Design of a Modularized Automatic Measurement and Control System for LaserInduced Breakdown Spectrometer

In order to improve the compatibility of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy( LIBS) instrument for different types of parts and optimize the analysis and testing processes,a modularized automatic measurement and control system was developed. Based on the characteristics of each LIBS component, the following development steps have been performed:( 1) a summary of characteristic parameters of the component are established;( 2) the integration mechanism of multiple electrical interfaces is designed;( 3) the component control instruction library is developed. The experimental results indicate that the measurement and control system is compatible with most LIBS parts in the market.Spectrometer and laser can be compatible with at least three different types of parts. In addition,a multilayer iterative testing process is designed to improve the efficiency of optimization process of LIBS parameters. The experimental results have shown that the automatic optimization of the delay time compared to the manual testing provides significant gain in testing efficiency. The range of delay time in the experiments is 1. 28 to 10. 28 μs and the step value is 1,0. 5,0. 2 and 0. 1 μs. The gain in testing efficiency has been found to be increased by 73. 76%,75. 93%,78. 81% and 80. 42%,respectively.

Design and Application of Water, Fertilizer and Pesticide Integrated Automatic Control Device

Integration of water, fertilizer and pesticide is the final stage of agricultural development, which improves the utilization efficiency of water, fertilizer and pesticide. Starting from the design and realization of water, fertilizer and pesticide integrated automatic control device, the paper discusses selection and application of fertilizer pesticides, use procedure, water, fertilizer and pesticide saving effect and receptive crowd in the application process of modern planting industry, so as to provide the basis for promotion and popularization of water, fertilizer and pesticide integration.

Design of a Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller for an Automatic Generation Control of Multi-area Power Thermal Systems Using Firefly Algorithm

Essentially, it is significant to supply the consumer with reliable and sufficient power. Since, power quality is measured by the consistency in frequency and power flow between control areas. Thus, in a power system operation and control,automatic generation control(AGC) plays a crucial role. In this paper, multi-area(Five areas: area 1, area 2, area 3, area 4 and area 5) reheat thermal power systems are considered with proportional-integral-derivative(PID) controller as a supplementary controller. Each area in the investigated power system is equipped with appropriate governor unit, turbine with reheater unit, generator and speed regulator unit. The PID controller parameters are optimized by considering nature bio-inspired firefly algorithm(FFA). The experimental results demonstrated the comparison of the proposed system performance(FFA-PID)with optimized PID controller based genetic algorithm(GAPID) and particle swarm optimization(PSO) technique(PSOPID) for the same investigated power system. The results proved the efficiency of employing the integral time absolute error(ITAE) cost function with one percent step load perturbation(1 % SLP) in area 1. The proposed system based FFA achieved the least settling time compared to using the GA or the PSO algorithms, while, it attained good results with respect to the peak overshoot/undershoot. In addition, the FFA performance is improved with the increased number of iterations which outperformed the other optimization algorithms based controller.

Automatic measurement of air-pressure sensor based on two-pressure control instrument

To measure the performance of high precision air-pressure sensors in below normal pressure,an automatic measurement instrument has been designed and implemented.It can simulate environment of low pressure from 300hPa to 1 000hPa with high accuracy by proportional-integral-derivative(PID)control quickly,and it can also generate various relative humidity by two-pressure control.The results show that this instrument can reach controlled pressure quickly.And it works well with the minimum average pressure difference,and the fluctuation is±0.02hPa at 500hPa.And it can keep in a stable status for a long time.It works well in performance testing of pressure sensors.The structure of the system is simple,takes small investment,and can be operated conveniently.

A Novel Cascaded PID Controller for Automatic Generation Control Analysis With Renewable Sources

Present day power scenarios demand a high quality uninterrupted power supply and needs environmental issues to be addressed. Both concerns can be dealt with by the introduction of the renewable sources to the existing power system. Thus, automatic generation control(AGC) with diverse renewable sources and a modified-cascaded controller are presented in the paper.Also, a new hybrid scheme of the improved teaching learning based optimization-differential evolution(hITLBO-DE) algorithm is applied for providing optimization of controller parameters. A study of the system with a technique such as TLBO applied to a proportional integral derivative(PID), integral double derivative(IDD) and PIDD is compared to hITLBO-DE tuned cascaded controller with dynamic load change.The suggested methodology has been extensively applied to a 2-area system with a diverse source power system with various operation time non-linearities such as dead-band of, generation rate constraint and reheat thermal units. The multi-area system with reheat thermal plants, hydel plants and a unit of a wind-diesel combination is tested with the cascaded controller scheme with a different controller setting for each area. The variation of the load is taken within 1% to 5% of the connected load and robustness analysis is shown by modifying essential factors simultaneously by± 30%. Finally, the proposed scheme of controller and optimization technique is also tested with a 5-equal area thermal system with non-linearities. The simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed controller and algorithm under a dynamically changing load.

PRECISE INTEGRATION METHOD FOR LQG OPTIMAL MEASUREMENT FEEDBACK CONTROL PROBLEM

By using the precise integration method, the numerical solution of linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) optimal control problem was discussed. Based on the separation principle, the LQG central problem decomposes, or separates, into an optimal state-feedback control problem and an optimal state estimation problem. That is the off-line solution of two sets of Riccati differential equations and the on-line integration solution of the state vector from a set of time-variant differential equations. The present algorithms are not only appropriate to solve the two-point boundary-value problem and the corresponding Riccati differential equation, but also can be used to solve the estimated state from the time-variant differential equations. The high precision of precise integration is of advantage for the control and estimation. Numerical examples demonstrate the high precision and effectiveness of the algorithm.

BBACIMA:A Trustworthy Integrity Measurement Architecture through Behavior-Based TPM Access Control

Two limitations of current integrity measurement architectures are pointed out： （1） a reference value is required for every measured entity to verify the system states, as is impractical however; （2） malicious user can forge proof of inexistent system states. This paper proposes a trustworthy integrity measurement architecture, BBACIMA, through enforcing behavior-based access control for trusted platform module （TPM）. BBACIMA introduces a TPM reference monitor （TPMRM） to ensure the trustworthiness of integrity measurement. TPMRM enforces behavior-based access control for the TPM and is isolated from other entities which may be malicious. TPMRM is the only entity manipulating TPM directly and all PCR （platform configuration register） operation requests must pass through the security check of it so that only trusted processes can do measurement and produce the proof of system states. Through these mechanisms malicious user can not enforce attack which is feasible in current measurement architectures.

An Automatic Synchronization Method for Distributed Power Electronics System

Currently, the high-speed serial fiber-optic ring net communication is a main method for performing the distributed control network topology and control mode. Because of a network transmission delay inherent in the topology, synchronization between nodes has become a critical issue which needs to be studied. The existing synchronization methods largely depend on the complex communication protocol. Therefore, this paper has proposed a method of automatic measurement and compensation of synchronization delay, and analyzed its operating principle and implementation procedure in detail. The results obtained from the experiments prove the proposed method to be correct, effective and practicable.

On the Existence of an Optimal Control of Ship Automatic Steering Instruments

The existence of linear quadratic optimal control of ship automatic steering instruments is studied. Firstly, the sufficient conditions for the quadratic integrability of the solutions of linear second order time-variant differential equations are developed. Secondly, the optimal control form of the ship automatic steering instrument is obtained by using the dynamic programming method, which guarantees a minimal ship sway range, during long-distance navigation, by using as little energy as possible. Finally, based on the above mentioned sufficient conditions, the conditions for the realization of optimal control are obtained, which provides a foundation for choosing the weighted coefficients for optimal control in engineering.

Study on Factors Influencing the Quality of Automatic Monitoring Data of Pollution Sources and Technical Assurance Measures

Automatic monitoring data of pollution sources is an important basis for environmental supervision and management.At present,it is difficult to guarantee the quality of automatic monitoring data of pollution sources,and it is difficult to play the role of the monitoring data.In response to this problem,the factors influencing the quality of automatic monitoring data of pollution sources were analyzed in detail,and technical assurance measures for the quality of automatic monitoring data of pollution sources in Shandong Province were studied.Besides,the dynamic management and control idea of automatic monitoring of pollution sources was proposed,and specific technical measures were analyzed from five aspects of standardizing automatic monitoring equipment of pollution sources,improving the data collection and transmission system,establishing a mechanism for reporting operating status information of monitoring equipment,setting alarm rules and alarm processing procedures,and statistically analyzing the operating status of the equipment.Practice has proved that the dynamic management and control system can effectively ensure the quality of automatic monitoring data of pollution sources.

Advancement in Wide Area Monitoring Protection and Control Using PMU’s Model in MATLAB/SIMULINK

A big step forward to improve power system monitoring and performance, continued load growth without a corresponding increase in transmission resources has resulted in reduced operational margins for many power systems worldwide and has led to operation of power systems closer to their stability limits and to power exchange in new patterns. These issues, as well as the on-going worldwide trend towards deregulation of the entire industry on the one hand and the increased need for accurate and better network monitoring on the other hand, force power utilities exposed to this pressure to demand new solutions for wide area monitoring, protection and control. Wide-area monitoring, protection, and control require communicating the specific-node information to a remote station but all information should be time synchronized so that to neutralize the time difference between information. It gives a complete simultaneous snap shot of the power system. The conventional system is not able to satisfy the time-synchronized requirement of power system. Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is enabler of time-synchronized measurement, it communicate the synchronized local information to remote station.

造纸污水深度处理自动监控系统设计研究

面对我国工业污水处理领域,特别是造纸污水处理的自动监控技术还显得较为滞后,相关学术成果匮乏,迫切需要加强此领域的技术研究与创新。当前,虽然多种智能控制技术各有所长,但也不无不足。因此,融合多元智能控制技术或将其与传统控制策略相结合的集成控制技术,对优化污水处理控制系统的设计,包括软件和硬件架构,显得尤为关键。实践证明,采用此类集成控制技术的污水处理系统能够实现稳定可靠的运行,不但满足了国家对污水排放的标准,而且符合节能减排的政策要求,带来了明显的经济与社会双重效益。这一领域的深入研究和技术进步,对促进我国环保事业的发展具有重要意义。

基于PXI和Teststand的模拟保护卡件自动测试工装设计

核反应堆的模拟保护系统具有较高的可靠性,运用脉冲试验,可使其具有充分的在役测试能力。作为模拟保护系统的组成部分,卡件具有模拟计算功能和逻辑运算功能。针对常规卡件测试耗时、费力等弊端,设计一套基于PXI和Teststand的自动化测试工装。通过对自动化测试原理和测试资源的分析,实现了硬件设备的选型,以及对开关网络、接线和系统结构的设计;以Teststand软件和LabVIEW语言为软件编程环境,完成测试流程的设计。借助一块辅助电路板,将工装自身的电源和多用表短接,实现了工装的自动化检测,确保工装在使用前处于完好可用状态。测试结果表明,卡件的测试时间为人工的1/5,卡件的测试质量达到了100%。

基于模糊PID汽车变速箱自动控制方法

为改善汽车变速箱的目标速度跟踪水平,提升汽车的动力性,基于模糊PID汽车变速箱自动控制方法,确定汽车行驶的目标车速,计算目标车速与实际车速之间的偏差,以及速度偏差的变化率,将上述结果作为PID控制器的输入,利用参数整定后的PID控制器,确定汽车变速箱的控制变量,控制汽车传动机构输出理想车速。实验结果表明,汽车以阶跃信号、斜坡信号和正弦信号状态行驶时,该方法均可以精准跟踪汽车变速箱的速比,控制效果与动态跟踪性能优异,为保持汽车的最佳动力性能提供了良好的控制策略。

基于OBE与虚实一体的测控专业实践教学改革

为解决测控专业实践教学环节存在课内和课外实践联系不够紧密、缺乏激励机制、师生合作互动度不高以及因材施教不到位等问题,提出基于OBE和虚实一体的实践教学改革。从虚实结合、内涵建设、评价及改进等方面对实践教学体系进行优化。主要措施包括以学生为中心加强校企和师生共建专业,充分利用虚拟仿真和互联网技术,让学生从线上和线下、虚拟和现实、课内和课外的各类实践资源中提高动手能力和激发创新思维。经过实践,学生的工程应用开发和创新创业能力得到明显加强,工程应用类学科竞赛获奖数以及承担的创新创业类项目数均显著增加,从而证实相关改革措施的有效性。

模拟电子技术与自动控制原理课程融合促进教学探索

多课程交叉融合的教学模式能够提高人才培养质量。首先,通过梳理和整合模拟电子技术和自动控制原理两门课程的教学内容,构建深度融合关联思维导图,明晰知识点对应关系。其次,针对具体知识点,采用多角度理论推演、交叉案例分析、综合性项目设计、虚拟仿真平台共享和课程思政融合等方式,设计具体实施内容。最后,探索了多种教学方法在融合促进教学中的应用,增强了学生对理论知识的理解和运用,提高了教学效果。

基于学科竞赛的自动控制原理课程案例式教学改革研究

为解决自动控制原理课程教学过程中遇到的一些突出问题,提出一项基于学科竞赛和案例教学的教改研究。选取如全国大学生机器人大赛ROBOCON和“西门子杯”中国智能制造挑战赛等高质量竞赛项目,从竞赛题目中提炼出与自动控制原理教学内容相关的若干案例。这些案例被整合到理论和实践教学环节中,引导学生将所学知识应用于解决实际问题,形成一个通过学科竞赛促进教与学的案例教学模式,激发学生学习的主动性,培养创新型应用型人才。

“技防+监督”防控公立医院廉政风险的相关问题探讨

为了深入了解某省属公立医院关键重点岗位的廉政风险防控监督情况,通过问卷调查、结构化访谈等方法,全面分析了当前监督工作中存在的问题与挑战,提出了以“技防+监督”方式强化廉政风险防控的重要意义及相应解决方案。调研选取某省属公立医院的多个关键重点岗位员工作为调查对象,通过设计问卷和开展结构化访谈,收集了大量第一手资料。调研发现公立医院在廉政风险防控监督方面存在监督部门缺乏信息技术人才,监督工作的制度化、标准化程度有待提高,信息泄露、篡改等风险不容忽视。调研提出“完善制度,摸清底数,统一科学谋划;排查词库,精准聚焦,强化节点管控;梳理流程,制定表单,稳步推进联网;嵌入系统,规范运行,实现风险防控”的规范化、标准化管理解决方案,护航公立医院高质量发展。