BACKGROUND Elderly patients maintaining functional independence can now be candidates for primary wrist hemiarthroplasty to manage acute irreparable distal radius fractures(DRFs).However,further investigation with lon...BACKGROUND Elderly patients maintaining functional independence can now be candidates for primary wrist hemiarthroplasty to manage acute irreparable distal radius fractures(DRFs).However,further investigation with long-term follow-up is required to validate these initial findings.AIM To review the literature on the outcomes of distal radius hemiarthroplasty with available implants to assess its viability as a treatment option.METHODS A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted using electronic databases,including PubMed,Medline,and Scopus.The search terms employed were"distal radius fracture","hemiarthroplasty","wrist arthroplasty",and related terminology.The search was restricted to articles published in English from 1980 until June 2023.Inclusion criteria encompassed cases or case series of DRF treated with hemiarthroplasty,providing clinical or radiographic outcomes,and published in peer-reviewed journals.RESULTS A total of 2508 articles from PubMed and 883 from Scopus were identified initially.Following screening and removal of duplicates,13 articles met the inclusion criteria.These articles,predominantly clinical retrospective studies,provided insights into hemiarthroplasty outcomes,including functional improvements and complications.Hemiarthroplasty was a treatment option for complex DRF,particularly those cases with severe comminution,intraarticular involvement,or severe osteoporosis.Functional outcomes demonstrated improvements in pain relief,wrist mobility,and grip strength,with variability across studies.Complications included implant loosening,infection,nerve injury,and stiffness,with varying incidence rates influenced by surgical techniques and implant choice.Long-term outcomes were inadequately documented,warranting further research.CONCLUSION Hemiarthroplasty is a promising treatment for irreparable DRF in the elderly.Long-term outcomes and complications require further study.展开更多
Building a 15-minute radius livelihood service circle from the needs of residents is a topdown process of optimizing urban layout and promoting high-quality development implemented by the government.In September 2022,...Building a 15-minute radius livelihood service circle from the needs of residents is a topdown process of optimizing urban layout and promoting high-quality development implemented by the government.In September 2022,Xicheng District of Beijing served as a national pilot of the 15-minute radius livelihood service circle.Based on the data of POI,urban walking network and building outline,this paper studies the coverage of commercial service facilities in the 15-minute radius livelihood service circle of Chunshu Street by using kernel density analysis and urban network analysis tools.The research shows that the commercial facilities are concentrated in Zhuangsheng Square and Dazhalan commercial district.There are large gaps in housekeeping and couriers logistics facilities,which need to be further improved.展开更多
Streamer discharge is the inaugural stage of gas discharge,and the average electron energy directly determines the electron collision reaction rate,which is a key parameter for studying streamer discharge.Therefore,ta...Streamer discharge is the inaugural stage of gas discharge,and the average electron energy directly determines the electron collision reaction rate,which is a key parameter for studying streamer discharge.Therefore,taking into account the average electron energy,this work establishes a fluid chemical reaction model to simulate and study the course of evolution of a streamer discharge in a 5 mm rod–plate gap,considering 12 particles and 27 chemical reactions.It introduces the electron energy drift diffusion equation into the control equation,and analyzes the temporal and spatial changes of average electron energy,electric field intensity and electron density with change in rod radius and voltage.The effects of voltage and rod radius on the course of streamer discharge can be reflected more comprehensively by combining the average electron energies.Three different values of 0.3 mm,0.4 mm and 0.5 mm are set for the rod radius,and three different values of 5 k V,6 k V and 7 k V are set for the voltage.The influence of an excitation reaction on the streamer discharge is studied.The findings indicate that,as voltage raises,the streamer head’s electron density,electric field and average electron energy all rise,and the streamer develops more quickly.When the rod radius increases,the electron density,electric field and average electron energy of the streamer head all decrease,and the streamer’s evolution slows down.When an excitation reaction is added to the model,the average electron energy,the magnitude of the electric field and the density of electrons decrease,and the evolution of the streamer slows down.An increase in average electron energy will lead to an increase in electric field strength and electron density,and the development of the streamer will be faster.展开更多
Metaheuristic optimization algorithms present an effective method for solving several optimization problems from various types of applications and fields.Several metaheuristics and evolutionary optimization algorithms...Metaheuristic optimization algorithms present an effective method for solving several optimization problems from various types of applications and fields.Several metaheuristics and evolutionary optimization algorithms have been emerged recently in the literature and gained widespread attention,such as particle swarm optimization(PSO),whale optimization algorithm(WOA),grey wolf optimization algorithm(GWO),genetic algorithm(GA),and gravitational search algorithm(GSA).According to the literature,no one metaheuristic optimization algorithm can handle all present optimization problems.Hence novel optimization methodologies are still needed.The Al-Biruni earth radius(BER)search optimization algorithm is proposed in this paper.The proposed algorithm was motivated by the behavior of swarm members in achieving their global goals.The search space around local solutions to be explored is determined by Al-Biruni earth radius calculation method.A comparative analysis with existing state-of-the-art optimization algorithms corroborated the findings of BER’s validation and testing against seven mathematical optimization problems.The results show that BER can both explore and avoid local optima.BER has also been tested on an engineering design optimization problem.The results reveal that,in terms of performance and capability,BER outperforms the performance of state-of-the-art metaheuristic optimization algorithms.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Elderly patients maintaining functional independence can now be candidates for primary wrist hemiarthroplasty to manage acute irreparable distal radius fractures(DRFs).However,further investigation with long-term follow-up is required to validate these initial findings.AIM To review the literature on the outcomes of distal radius hemiarthroplasty with available implants to assess its viability as a treatment option.METHODS A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted using electronic databases,including PubMed,Medline,and Scopus.The search terms employed were"distal radius fracture","hemiarthroplasty","wrist arthroplasty",and related terminology.The search was restricted to articles published in English from 1980 until June 2023.Inclusion criteria encompassed cases or case series of DRF treated with hemiarthroplasty,providing clinical or radiographic outcomes,and published in peer-reviewed journals.RESULTS A total of 2508 articles from PubMed and 883 from Scopus were identified initially.Following screening and removal of duplicates,13 articles met the inclusion criteria.These articles,predominantly clinical retrospective studies,provided insights into hemiarthroplasty outcomes,including functional improvements and complications.Hemiarthroplasty was a treatment option for complex DRF,particularly those cases with severe comminution,intraarticular involvement,or severe osteoporosis.Functional outcomes demonstrated improvements in pain relief,wrist mobility,and grip strength,with variability across studies.Complications included implant loosening,infection,nerve injury,and stiffness,with varying incidence rates influenced by surgical techniques and implant choice.Long-term outcomes were inadequately documented,warranting further research.CONCLUSION Hemiarthroplasty is a promising treatment for irreparable DRF in the elderly.Long-term outcomes and complications require further study.
文摘Building a 15-minute radius livelihood service circle from the needs of residents is a topdown process of optimizing urban layout and promoting high-quality development implemented by the government.In September 2022,Xicheng District of Beijing served as a national pilot of the 15-minute radius livelihood service circle.Based on the data of POI,urban walking network and building outline,this paper studies the coverage of commercial service facilities in the 15-minute radius livelihood service circle of Chunshu Street by using kernel density analysis and urban network analysis tools.The research shows that the commercial facilities are concentrated in Zhuangsheng Square and Dazhalan commercial district.There are large gaps in housekeeping and couriers logistics facilities,which need to be further improved.
基金supported in part by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022MD723833)Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2023-JCYB-349)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CSEE(No.JLB-2022-91)。
文摘Streamer discharge is the inaugural stage of gas discharge,and the average electron energy directly determines the electron collision reaction rate,which is a key parameter for studying streamer discharge.Therefore,taking into account the average electron energy,this work establishes a fluid chemical reaction model to simulate and study the course of evolution of a streamer discharge in a 5 mm rod–plate gap,considering 12 particles and 27 chemical reactions.It introduces the electron energy drift diffusion equation into the control equation,and analyzes the temporal and spatial changes of average electron energy,electric field intensity and electron density with change in rod radius and voltage.The effects of voltage and rod radius on the course of streamer discharge can be reflected more comprehensively by combining the average electron energies.Three different values of 0.3 mm,0.4 mm and 0.5 mm are set for the rod radius,and three different values of 5 k V,6 k V and 7 k V are set for the voltage.The influence of an excitation reaction on the streamer discharge is studied.The findings indicate that,as voltage raises,the streamer head’s electron density,electric field and average electron energy all rise,and the streamer develops more quickly.When the rod radius increases,the electron density,electric field and average electron energy of the streamer head all decrease,and the streamer’s evolution slows down.When an excitation reaction is added to the model,the average electron energy,the magnitude of the electric field and the density of electrons decrease,and the evolution of the streamer slows down.An increase in average electron energy will lead to an increase in electric field strength and electron density,and the development of the streamer will be faster.
文摘Metaheuristic optimization algorithms present an effective method for solving several optimization problems from various types of applications and fields.Several metaheuristics and evolutionary optimization algorithms have been emerged recently in the literature and gained widespread attention,such as particle swarm optimization(PSO),whale optimization algorithm(WOA),grey wolf optimization algorithm(GWO),genetic algorithm(GA),and gravitational search algorithm(GSA).According to the literature,no one metaheuristic optimization algorithm can handle all present optimization problems.Hence novel optimization methodologies are still needed.The Al-Biruni earth radius(BER)search optimization algorithm is proposed in this paper.The proposed algorithm was motivated by the behavior of swarm members in achieving their global goals.The search space around local solutions to be explored is determined by Al-Biruni earth radius calculation method.A comparative analysis with existing state-of-the-art optimization algorithms corroborated the findings of BER’s validation and testing against seven mathematical optimization problems.The results show that BER can both explore and avoid local optima.BER has also been tested on an engineering design optimization problem.The results reveal that,in terms of performance and capability,BER outperforms the performance of state-of-the-art metaheuristic optimization algorithms.
