphenylthiophene has overcome the deficiency of photoactivated insecticides which degraded quickly in the environment and could not be applied on the field. Diphenylthiophene could kill the insects and accelerate the degradation rate of triazophos. The benefits of diphenylthiophene can be further exploited and applied on the field.展开更多
The extract from leaves of Rhododendron dauricum L. was extracted with 95% alcohol by common method for studying its insecticidal activities. The chemical components of the alcohol extract and relative contents were a...The extract from leaves of Rhododendron dauricum L. was extracted with 95% alcohol by common method for studying its insecticidal activities. The chemical components of the alcohol extract and relative contents were analyzed by GC-MS. The insecticidal activities of the alcohol extract were tested on the 2nd?3rd instar larvae of Lymantria dispar L. for five days. Five concentrations of the extract samples were designed as 50, 10, 5, 1, and 0.5 g?L?1. The results show that the alcohol extracts from leaves of R. dauricum exhibited insecticidal activities against larvae of L. dispar. The corrected mortality of larvae of L. dispar for was over 50% for both contact toxicity and stomach toxicity at the extract concentration of ≥ 5 g·L?1 after five days of application. The insecticidal activity in contact toxicity is more effect than stomach toxicity for the alcohol extract. Twenty compounds, with total GC relative contents of 93.81% in the alcohol extract from leaves of R. dauricum were identified. The main chemical components in the extract are: (1) 4,5-Dihydro-5-oxo-3-(p-tolyl) isoxazole, with a relative content of 40.03%; (2) 1,3-Benzenediol, 5-methyl-2-(3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10- dodecatrienyl)-, (E,E)-, the relative content 18.27%; (3) 3,6-Diphenyl- 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-1,8-acridinedione, the relative content 3.89%; (4) 6H-[1,2,4]Triazolo[1,5-a]indole, 4a,5,7,8,8a,9-hexahydro-9- methylene-, the relative content 2.99%; (5) 7-Amino-4-methyl-1,8- naphthyridin-2-ol, the relative content 2.64%; (6) 4-Methyl-2,6- dihydroxyquinoline, the relative content 2.63%; (7) 2,4,6- Triaminoquinazoline, the relative content 2.27%; (8) 2(1H)-Quinolinone, 4-hydroxy-1-methyl-, the relative content 2.02%.展开更多
Aim To prepare dry powder insecticide by mixing the plant samples of Aconitum ochranthum Mey.,Aconitum hemsleyanum Pritz.and Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz.Method The dosage ratios of the break stocks from the plants ment...Aim To prepare dry powder insecticide by mixing the plant samples of Aconitum ochranthum Mey.,Aconitum hemsleyanum Pritz.and Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz.Method The dosage ratios of the break stocks from the plants mentioned above are installed as four factors,and three levels are selected for every factor.The test is actualized according to L 9(3 4) orthogonal array.Results An optimized recipe A 3 B 3 C 3 D 1 has been obtained after considering multifarious factors such as the resources of these plants and the water-solubility of samples.Conclusion The dry powder insecticide prepared by mixing the plant samples mentioned above as 1∶1∶1mass ratio revealed that insecticidal activities for cickets,grasshopper,aphid,and 3rd instar Mythimna separata walker are significant,respectively.展开更多
Essential oil was extracted from Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC.by steam distillation(SD) and supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction(SFE),respectively.The constituents of the essentil oils extracted with those two metho...Essential oil was extracted from Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC.by steam distillation(SD) and supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction(SFE),respectively.The constituents of the essentil oils extracted with those two methods were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and insecticidal activities of the essential oils were evaluated,then the results were compared to assess their biological activity.Thirty-one compounds were identified in the essential oil extracted by SD,and its main components were eucalyptol,α,α,4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol and so on.Twenty-two compounds were identified for the essential oil extracted by SFE,and its main components were cyclodecene,n-hexadecanoic acid and so on.Six chemical compositions were all contained in the essential oils extracted by the two methods,i.e.,eucalyptol,α,α,4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol,caryophyllene,[3aS-(3aα,3bβ,4β,7α,7aS)]-octahydro-7-methyl-3-methylene-4-(1-methylethyl)-1H-cyclopenta[1,3]cyclopropa-[1,2]benzene,nerolidol and(-)-Spathulenol.The fumigation toxicity of the essential oil obtained by means of SD to the adults of Sitophilus zeamais is significantly higher than that of the essential oil by means of SFE.The contact toxicity of the essential oil obtained by means of SFE to the adults of S.zeamais is higher than that of the essential oil obtained by means of SD,but the difference is not significant.展开更多
Thirteen novel phenyl substituted isoxazolecarboxamides were synthesized, and their structures were characterized by IH NMR, elementary analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS) techniques. Their evaluate...Thirteen novel phenyl substituted isoxazolecarboxamides were synthesized, and their structures were characterized by IH NMR, elementary analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS) techniques. Their evaluated insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm(Mythimna separata) indicate that the phenyl substituted isoxazolecarboxamides exhibited moderate insecticidal activities, among which compounds 9c and 9k showed com- paratively higher activities.展开更多
Twelve novel analogues of chlorantraniliprole containing nitro group were synthesized,and their structures were characterized by 1H NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS).Their evaluated insecticidal activi...Twelve novel analogues of chlorantraniliprole containing nitro group were synthesized,and their structures were characterized by 1H NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS).Their evaluated insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm(Mythimna separata) indicate that the nitro-containing analogues showed favorable insecticidal activities,while the activity of compounds 5g at 0.25mg/L was 40%,but still lower than chlorantraniliprole.展开更多
[Objective] The paper was to explore the insecticidal activities of capsaiein and nonivamlde. [Method] With nonanoic acid and vanillin as starting materials, nonivamide was prepared by reductive amination and N-acylat...[Objective] The paper was to explore the insecticidal activities of capsaiein and nonivamlde. [Method] With nonanoic acid and vanillin as starting materials, nonivamide was prepared by reductive amination and N-acylation reaction, and the chemical structure of target compound was confirmed by 1H NMR and EI-MS. The biological activities of nonivamide and capsaicin were tested. [ Result] Both capsaicin and synthetic nonivamide had no obvious insecticidal activities against third instar larvae of diamondback moth [ Plutella xyllostella (Linnaeus) ] and 3-day-old nymphs of broad bean aphids (Aphis craccivora). [ Conclusion] The research provided theoretical basis for further study on insecticidal activities of capsaicin.展开更多
Ten new N-oxalyl derivatives of neonicotinoid compound were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by ^1H NMR spectra, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. The preliminary insecticidal activiti...Ten new N-oxalyl derivatives of neonicotinoid compound were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by ^1H NMR spectra, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. The preliminary insecticidal activities of the new compounds were evaluated. The results of bioassays indicate that the title Compounds exhibit moderate insecticidal activities. Surprisingly, the insecticidal activity of compound 7b against bean aphids at 200 mg/kg is 100%, which is comoarable to that of the commercialized imidacloprid.展开更多
Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)exhibits strong insecticidal activity and is harmless to non-target organisms such as human and animals.Bt becomes the most commonly used environment-friendly insecticidal microorganism.Howev...Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)exhibits strong insecticidal activity and is harmless to non-target organisms such as human and animals.Bt becomes the most commonly used environment-friendly insecticidal microorganism.However,the insecticidal activities of different Bt strains variy significantly.Therefore,it is particularly important to compare the insecticidal activities of different strains and explore their insecticidal effector mechanisms to expand Bt insecticidal spectrum and enrich transgenic resources.Here,the insecticidal activities of Vip3Aa57 and Vip3Aa62 strains,carrying vegetative insecticidal protein-encoding genes that were inserted into the expression vector pET-21b and transformed into Escherichia coli Rosetta(DE3)strain,expressing 88 ku protein,were compared.Vip3Aa57 protein reportedly displayed body weight inhibition effect on Spodoptera exigua without affecting Heliothis armigera while Vip3Aa62 protein was known to have strong insecticidal activity against S.exigua(LC50=5.124 ng•mg^(-1)).A low H.armigera activity(LC50=870.1 ng•mg^(-1))was observed.The paraffin sectioning results showed that Vip3Aa57 protein affected S.exigua midgut cell morphology.The laser confocal microscopic imaging results showed that Vip3Aa57 bound to receptors in the midgut without damaging the midgut tissue morphology.This study would be conducive for making full use of Bt strains in the soil to compare the insecticidal activities of different Vip insecticidal genes.It could thus provide significant help in revealing the underlying insecticidal mechanisms of Vip3Aa insecticidal genes,developing new insecticidal proteins and delaying pest resistance problems.展开更多
A series of novel 5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide derivatives(6a–6n, 7a, 7b, and 8a-8f)were synthesised by placing the amide bond at the 4-position of the pyrazole ring. These derivatives differed f...A series of novel 5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide derivatives(6a–6n, 7a, 7b, and 8a-8f)were synthesised by placing the amide bond at the 4-position of the pyrazole ring. These derivatives differed from the structure of chlorantraniliprole analogues with the amide bond at the 5-position of the pyrazole ring. Preliminary bioassay results revealed that a few title compounds exhibited good insecticidal activities against lepidopteran pests, such as Plutella xylostella, Mythimna separate, Heliothis armigera, and Ostrinia nubilalis. Some title compounds also elicited broad-spectrum insecticidal activities against dipterous insects including Culex pipiens pallens after altering the amide position. Similar to pyrazole-5-carboxamide analogues, compounds 6b and 6e showed 100% insecticidal activity against P. xylostella, C. pipiens pallens, and M. separate at concentrations of 200, 2, and 200 mg/m L, respectively.This finding suggested that 5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide derivatives are potential alternative insecticides for management of agriculture pests.展开更多
Ten novel analogues of flubendiamide containing a hexafluoroisopropanol moiety were designed and synthe- sized. Their insecticidal activities against armyworm (Pseudaletia separata Walker) were examined and compared...Ten novel analogues of flubendiamide containing a hexafluoroisopropanol moiety were designed and synthe- sized. Their insecticidal activities against armyworm (Pseudaletia separata Walker) were examined and compared with the commercial product flubendiamide. Compound 7b showed nearly the same insecticidal activity as fluben- diamide against armyworm.展开更多
A new series of 1,3,5-trisubstituted-l,3,5-hexahydrotriazine-2-N-nitroimines (3a--3j) were designed and synthesized as novel neonicotinoid analogues, and their structures were characterized by 1H NMR, IR, elemental ...A new series of 1,3,5-trisubstituted-l,3,5-hexahydrotriazine-2-N-nitroimines (3a--3j) were designed and synthesized as novel neonicotinoid analogues, and their structures were characterized by 1H NMR, IR, elemental analysis and MS. The preliminary bioassay tests showed that most of the target compounds had good insecticidal activities against Nilaparvata lugens as well as Aphis medicaginis at 500 mg/L, while compound 3i had 100% mortality against Nilaparvata lugens at 20 mg/L.展开更多
In order to search for novel potent and environmentally benign insecticides,a series of anthranilic diamides containing various fluorinated groups were designed and synthesized.Their structures were confirmed by -1H N...In order to search for novel potent and environmentally benign insecticides,a series of anthranilic diamides containing various fluorinated groups were designed and synthesized.Their structures were confirmed by -1H NMR,-(13)C NMR,-(19)F NMR,elemental analysis,HRMS or mass spectra.Their insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm(Mythimna separata) and diamondback moth(Plutella xyiostella)were evaluated.The preliminary structure-activity relationship(SAR) was discussed in detail.The biological assay indicated that most of the compounds exhibited moderate to excellent insecticidal activities.Especially,Ia showed high larvicidal activity against oriental armyworm.Meanwhile,Iu had better larvicidal effects against diamondback moth than commercial chlorantraniliprole.展开更多
Insecticidal activities of the petroleum ether-, chloroform-, ethyl acetate-, and water-soluble fractions of the methanolic extract ofFicus sarmentosa var. henryi were assayed against Musca domestica adults. The chlor...Insecticidal activities of the petroleum ether-, chloroform-, ethyl acetate-, and water-soluble fractions of the methanolic extract ofFicus sarmentosa var. henryi were assayed against Musca domestica adults. The chloroform- and ethyl acetate- soluble fractions were the most active with 92.6 and 88.9% mortalities (24 h after treatment) respectively. Therefore, the two fractions were combined and four compounds, isolated from the fractions by activity-guided fractionation, were elucidated as 7-hydroxycoumarin, apigenin, eriodictyol, and quercetin by spectroscopic method and displayed excellent insecticidal activities against adults of M. domestica and 4th instar larva of Aedes albopictus. Among those, 7- hydroxycoumarin showed the strongest insecticidal activities with lethal concentrations (LC50) values of 72.13 μg g^-1 sugar and 4.87 μg mL^-1 (48 h after treatment) against the test insects respectively. The cytoxicities of these compounds on BTI-Tn-5B 1-4 cell were also investigated for the insecticidal mechanism and found that quercetin represented superior inhibitory activity with MTT assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) against BTI-Tn-5B 1-4 cell, but slightly weaker than that of the positive control (azadirachtin) and significantly greater than the negative control (DMSO only). Meanwhile, eriodictyol demonstrated the strongest effect on the mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMP). In conclusion, based on their comparative toxicities to commercial insecticides and their cytotoxic effects, some of the compounds from the F. sarmentosa have potential as botanical insecticides.展开更多
Ryanodine receptors(RyRs) activator has become one class of popular insecticide because of its unique mode of action. In order to find more new RyRs activators as insecticidal agents, a series of 18 novel chiral ant...Ryanodine receptors(RyRs) activator has become one class of popular insecticide because of its unique mode of action. In order to find more new RyRs activators as insecticidal agents, a series of 18 novel chiral anthranilic diamides were designed by introducing the D-alanine acid and D-serine acid esters as well as trifluoroethoxyl group into the anthranilic diamide skeleton and synthesized successfully based on anthranilic diamide and FKI-1033 structures. The structures of the title compounds Ia–i and IIa–i were confirmed by melting points,~1H NMR,^(13)C NMR, elemental analysis and specific optical rotation analysis.The preliminary bioassay results indicated that most of the title compounds exhibited considerable larvicidal activities against oriental armyworm at 10 mg/L, especially Ib, Ie and IIh showed remarkable insecticidal activities at 0.5 mg/L. The larvicidal activity against diamondback moth of Ia and IId were 80%and 90% respectively at 0.0001 mg/L, which was similar to that of chlorantraniliprole. The relationship between structure and insecticidal activity was analyzed to reveal a possible co-regulated effect of the chiral amino acid ester, halogen atom or cyano group, and trifluoroethyloxyl group of the skeleton structures of the title compounds, which will provide useful information for guiding the design and discovery of new RyRs activators and insecticidal agrochemicals.展开更多
To make further studies on the difference of cis-nitenpyram analogues, a series of cis-nitenpyram com- pounds containing a flexible amido segment anchored on tetrahydropyrimidine ring was designed and synthesized. Pre...To make further studies on the difference of cis-nitenpyram analogues, a series of cis-nitenpyram com- pounds containing a flexible amido segment anchored on tetrahydropyrimidine ring was designed and synthesized. Preliminary bioassays indicate that all the analogues exhibit a mortality of 100% at 100 rag/L, and the analogue 4d shows the best activity against Nilaparvata lugens and Myzus persicae, with a mortality of 100% at 4 mg/L (LCs0=0.172 rag/L). The structure activity relationship studies show that insecticidal activities of the analogues are affected by the kinds and size of substituent R. In addition, the molecular docking simulations reveal that compouds 4 with a flexible amido segment on tetrahydropyrimidine ring show their different binding affinities for the nicotinic acetyleholine receptor(nAChR) of insect and compoud 4d shows stronger hydrogen-bonding with nAChR, which may provide the structure-activity relationship observed in vitro.展开更多
Due to a novel mode action,low toxicity to mammals and low residue characteristics,phthalic acid diamides have aroused considerable interests in agricultural chemistry.With introduction of N-cyano,N-trifluoroacetyl,N-...Due to a novel mode action,low toxicity to mammals and low residue characteristics,phthalic acid diamides have aroused considerable interests in agricultural chemistry.With introduction of N-cyano,N-trifluoroacetyl,N-carbamoylsulfiliminyl and sulfoximinyl substituents into phthalamides,12 novel derivatives containing trifluoromethyl moiety were designed and synthesized.All title compounds were characterized by ^(1)H NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry.The preliminary results of biological activity assessment indicated that some title compounds exhibited moderate to good insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm(Pseudaletia separata Walker).In particular,Va gave higher activity against oriental armyworm and diamondback moth.The present work reported that the new trifluoromethylated diamides incorporating N-trifluoroacetylsulfoximinyl moieties are potential lead compounds for further structure optimization,providing some insight into the relating structure-activity relationship.展开更多
Diamide compounds such as chlorantraniliprole,a famous anthranilic diamide insecticide targeting the insect ryanodine receptor(Ry R),have received continuous attention in pesticide research during the past 15 years ow...Diamide compounds such as chlorantraniliprole,a famous anthranilic diamide insecticide targeting the insect ryanodine receptor(Ry R),have received continuous attention in pesticide research during the past 15 years owing to their excellent insecticidal potentials.With the aim of discovering new heterocyclic pesticides used for crop protection,based on the structural information of compound M from the reported pharmacophore-based virtual screening for Ry R insecticides and diamide compound,a series of new heterocyclic mono-,di-,and tri-amide derivatives containing piperazine moiety have been synthesized in this paper.The new compounds were identified and confirmed by melting point,^(1)H NMR,^(13)C NMR and HRMS.Compound M was firstly validated for insecticidal activities,and the new synthesized compounds were all made comprehensive insecticidal evaluations against diamondback moth and oriental armyworm.The bioassay results showed that some of the compounds exhibit favorable insecticidal potentials,particularly some novel piperazine-containing heterocyclic mono-/di-/tri-amide derivatives such as 8 g,14 a,15 a,15 g,15 i,15 j,15 k,15 l,and 15 m could be used as new insecticidal leading structures for further study(e.g.,towards diamondback moth,15i-15 m LC_(50):0.0022-0.0081 mg/L).The structure-activity relationships of the compounds discussed in detail provide useful guidance for further design and development of new insecticides.展开更多
基金This study was supported by Heilongjiang Natural Science Foundation (C2004-28)
文摘The extract of green peel of Juglans mandshurica Maxim was extracted by common method for studying its insecticidal activities and analyzing the active components. Results showed that the alcohol extract and the chloroform part of extract (separated with chloroform from alcohol extract) form green peel of J. mandshurica have insecticidal activities in contact toxicity and stomach toxicity against larvae of Lymantria dispar L.. After application of the extracts for five days, the corrected mortality of larvae of Lymantria dispar for both extracts was more than 50% in contact toxicity and stomach toxicity at the concentration of ≥ 5 g·L^-1. The insecticidal activity for both alcohol extract and chloroform part of extract is more effect in contact toxicity than in stomach toxicity, but no significant difference in the insecticidal activities was found between alcohol extract and chloroform part of extract. The active components in the chloroform part of extract from green peel of.J. mandshurica were analyzed by GC-MS. The analyzed results showed that the active components in the chloroform part of extract are: (1) joglone (5-hydroxy-1,4- naphthaoquinone), the relative content 27.11%, (2) 1,5-Naphthalenediol, the relative content 9.52%, (3) 7-Methoxy-1-tetralone, the relative content 6.81%, (4) Benzofuran, 2,3-dihydro-, the relative content 6.76%, (5) 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxycinnamaldehyde, the relative content 3.99%, (6) 2-Methoxy-4-vinylphenol, the relative content 3.05%.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(03683).
文摘Insecticidal activities and active ingredients of Stephania kwangsiensis Lo. were studied for the first time. The results showed that all parts of S. kwangsiensis Lo. had contact activity against brown planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens Stal, and the contact activity of methanol extract from root tubers was the highest, with a LD50 value being 1.5794 lag/female. l-roemerine was isolated from root tubers of S. kwangsiensis Lo. and identified, and it was the main active ingredient. l-roemerine had high contact toxicity to brown planthoppers, with a LD50 value being 0.0443 lag/female. Contact toxicity of l-roemerine to brown planthoppers was 7.48 times that of malathion, the convientional chemical insecticide used for controlling brown planthoppers.l-roemerine also had stomach poison activity against brown planthoppers.
基金National Science and Technology Achievements 0utreach Program,Ministry of Science and Technology,China(2003440051163)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology,China(04300516)Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology,Ministry of Education,South China Agricultural University(04-08)for providing financial support.
文摘Active oxygen quantum yield, insecticidal activities and stability of diphenylthiophene were studied for the first time. The results showed that maximum diphenylthiophene absorbency variety was 0.438 after irradiation for 280 min and that of α- terthienyl (α-T) was 0.480 after irradiation for 200 min with UV. LCs0 values ofdiphenylthiophene and α-T against 3rd instar larvae ofAedes albopictus were 9.18 × 10^-3 and 9.69× 10^-4 μg mL^-1 when treated for 24 h, respectively. LC50 values of the two chemicals against the 3rd instar larvae of Plutella xylostella were 267.87 and 222.22 μg mL^-1 when treated for 24 h, respectively. The half lives of diphenylthiophene and α-T in methanol were 113.62 and 10.65 h. Difference between quantum yield of diphenylthiophene and α-T was not significant and they all possessed high toxicity to Aedes albopictus and Plutella xylostella, but diphenylthiophene was more stable than α-T. It could be concluded that diphenylthiophene has overcome the deficiency of photoactivated insecticides which degraded quickly in the environment and could not be applied on the field. Diphenylthiophene could kill the insects and accelerate the degradation rate of triazophos. The benefits of diphenylthiophene can be further exploited and applied on the field.
文摘The extract from leaves of Rhododendron dauricum L. was extracted with 95% alcohol by common method for studying its insecticidal activities. The chemical components of the alcohol extract and relative contents were analyzed by GC-MS. The insecticidal activities of the alcohol extract were tested on the 2nd?3rd instar larvae of Lymantria dispar L. for five days. Five concentrations of the extract samples were designed as 50, 10, 5, 1, and 0.5 g?L?1. The results show that the alcohol extracts from leaves of R. dauricum exhibited insecticidal activities against larvae of L. dispar. The corrected mortality of larvae of L. dispar for was over 50% for both contact toxicity and stomach toxicity at the extract concentration of ≥ 5 g·L?1 after five days of application. The insecticidal activity in contact toxicity is more effect than stomach toxicity for the alcohol extract. Twenty compounds, with total GC relative contents of 93.81% in the alcohol extract from leaves of R. dauricum were identified. The main chemical components in the extract are: (1) 4,5-Dihydro-5-oxo-3-(p-tolyl) isoxazole, with a relative content of 40.03%; (2) 1,3-Benzenediol, 5-methyl-2-(3,7,11-trimethyl-2,6,10- dodecatrienyl)-, (E,E)-, the relative content 18.27%; (3) 3,6-Diphenyl- 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-octahydro-1,8-acridinedione, the relative content 3.89%; (4) 6H-[1,2,4]Triazolo[1,5-a]indole, 4a,5,7,8,8a,9-hexahydro-9- methylene-, the relative content 2.99%; (5) 7-Amino-4-methyl-1,8- naphthyridin-2-ol, the relative content 2.64%; (6) 4-Methyl-2,6- dihydroxyquinoline, the relative content 2.63%; (7) 2,4,6- Triaminoquinazoline, the relative content 2.27%; (8) 2(1H)-Quinolinone, 4-hydroxy-1-methyl-, the relative content 2.02%.
文摘Aim To prepare dry powder insecticide by mixing the plant samples of Aconitum ochranthum Mey.,Aconitum hemsleyanum Pritz.and Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz.Method The dosage ratios of the break stocks from the plants mentioned above are installed as four factors,and three levels are selected for every factor.The test is actualized according to L 9(3 4) orthogonal array.Results An optimized recipe A 3 B 3 C 3 D 1 has been obtained after considering multifarious factors such as the resources of these plants and the water-solubility of samples.Conclusion The dry powder insecticide prepared by mixing the plant samples mentioned above as 1∶1∶1mass ratio revealed that insecticidal activities for cickets,grasshopper,aphid,and 3rd instar Mythimna separata walker are significant,respectively.
基金Supported by the Technology Development Project of Jilin Province,China(Nos.20090571 and 20090262)the Development and Reform Project of Jilin Province,China(No.20071033)+2 种基金the State Administration of Quality Supervision Project,China(No.2008IK253)the Jingyue Development Zone Project of Changchun City,China(No.2007C010)the Scientific Research Fund of Jilin Agricultural University,China(No.2007040)
文摘Essential oil was extracted from Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC.by steam distillation(SD) and supercritical-CO2 fluid extraction(SFE),respectively.The constituents of the essentil oils extracted with those two methods were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and insecticidal activities of the essential oils were evaluated,then the results were compared to assess their biological activity.Thirty-one compounds were identified in the essential oil extracted by SD,and its main components were eucalyptol,α,α,4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol and so on.Twenty-two compounds were identified for the essential oil extracted by SFE,and its main components were cyclodecene,n-hexadecanoic acid and so on.Six chemical compositions were all contained in the essential oils extracted by the two methods,i.e.,eucalyptol,α,α,4-trimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanol,caryophyllene,[3aS-(3aα,3bβ,4β,7α,7aS)]-octahydro-7-methyl-3-methylene-4-(1-methylethyl)-1H-cyclopenta[1,3]cyclopropa-[1,2]benzene,nerolidol and(-)-Spathulenol.The fumigation toxicity of the essential oil obtained by means of SD to the adults of Sitophilus zeamais is significantly higher than that of the essential oil by means of SFE.The contact toxicity of the essential oil obtained by means of SFE to the adults of S.zeamais is higher than that of the essential oil obtained by means of SD,but the difference is not significant.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 20872069)the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2010CB126106)the Fund of State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry,China
文摘Thirteen novel phenyl substituted isoxazolecarboxamides were synthesized, and their structures were characterized by IH NMR, elementary analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS) techniques. Their evaluated insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm(Mythimna separata) indicate that the phenyl substituted isoxazolecarboxamides exhibited moderate insecticidal activities, among which compounds 9c and 9k showed com- paratively higher activities.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2010CB126106)
文摘Twelve novel analogues of chlorantraniliprole containing nitro group were synthesized,and their structures were characterized by 1H NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS).Their evaluated insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm(Mythimna separata) indicate that the nitro-containing analogues showed favorable insecticidal activities,while the activity of compounds 5g at 0.25mg/L was 40%,but still lower than chlorantraniliprole.
基金Supported by National "12th Five-Year Plan" Key Technology R & D Program(2011BAE06B04-11)Science and Technology Development Project of Shandong Province (2011GNC11101)+1 种基金Research Award Fund for Outstanding Young Scientist of Shandong Province (BS2001NY015)Science and Technology Development Fund of Shandong Academy of Sciences (KJHZ 2010 No.2)
文摘[Objective] The paper was to explore the insecticidal activities of capsaiein and nonivamlde. [Method] With nonanoic acid and vanillin as starting materials, nonivamide was prepared by reductive amination and N-acylation reaction, and the chemical structure of target compound was confirmed by 1H NMR and EI-MS. The biological activities of nonivamide and capsaicin were tested. [ Result] Both capsaicin and synthetic nonivamide had no obvious insecticidal activities against third instar larvae of diamondback moth [ Plutella xyllostella (Linnaeus) ] and 3-day-old nymphs of broad bean aphids (Aphis craccivora). [ Conclusion] The research provided theoretical basis for further study on insecticidal activities of capsaicin.
文摘Ten new N-oxalyl derivatives of neonicotinoid compound were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed by ^1H NMR spectra, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. The preliminary insecticidal activities of the new compounds were evaluated. The results of bioassays indicate that the title Compounds exhibit moderate insecticidal activities. Surprisingly, the insecticidal activity of compound 7b against bean aphids at 200 mg/kg is 100%, which is comoarable to that of the commercialized imidacloprid.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Projects(2017YFD0201200)。
文摘Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt)exhibits strong insecticidal activity and is harmless to non-target organisms such as human and animals.Bt becomes the most commonly used environment-friendly insecticidal microorganism.However,the insecticidal activities of different Bt strains variy significantly.Therefore,it is particularly important to compare the insecticidal activities of different strains and explore their insecticidal effector mechanisms to expand Bt insecticidal spectrum and enrich transgenic resources.Here,the insecticidal activities of Vip3Aa57 and Vip3Aa62 strains,carrying vegetative insecticidal protein-encoding genes that were inserted into the expression vector pET-21b and transformed into Escherichia coli Rosetta(DE3)strain,expressing 88 ku protein,were compared.Vip3Aa57 protein reportedly displayed body weight inhibition effect on Spodoptera exigua without affecting Heliothis armigera while Vip3Aa62 protein was known to have strong insecticidal activity against S.exigua(LC50=5.124 ng•mg^(-1)).A low H.armigera activity(LC50=870.1 ng•mg^(-1))was observed.The paraffin sectioning results showed that Vip3Aa57 protein affected S.exigua midgut cell morphology.The laser confocal microscopic imaging results showed that Vip3Aa57 bound to receptors in the midgut without damaging the midgut tissue morphology.This study would be conducive for making full use of Bt strains in the soil to compare the insecticidal activities of different Vip insecticidal genes.It could thus provide significant help in revealing the underlying insecticidal mechanisms of Vip3Aa insecticidal genes,developing new insecticidal proteins and delaying pest resistance problems.
基金financially supported by the Key Technologies R&D Program (No. 2014BAD23B01)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21202025, 21372052)
文摘A series of novel 5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide derivatives(6a–6n, 7a, 7b, and 8a-8f)were synthesised by placing the amide bond at the 4-position of the pyrazole ring. These derivatives differed from the structure of chlorantraniliprole analogues with the amide bond at the 5-position of the pyrazole ring. Preliminary bioassay results revealed that a few title compounds exhibited good insecticidal activities against lepidopteran pests, such as Plutella xylostella, Mythimna separate, Heliothis armigera, and Ostrinia nubilalis. Some title compounds also elicited broad-spectrum insecticidal activities against dipterous insects including Culex pipiens pallens after altering the amide position. Similar to pyrazole-5-carboxamide analogues, compounds 6b and 6e showed 100% insecticidal activity against P. xylostella, C. pipiens pallens, and M. separate at concentrations of 200, 2, and 200 mg/m L, respectively.This finding suggested that 5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide derivatives are potential alternative insecticides for management of agriculture pests.
文摘Ten novel analogues of flubendiamide containing a hexafluoroisopropanol moiety were designed and synthe- sized. Their insecticidal activities against armyworm (Pseudaletia separata Walker) were examined and compared with the commercial product flubendiamide. Compound 7b showed nearly the same insecticidal activity as fluben- diamide against armyworm.
文摘A new series of 1,3,5-trisubstituted-l,3,5-hexahydrotriazine-2-N-nitroimines (3a--3j) were designed and synthesized as novel neonicotinoid analogues, and their structures were characterized by 1H NMR, IR, elemental analysis and MS. The preliminary bioassay tests showed that most of the target compounds had good insecticidal activities against Nilaparvata lugens as well as Aphis medicaginis at 500 mg/L, while compound 3i had 100% mortality against Nilaparvata lugens at 20 mg/L.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21372133)973 Program(No.2010CB126106)"111" Project of Ministry of Education of China(No.B06005)
文摘In order to search for novel potent and environmentally benign insecticides,a series of anthranilic diamides containing various fluorinated groups were designed and synthesized.Their structures were confirmed by -1H NMR,-(13)C NMR,-(19)F NMR,elemental analysis,HRMS or mass spectra.Their insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm(Mythimna separata) and diamondback moth(Plutella xyiostella)were evaluated.The preliminary structure-activity relationship(SAR) was discussed in detail.The biological assay indicated that most of the compounds exhibited moderate to excellent insecticidal activities.Especially,Ia showed high larvicidal activity against oriental armyworm.Meanwhile,Iu had better larvicidal effects against diamondback moth than commercial chlorantraniliprole.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30571235)
文摘Insecticidal activities of the petroleum ether-, chloroform-, ethyl acetate-, and water-soluble fractions of the methanolic extract ofFicus sarmentosa var. henryi were assayed against Musca domestica adults. The chloroform- and ethyl acetate- soluble fractions were the most active with 92.6 and 88.9% mortalities (24 h after treatment) respectively. Therefore, the two fractions were combined and four compounds, isolated from the fractions by activity-guided fractionation, were elucidated as 7-hydroxycoumarin, apigenin, eriodictyol, and quercetin by spectroscopic method and displayed excellent insecticidal activities against adults of M. domestica and 4th instar larva of Aedes albopictus. Among those, 7- hydroxycoumarin showed the strongest insecticidal activities with lethal concentrations (LC50) values of 72.13 μg g^-1 sugar and 4.87 μg mL^-1 (48 h after treatment) against the test insects respectively. The cytoxicities of these compounds on BTI-Tn-5B 1-4 cell were also investigated for the insecticidal mechanism and found that quercetin represented superior inhibitory activity with MTT assay and reactive oxygen species (ROS) against BTI-Tn-5B 1-4 cell, but slightly weaker than that of the positive control (azadirachtin) and significantly greater than the negative control (DMSO only). Meanwhile, eriodictyol demonstrated the strongest effect on the mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMP). In conclusion, based on their comparative toxicities to commercial insecticides and their cytotoxic effects, some of the compounds from the F. sarmentosa have potential as botanical insecticides.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 21772103, 21602118)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFD0200505)Tianjin Natural Science Foundation (No. 17JCYBJC19900)
文摘Ryanodine receptors(RyRs) activator has become one class of popular insecticide because of its unique mode of action. In order to find more new RyRs activators as insecticidal agents, a series of 18 novel chiral anthranilic diamides were designed by introducing the D-alanine acid and D-serine acid esters as well as trifluoroethoxyl group into the anthranilic diamide skeleton and synthesized successfully based on anthranilic diamide and FKI-1033 structures. The structures of the title compounds Ia–i and IIa–i were confirmed by melting points,~1H NMR,^(13)C NMR, elemental analysis and specific optical rotation analysis.The preliminary bioassay results indicated that most of the title compounds exhibited considerable larvicidal activities against oriental armyworm at 10 mg/L, especially Ib, Ie and IIh showed remarkable insecticidal activities at 0.5 mg/L. The larvicidal activity against diamondback moth of Ia and IId were 80%and 90% respectively at 0.0001 mg/L, which was similar to that of chlorantraniliprole. The relationship between structure and insecticidal activity was analyzed to reveal a possible co-regulated effect of the chiral amino acid ester, halogen atom or cyano group, and trifluoroethyloxyl group of the skeleton structures of the title compounds, which will provide useful information for guiding the design and discovery of new RyRs activators and insecticidal agrochemicals.
文摘To make further studies on the difference of cis-nitenpyram analogues, a series of cis-nitenpyram com- pounds containing a flexible amido segment anchored on tetrahydropyrimidine ring was designed and synthesized. Preliminary bioassays indicate that all the analogues exhibit a mortality of 100% at 100 rag/L, and the analogue 4d shows the best activity against Nilaparvata lugens and Myzus persicae, with a mortality of 100% at 4 mg/L (LCs0=0.172 rag/L). The structure activity relationship studies show that insecticidal activities of the analogues are affected by the kinds and size of substituent R. In addition, the molecular docking simulations reveal that compouds 4 with a flexible amido segment on tetrahydropyrimidine ring show their different binding affinities for the nicotinic acetyleholine receptor(nAChR) of insect and compoud 4d shows stronger hydrogen-bonding with nAChR, which may provide the structure-activity relationship observed in vitro.
基金This work was supported by Syngenta Postgraduate Fellowship,National Basic Research Program of China(No.2010CB126106)the National Key Technologies R&D Program(No.2011BAE06B05).
文摘Due to a novel mode action,low toxicity to mammals and low residue characteristics,phthalic acid diamides have aroused considerable interests in agricultural chemistry.With introduction of N-cyano,N-trifluoroacetyl,N-carbamoylsulfiliminyl and sulfoximinyl substituents into phthalamides,12 novel derivatives containing trifluoromethyl moiety were designed and synthesized.All title compounds were characterized by ^(1)H NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry.The preliminary results of biological activity assessment indicated that some title compounds exhibited moderate to good insecticidal activities against oriental armyworm(Pseudaletia separata Walker).In particular,Va gave higher activity against oriental armyworm and diamondback moth.The present work reported that the new trifluoromethylated diamides incorporating N-trifluoroacetylsulfoximinyl moieties are potential lead compounds for further structure optimization,providing some insight into the relating structure-activity relationship.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFD0200505)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21772103)。
文摘Diamide compounds such as chlorantraniliprole,a famous anthranilic diamide insecticide targeting the insect ryanodine receptor(Ry R),have received continuous attention in pesticide research during the past 15 years owing to their excellent insecticidal potentials.With the aim of discovering new heterocyclic pesticides used for crop protection,based on the structural information of compound M from the reported pharmacophore-based virtual screening for Ry R insecticides and diamide compound,a series of new heterocyclic mono-,di-,and tri-amide derivatives containing piperazine moiety have been synthesized in this paper.The new compounds were identified and confirmed by melting point,^(1)H NMR,^(13)C NMR and HRMS.Compound M was firstly validated for insecticidal activities,and the new synthesized compounds were all made comprehensive insecticidal evaluations against diamondback moth and oriental armyworm.The bioassay results showed that some of the compounds exhibit favorable insecticidal potentials,particularly some novel piperazine-containing heterocyclic mono-/di-/tri-amide derivatives such as 8 g,14 a,15 a,15 g,15 i,15 j,15 k,15 l,and 15 m could be used as new insecticidal leading structures for further study(e.g.,towards diamondback moth,15i-15 m LC_(50):0.0022-0.0081 mg/L).The structure-activity relationships of the compounds discussed in detail provide useful guidance for further design and development of new insecticides.