China Should Adopt Integration Policies to Reduce Energy Waste

China should pilot renewable energy integration policies similar to those adopted in Germany and Texas in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to transmit excess energy and reduce wasted wind power.Renewable energy integration will be fundamental to China?s transition to a low-carbon economy.Although China now leads the world in terms

Simulation of Hail and Soil Type Effects on Crop Yield Losses in Kansas,USA

Computer simulation was used for predictive analysis of the effects of weather and soil type on crop yield in the U.S. crop insurance program. The Environmental Policy Integrated Climate （EPIC） model was modified to include hail weather events, which completed the modifications necessary to simulate the four most frequent causes of crop yield loss （hail, excessive wet, excessive cold, and excessive dry） associated with soil type in Kansas, USA. At the region level, per hectare yields were simulated for corn, wheat, soybean, and sorghum. We concluded that it was possible to predict crop yields through computer simulation with greater than 93% accuracy. The hail damage model test indicated EPIC could predict hail-soil-induced yield losses reasonably well （R^2 〉 0.6）. The investigation of soil type influence on dryland sorghum and wheat production indicated that Wymore silty clay loam soil and Kenorna silt loam produced the highest sorghum yields statistically; Kuma silt loam, Roxbury silt loam, Crete silty clay loam, and Woodson silt soils produced the second highest sorghum yields statistically; and Richfiled silt loam, Wells loam, and Canadian sandy loam produced the lowest sorghum yields. By contrast, wheat production showed less sensitivity to soil type variation. The less sensitive response of wheat yields to the soil type could be largely due to the unconsidered small-scale variability of soil features.

Impact of Urban Water Pricing on Future Water Demand： A ＇Socioeconomic＇ Study in Greece

The main aim of this study is to assess various aspects of the current water policy, investigate the perspectives of water saving, evaluate water price elasticity and explore new approaches toward sustainable water management in the water sector, through a questionnaire survey that has been performed in the city of Volos, Greece, concerning the residential sector. The appropriate design of water management measures presupposes the investigation of the influence of some selected variables to consumers＇ behavior. The price of water, the size of the dwelling, the indoor and outdoor uses, the educational level, the income of consumers as well as rainfall and temperature levels are examined, the residential water demand curve is estimated and projections of future water demand under different pricing policies are performed.

Visualization Framework for Inter-Domain Access Control Policy Integration

The rapid increase in resource sharing across domains in the cloud comput- ing environment makes the task of managing inter-domain access control policy integration difficult for the security administrators. Al- though a number of policy integration and sec- urity analysis mechanisms have been devel- oped, few focus on enabling the average ad- ministrator by providing an intuitive cognitive sense about the integrated policies, which considerably undermines the usability factor. In this paper we propose a visualization flame- work for inter-domain access control policy integration, which integrates Role Based Ac- cess Control （RBAC） policies on the basis of role-mapping and then visualizes the inte- grated result. The role mapping algorithm in the framework considers the hybrid role hier- archy. It can not only satisfy the security con- straints of non-cyclic inheritance and separa- tion of duty but also make visualization easier. The framework uses role-permission trees and semantic substrates to visualize the integrated policies. Through the interactive policy query visualization, the average administrator can gain an intuitive understanding of the policy integration result.

Media Stakeholders＇ Perspectives and Policy Integrity

Objectivity in media practice is the journalist＇s ability to give every segment of the audience an equal right to be heard and seen, to read or to react. Disappointingly, that objectivity does not extend to the policies that regulate that practice. This concern is demonstrated in the incoherence and lack of judgment that exist in media policy domains where journalism is confined to a deal between only the journalist and his or her audience. This linear process conspicuously excludes those crucial stakeholders whose interests tremendously affect the destiny of journalists and their audience. The development has adversely affected policy rationality in some developing countries as media policies lack interactive planning, robust policy discourses and stakeholder dialogue, thereby undermining policy integrity. This paper attempts to argue that for a media policy to be truly in public interest, formulators have to expand their horizon beyond government, journalists and their audience to other stakeholders. Newsmakers, who fall into a category of such stakeholders, can make the journalist＇s pen run dry if they go on strike! Others include media users, media owners and media scholars. The paper recommends the process of harnessing the perspectives of these stakeholders in a manner that can make analysts consider drafting a fresh all-encompassing media policy for developing countries, especially those of Africa.

The Challenges of the European Union＇s Migration and Integration Policy-The Road to a Common Immigration Policy

This study is about the main problem of the European Union arising from the social status of migrant or migrant background population. It is trying to reveal the real causes, why migrants have difficulties in adapting to the conventions of the receiver countries. The study also focuses on three main questions： the social status of women, public education, and the anomalies of the labour market. It is also trying to find the possible way for the EU communities how to establish and develop a common immigration policy, which can solve the problem in an integrated package system and also fit into the characteristic features of the member-states. This paper is going to give an overview on issues affecting both migrant and migrant-originated communities and is going to analyse cause-reason connections. We also must find efficient responses adequate for applying as strategies for tackling challenges of this nature, which Hungary performs its EU Presidency in first term of the year 2011.

Towards Data-Driving Multi-View Evaluation Framework for Scratch

As one of the most popular visual programming languages,Scratch has a lot of evaluation around it.Reasonable evaluation can help programmers understand their projects better.At the same time,it can also provide a reference for them to browse other projects in the online community.Most of the existing evaluations on Scratch are carried from three perspectives:Computational Thinking(CT)ability,visual presentation aesthetics,and code quality.Among them,the assessment of CT and code quality is mainly carried out from the program script,while the evaluation of visual aesthetics is analyzed from the perspective of image sequences generated by project execution.The single-view evaluation focuses on the performance of a program in a certain aspect and is one-sided.In this paper,we propose a multi-view evaluation framework to integrate various evaluations using different policies.We quantitatively analyze the assessment of different views driven by data.Combined with overall evaluations that represent human opinions,we analyze their differences and connections.Through experiments,we determine the weights of different integration policies,the proposed multi-view evaluation method can generate evaluation results similar to human opinions.

Integrated Spacing Policy Considering Micro- and Macroscopic Characteristics

An appropriate spacing policy improves traffic flow and traffic efficiency while reducing commuting time and energy con-sumption.In this paper,the integrated spacing policy that combines the benefits of the constant time headway(CTH)and safety distance(SD)spacing policies is proposed in an attempt to improve traffic flow and efficiency.Firstly,the performance of the CTH and SD spacing policies is analyzed from the perspective of the microscopic characteristics of human-vehicle and the macroscopic characteristics of traffic flow.The switching law between CTH and SD spacing policies and the integrated spacing policy are then proposed to increase traffic efficiency according to the traffic conditions,and the critical speed for the proposed integrated spacing policy is derived.Using the proposed switching law,the integrated spacing policy utilizes the safety redundancy difference between the CTH and SD spacing policies in a flexible manner.Simulation tests demon-strate that the proposed integrated spacing policy increases traffic flow and that the traffic flow maintains string stability in a wider range of traffic flow density.

CPC Central Committee and State Council Release Opinions Concerning Establishing and Improving the Institution, Mechanism, and Policy System for Urban and Rural Integrated Development

On May 6,2019,the CPC Central Committee and State Council released the Opinions Concerning Establishing and Improving the Institution,Mechanism,and Policy System for Urban and Rural Integrated Development(shortened into the Opinions in the following part).The Opinions suggests that by 2022,a primary urban-rural integrated development mechanism should be established.An institutional channel for free flowing of urban and rural elements should be basically opened up,the restrictions on urban permanent household registration should be gradually eliminated,the unified urban and rural construction land use market should be set up,the capacity of finance serving for countryside revitalization should be apparently promoted.

A formal model for integrity protection based on DTE technique

In order to provide integrity protection for the secure operating system to satisfy the structured protection class＇ requirements, a DTE technique based integrity protection formalization model is proposed after the implications and structures of the integrity policy have been analyzed in detail. This model consists of some basic rules for configuring DTE and a state transition model, which are used to instruct how the domains and types are set, and how security invariants obtained from initial configuration are maintained in the process of system transition respectively. In this model, ten invariants are introduced, especially, some new invariants dealing with information flow are proposed, and their relations with corresponding invariants described in literatures are also discussed. The thirteen transition rules with well-formed atomicity are presented in a well-operational manner. The basic security theorems correspond to these invariants and transition rules are proved. The rationalities for proposing the invariants are further annotated via analyzing the differences between this model and ones described in literatures. At last but not least, future works are prospected, especially, it is pointed out that it is possible to use this model to analyze SE-Linux security.

Wastewater reclamation and reuse in China:Opportunities and challenges

The growing water stress both in terms of water scarcity and quality deterioration promotes the development of reclaimed water as a new water resource use. This paper reviewed wastewater reuse practices in China, and the opportunities and challenges of expanding reclaimed water use were analyzed. Rapid urbanization with the increasing of water demand and wastewater discharge provides an opportunity for wastewater reuse. The vast amount of wastewater discharge and low reclaimed water production mean that wastewater reuse still has a great potential in China. Many environmental and economic benefits and successful reclamation technologies also provide opportunities for wastewater reuse. In addition, the overall strategy in China is also encouraging for wastewater reuse. In the beginning stage of wastewater reclamation and reuse, there are many significant challenges to expand wastewater reuse in China including slow pace in adopting urban wastewater reuse programs, the establishment of integrated water resources management framework and guidelines for wastewater reuse programs, incoherent water quality requirements, the limited commercial development of reclaimed water and the strengthening of public awareness and cooperation among stakeholders.

A Policy Integration Method Based on Multilevel Security for Data Integration

Integrating and sharing data from different data sources is one of the trends to make better use of data. However, data integration hampers data confidentiality where each data source has its own access control policy. This paper includes a discussion on the issue about access control across multiple data sources when they arc combined together in the scenario of searching over these data. A method based on multilevel security for data integration is proposed. The proposed method allows the merging of policies and also tackles the issue of policy conflicts between different data sources.