HSLA steels need extremely low levels of tramp elements like P,S,H and O t.During tapping the steel is deoxidized with aluminum and in the secondary metallurgy sulphur (【 10 ppm) and hydrogen (【 1 ppm) are extracted...HSLA steels need extremely low levels of tramp elements like P,S,H and O t.During tapping the steel is deoxidized with aluminum and in the secondary metallurgy sulphur (【 10 ppm) and hydrogen (【 1 ppm) are extracted.After tank degassing the steel is strongly Ca-treated by wire feeding to form CaS instead of MnS.Non-metallic inclusions in the steel and centre segregation with MnS are sinks for hydrogen which result in HIC (Hydrogen Induced Cracking).Therefore these steels ask for excellent oxide cleanness and S-contents of 【 10 ppm.Macro inclusions of 】 50 μm are harmful for the product.These large inclusions are seldom and difficult to be detected.Small inclusions of 【 15 μm do no harm to the product.The origin of non-metallic inclusions is,roughly spoken,one third each of de-oxidation-/reoxidation products,refractory and casting powder.Slag carry-over is mainly avoided by sensitive electronic devices.Slag covers and shrouding systems of the steel stream during the transfer of metal between ladle,tundish and mold are effective to avoid reoxidation.Systems to control the flow of steel in tundish and mold favor the floatation of inclusions and their even distribution in the strand.展开更多
文摘HSLA steels need extremely low levels of tramp elements like P,S,H and O t.During tapping the steel is deoxidized with aluminum and in the secondary metallurgy sulphur (【 10 ppm) and hydrogen (【 1 ppm) are extracted.After tank degassing the steel is strongly Ca-treated by wire feeding to form CaS instead of MnS.Non-metallic inclusions in the steel and centre segregation with MnS are sinks for hydrogen which result in HIC (Hydrogen Induced Cracking).Therefore these steels ask for excellent oxide cleanness and S-contents of 【 10 ppm.Macro inclusions of 】 50 μm are harmful for the product.These large inclusions are seldom and difficult to be detected.Small inclusions of 【 15 μm do no harm to the product.The origin of non-metallic inclusions is,roughly spoken,one third each of de-oxidation-/reoxidation products,refractory and casting powder.Slag carry-over is mainly avoided by sensitive electronic devices.Slag covers and shrouding systems of the steel stream during the transfer of metal between ladle,tundish and mold are effective to avoid reoxidation.Systems to control the flow of steel in tundish and mold favor the floatation of inclusions and their even distribution in the strand.
