Codling moth Cydiapomonella L. is the most serious pest of apple and pear worldwide and causes damage and decreased yields. To minimize this risk, IPM tools can be applied to reduce the use of chemicals. A cost-effect...Codling moth Cydiapomonella L. is the most serious pest of apple and pear worldwide and causes damage and decreased yields. To minimize this risk, IPM tools can be applied to reduce the use of chemicals. A cost-effective application of IPM depends on the number of insects at the time of application. Several conditions and factors influence the lifecycle and numbers of generations within a year. In order to perform ex-ante evaluations of the cost-effectiveness of IPM measures against pest insects, the generic PREMISE insect model has been developed, which integrates insect＇s population dynamics, the climate and other conditions, applied measures, economics, environment and human health （residues）. This paper describes these components of the PREMISE insect model, and how these components interact to assess the cost-effectiveness of IPM measures and the effects on the environment and human health. Codling moth is used as a case study for this generic model.展开更多
An index system is constructed to measure the integration of environmental protection and high-quality economic development in different cities in China from 2006 to 2018,and to explore its evolution and driving force...An index system is constructed to measure the integration of environmental protection and high-quality economic development in different cities in China from 2006 to 2018,and to explore its evolution and driving forces.From the three dimensions of integration foundation,integration depth and integration performance,this paper adopts AHP-Entropy combined weighting method to build the integration index.In addition,this paper comprehensively uses exponential decomposition,comparative analysis and o convergence and divergence analysis to explore the spatio-temporal differences and dynamic mechanisms.The results show that the overall integration level of China's cities continues to improve,of which technological progress is the core driving force,the transformation of development mode is a crucial path,and the intensity of environmental governance is the key support.The evolution and driving forces of the integration level of first-tier cities,new first-tier cities and other cities are significantly different.Promoting integration level is a critical way for resourcebased cities to break the resource curse.Urban agglomeration integration led by the growth pole can effectively improve the overall regional integration level.This paper innovates that the relationship between environmental protection and high-quality economic development is discussed from the perspective of integration,and the paths to improve the integration level of resource-based cities and urban agglomerations are identified.This paper is helpful to clarify the differences in integration levels and driving forces of different cities,and provide a reference value for the precise implementation of high-quality development and“beautiful China.”展开更多
[目的]探索环境变量与经济的相互影响关系,研究绿色GDP(GGDP)和GDP的趋势关系并预测未来趋势变化,分析GGDP替代GDP作为政策指标的可行性,为推进区域可持续发展提供科学指导。[方法]基于联合国综合环境与经济核算体系(system of integrat...[目的]探索环境变量与经济的相互影响关系,研究绿色GDP(GGDP)和GDP的趋势关系并预测未来趋势变化,分析GGDP替代GDP作为政策指标的可行性,为推进区域可持续发展提供科学指导。[方法]基于联合国综合环境与经济核算体系(system of integrated environmental and economic accounting,SEEA),采用相关性分析方法,根据经济结构、发展水平和政策制度的不同选取了6个具有代表性国家的环境因素,与GDP进行了相关性分析,并使用一元线性回归方程对各国的GDP与GGDP进行拟合分析;利用ARIMA,Holt-Winters和灰度GM(1,1)模型对GGDP和GDP数据进行预测分析。通过模型误差对比分析最优预测结果。[结果]在经济发展的前期,GDP与GGDP、环境呈现负相关。随着可持续发展的经济结构完善,负相关逐步趋于缓和,最终实现回暖,呈现U形趋势。预测分析结果得出ARIMA模型最适合预测GDP,Holt-Winters模型最适合预测GGDP,且两者均呈现增长趋势,但GGDP增速不及GDP增速。[结论]结合中国实际情况,建议中国经济核算指标从GDP转向GGDP,且应加大环境经济投入,有助于实现经济、社会和环境的可持续发展,建设资源节约型和环境友好型的可持续发展社会。展开更多
文摘Codling moth Cydiapomonella L. is the most serious pest of apple and pear worldwide and causes damage and decreased yields. To minimize this risk, IPM tools can be applied to reduce the use of chemicals. A cost-effective application of IPM depends on the number of insects at the time of application. Several conditions and factors influence the lifecycle and numbers of generations within a year. In order to perform ex-ante evaluations of the cost-effectiveness of IPM measures against pest insects, the generic PREMISE insect model has been developed, which integrates insect＇s population dynamics, the climate and other conditions, applied measures, economics, environment and human health （residues）. This paper describes these components of the PREMISE insect model, and how these components interact to assess the cost-effectiveness of IPM measures and the effects on the environment and human health. Codling moth is used as a case study for this generic model.
基金the National Social Science Fund of China(No.18ZDA050)“Research on the Mechanism,Path and Policy System of the Integration of Environmental Protection and High-Quality Economic Development.”。
文摘An index system is constructed to measure the integration of environmental protection and high-quality economic development in different cities in China from 2006 to 2018,and to explore its evolution and driving forces.From the three dimensions of integration foundation,integration depth and integration performance,this paper adopts AHP-Entropy combined weighting method to build the integration index.In addition,this paper comprehensively uses exponential decomposition,comparative analysis and o convergence and divergence analysis to explore the spatio-temporal differences and dynamic mechanisms.The results show that the overall integration level of China's cities continues to improve,of which technological progress is the core driving force,the transformation of development mode is a crucial path,and the intensity of environmental governance is the key support.The evolution and driving forces of the integration level of first-tier cities,new first-tier cities and other cities are significantly different.Promoting integration level is a critical way for resourcebased cities to break the resource curse.Urban agglomeration integration led by the growth pole can effectively improve the overall regional integration level.This paper innovates that the relationship between environmental protection and high-quality economic development is discussed from the perspective of integration,and the paths to improve the integration level of resource-based cities and urban agglomerations are identified.This paper is helpful to clarify the differences in integration levels and driving forces of different cities,and provide a reference value for the precise implementation of high-quality development and“beautiful China.”
文摘[目的]探索环境变量与经济的相互影响关系,研究绿色GDP(GGDP)和GDP的趋势关系并预测未来趋势变化,分析GGDP替代GDP作为政策指标的可行性,为推进区域可持续发展提供科学指导。[方法]基于联合国综合环境与经济核算体系(system of integrated environmental and economic accounting,SEEA),采用相关性分析方法,根据经济结构、发展水平和政策制度的不同选取了6个具有代表性国家的环境因素,与GDP进行了相关性分析,并使用一元线性回归方程对各国的GDP与GGDP进行拟合分析;利用ARIMA,Holt-Winters和灰度GM(1,1)模型对GGDP和GDP数据进行预测分析。通过模型误差对比分析最优预测结果。[结果]在经济发展的前期,GDP与GGDP、环境呈现负相关。随着可持续发展的经济结构完善,负相关逐步趋于缓和,最终实现回暖,呈现U形趋势。预测分析结果得出ARIMA模型最适合预测GDP,Holt-Winters模型最适合预测GGDP,且两者均呈现增长趋势,但GGDP增速不及GDP增速。[结论]结合中国实际情况,建议中国经济核算指标从GDP转向GGDP,且应加大环境经济投入,有助于实现经济、社会和环境的可持续发展,建设资源节约型和环境友好型的可持续发展社会。
